Homework help cpm kindergarten

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biology bs resume Certification Area(s) : Biology. Homework Help Cpm Kindergarten? Degree(s) and Institutions (in reverse order): M. Ed. Curriculum and Instruction, Grand Valley State University, expected May 2013. Homework Help? BA Biological and Physical Sciences, minor Communication Arts, Indiana University, May 2010. Homework Help Cpm Kindergarten? Placement School and District: Central High School, Grand Rapids Public Schools, Grand Rapids, MI. Grade Level and Courses Taught: 9th Grade Biology (3 courses) 11th Grade Forensics (1 course) Highlight of Your Teaching Responsibilities: Design and teach all course materials for Personal for college application, biology lessons for the second half of the school year. Construct meaningful learning experiences by using differentiated instruction and Homework cpm kindergarten designing labs appropriate for students. Implement an organized binders system into the classroom to hold students accountable for Personal application service, their work.

Create a mandatory after-school biology tutoring program for students in my class who were missing more than three assignments. Participate in cpm kindergarten parent teacher conferences, discipline literacy (DL) coaching sessions, and in a district wide Positive Behavior. Intervention and Support (PBIS) school management policy. Essay Review Service? Foster positive relationships with students from help cpm kindergarten a variety of backgrounds. Science Olympiad Volunteer, Forestry, spring 2012. Homework Help? Weekly After School Tutoring in Biology. Trio Upward Bound Program Tutor, Allendale MI, summer 2011. Value-Added Life Experience: Substitute Teacher at high needs school, Logansport IN, fall 2008 – summer 2011. Wildcat Wildlife Center Volunteer, Delphi IN, winter 2011.

Independent Study testing E. coli O157:H7 contamination in waterways throughout Howard County, spring 2010. Microbiology Lab Assistant at Indiana University, Kokomo IN, winter 2008 – summer 2010. Contact E-Mail Address: askrencm@gmail.com. M.Ed (Instruction Curriculum: Secondary Education-expected August 2013) Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan. BS (Biology, December 2007) Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.

P ost-Bac Courses in Homework cpm kindergarten advanced Physics and Mathematics (Winter 2008) University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Lee High School, Godfrey-Lee Public Schools, Wyoming, Michigan. 10th Grade Biology A/ Biology B. Need Help? 12th Grade AnatomyPhysiology (assistant to Mentor Teacher) Designed and planned all the help cpm kindergarten, units/course materials associated with the interdit, Biology A/B courses. Help Cpm Kindergarten? Acted as the you, sole instructor for all biology classes being offered at Lee High School during the 2nd trimester. Constructed meaningful learning experiences by designing labs and activities appropriate for my students. Cpm Kindergarten? Used a rigorous portfolio system for students to demonstrate their mastery of the best essay service, Biology State standards. Homework? First student teacher to be evaluated by the GLPS principal/superintendent in the place of their mentor teacher using the formal observation protocol for the State of Michigan (a system being proposed to all mentor teachers in the district) Extracurricular responsibilities: Conducted a weekly, after school help session (Elevate) to assist struggling learners in all science classes as part of the school's RTI program. Assisting in the design of a one week course entitled Native Gardens for the extended-year program RebelPrize, as well as the construction of a school garden. Built relationships with students by taking an active role during school assemblies.

Broad multicultural understanding and have lived in several countries for extended periods of time; native Romanian speaker, conversational in French. Have worked to supervise and best essay conduct research in help cpm kindergarten an NIH funded neuroscience laboratory at the University of Michigan. Resume For High? Experience as a camp counselor, lifeguard, rock climbing and kite-surfing instructor . Homework Cpm Kindergarten? Certification area(s): Biology (DA) Degree(s) and for college application service institutions: MAT (Secondary Science Education), Wayne State University (expected summer 2013) BS, biology major; psychology minor; Oakland University; 2010. Field Placement school and district: Martin Luther King Jr. Senior High School; Detroit, MI. Grade level and Courses taught: 9th grade biology.

Highlights of teaching responsibilities: Taught biology classes for six months using interactive science lessons with real world applications, specifically the city of Detroit and the student’s neighborhood. Extracurricular responsibilities: Helped the pre-med club with blood typing and microorganisms; guided students in a research project on causes and effects of obesity; tutored students after school two days a week. Value-added life experience : Three years of experience in Homework the medical field: emergency physician scribe; patient transporter. Certification as Emergency Medical Technician. Name: Amanda Burgess. Certification area: Biology. Degree(s) and institutions: MA (Teaching), Eastern Michigan University; concentration in biology. BA (Biology), Augustana College, minors in biochemistry and sheets psychology. Homework? Placement school and district: Detroit International Academy for Need homework help, Young Women, Detroit, MI. Grade level and courses taught: 10th grade Forensic Science. Highlight of my teaching responsibilities: Lead responsibility for lesson planning, classroom instruction, and assessment of Forensic Science classes for Homework help cpm kindergarten, the 2nd Semester.

Assisted DAPCEP students with science fair projects. Value-added life experience: Laboratory Technician for What is the best writing site, 3 years. E-mail address: amanda.kay.burgess@gmail.com. Name: Juliana Carter. Certification area(s): Biology.

Degree(s) and help institutions (in reverse order): MS (Education and Curriculum), Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, anticipated summer 2013. BS (Animal Science), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, August, 2006. Poultry Science specialization Program, University of statement dating, Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, July, 2006. Cpm Kindergarten? A.A. in liberal Arts, Santa Fe Community college, Gainesville, FL, August, 2004. Placement school and district:

Godwin Heights High School, Wyoming, MI. Grade level and Courses taught: 9 th grade biology (3 regular ED hours and 1 ELL hour) Highlight of il est interdit, your teaching responsibilities: Co-teach/Assist/translate in 5 biology classes during the help, 2011-2012 school year. Lead responsibility in 4 biology classes for a period of 10 weeks during the second semester of the 2011-2012 school year. Tutoring during and after-school for homework help, both regular ED students and ELL students. Value-added life experience : Fluent Spanish speaker (Born and raised in Bogota, Colombia, SA for 16 years) Contact E-Mail Address: carte276@msu.edu. Certification area(s): Biology. Degree(s) and institutions: BA, Biology; Northern Michigan University. Field Placement school and district: Grade level and Courses taught: Highlights of teaching responsibilities: Value-added life experience : Excellent content knowledge in outdoor-learning; volunteered on an organic fruit farm in cpm kindergarten Costa Rica; 2.5 years of Spanish.

Name: Ben Garlets. Certification area(s): Biology and Mathematics. Degree(s) and institutions (in reverse order): MA (Teaching and Curriculum), Michigan State University. BS (Mathematics), Grand Valley State University. BS (Biomedical Sciences), Grand Valley State University. Placement school and district: City High Middle School, Grand Rapids, MI.

Grade level and Courses taught: 9 th grade geometry (2 hours), 8/9 th grade biology (2 hours) Highlight of Personal review service, your teaching responsibilities: Lead responsibility for 10 weeks in both content areas (mathematics and biology) Tutoring an independent study in Calculus. Value-added life experience : Biochemistry lab technician, Grand Valley State University. Established a sustainable service learning partnership involved in Homework educating and abolishing modern forms of Resume for high school graduate quiz, trafficking with a Non Government Organization in Ghana and Grand Valley State University Honors College. Name: Steven Jablonski. C ertification area: Biology, Health Education (in process) Degree(s) and institutions (in reverse order): M.Ed. Help? (Instruction and Curriculum), Grand Valley State University (expected April 2013) B.S. (Biology), Grand Valley State University. Placement school and district: Muskegon High School, Muskegon Public Schools, Muskegon, Michigan. 10 th grade Biology (2 hours) , 10 th grade Honors Biology (2 hours), 11-12 th grade Anatomy / Physiology (1 hour, assistant to mentor teacher)

Highlight of your teaching responsibilities: Observed and taught for a full school year (over 8 months as lead teacher) in essay for college application service a high-needs urban high school. Taught learners with exceptionally diverse racial, cultural, and Homework cpm kindergarten socioeconomic backgrounds. Planned and implemented units for 1-1/2 semesters in both honors and general biology. Differentiated assessment and instructional methods to enable learners with a very broad spectrum of abilities to Resume for high graduate achieve learning targets aligned with Michigan High School. Homework? Planned and facilitated technical, hands-on labs including DNA gel electrophoresis and GFP-plasmid E. coli bacterial DNA transformation labs. Coordinated with my cooperating teacher and ELA department faculty to introduce biology content-related literacy projects to support Common Core initiatives. Effectively managed classrooms in a challenging environment by Resume, building relationships with students, providing engaging lessons, communicating with parents, and teaching, modeling, and cpm kindergarten requiring consistently high standards of best site service, conduct. Assisted with LINK Crew program to facilitate upper classmen mentoring freshmen. Value-added life experience. Tutor for urban high needs students in TRIO / Upward Bound program.

Name: Melanie Kapolka. Certification area(s): Chemistry and Biology. Homework Help Cpm Kindergarten? Degree(s) and Resume for high school institutions (in reverse order): MA (Practice of Teaching, Foundations for Homework help, Teaching: Science Emphasis), Western Michigan University - in process. BA (Biology), Albion College. Placement school and district: Kalamazoo Central High School, Kalamazoo, MI. Grade level and Courses taught: Grades 10 th , 11 th , 12 th. 2 nd Trimester: General Chemistry A (2 hours), Honors Chemistry B (1 hour) 3 rd Trimester: Honors Chemistry B (2 hours), General Chemistry B (1 hour) Highlight of teaching responsibilities: Lead responsibility for 7 months in chemistry classroom. Write Stationery You? Provided one-on-one help in biology classroom, gaining experience there as well. Worked as substitute teacher in help cpm kindergarten the chemistry classroom for What is the essay writing service, multiple consecutive days, successfully running the class without supervision.

Value-added life experience : Biology lab teaching assistant at Albion College. Homework? Summer camp counselor for Need help, two consecutive summers. Lifeguard, swim lesson instructor, and synchronized swimming coach for Homework cpm kindergarten, seven years. Volunteered in Honduras with Global Medical Brigades, August 2008. Contact E-Mail Address: kapolkam@gmail.com. Degree(s) and Resume graduate institutions: MA (Science Education), Wayne State University (expected summer 2013) BA ( Biological Science), Wayne State University. Field Placement School and Homework help cpm kindergarten District: Martin Luther King, Jr. Senior High School; Detroit, MI. Grade level and Courses taught: 9 th 10 th Grade Biology; 10 th – 12 th Grade Environmental Science. Highlights of Personal application review, teaching responsibilities:

Developed inquiry-based activities to facilitate student understanding of cpm kindergarten, complex science concepts. Attended local and state conference meetings. Tutoring during lunch and after school. Helped with first robotics team and Resume graduate quiz school recycling center. Homework Cpm Kindergarten? Step team leader. Value-added life experience : Mentored students at Resume graduate quiz an alternative high school.

Advisory Board member: CHANGE Foundation. Volunteer fundraiser and relay participant: American Cancer Society’s Relay for Life. Member: Cass Corridor Feeding Program and Foreign Country Committee. Name: Richard Ostrowski. Certification area(s): Biology and Environmental Science (?-hopefully) Degree(s) and Homework cpm kindergarten institutions (in reverse order): MA (Educational Studies - expected April 2013), University of Michigan-Ann Arbor. BS (Environmental Studies), Western Michigan University. BA (Anthropology), Western Michigan University.

Placement school and district: Western International Academy, Detroit Public Schools, Detroit MI. Experience at Detroit School of Arts and Resume for high graduate Douglass Academy of Young Men. Grade level and Courses taught: 11 th 12 th grade Earth Science (1 st , 2 nd , 6 th , 7 th hours) Highlight of your teaching responsibilities: The experience of cpm kindergarten, being in the classroom for the entire school year; with complete teaching responsibility for the second half of the What best site, year Tuesday through Friday. Co-taught ACT preparation for a half hour each morning as part of an extended day schedule. Value-added life experience : Initiated ‘Guy’s Read’ program at a high-needs middle school in Homework Kalamazoo, MI. Conversational Spanish Speaker (volunteer experience in Guatemala and Costa Rica) 25+ hours multicultural training and experience with Children’s Defense Fund, Freedom Schools.

Substitute teacher for Write sheets stationery, two years. Certified to teach Aldo Leopold Outdoor Educational Curriculum. Field work at Homework help North Oakland Headwaters Land Conservancy. Contact E-Mail Address: rickyostrowski@gmail.com. Certification area(s): Biology.

MS ( Health Science), Grand Valley State University. BS ( Health Science), Grand Valley State University. BS (Christian Education), Toccoa Falls College. You? Grade level and help Courses taught: General Biology / 9th-12th grade – (3 hours), Forensic Science / 10th-12th grade (1 hour), Human Anatomy Physiology / 10th-12th grade (1 hour) Being given the lead teaching responsibilities for second semester for 5 classes daily; Developing a strong relationship with my mentor teacher and other teachers and staff in the school. Science Olympiad coach. Varsity baseball coach.

Guiding wilderness expeditions. MA (Practice of Teaching, Foundations for Teaching: Science Emphasis), Western Michigan University - in process. BS (Microbiology Cell Science), University of Florida. Placement school and district (Internship): Loy Norrix High School, Kalamazoo, MI. Grade level and Courses taught: 9th grade Biology (6 months) Highlight of your teaching responsibilities: Lead teacher for 6 month-long units in interdit biology.

Co-Founder of Western Michigan University “ R.O.C. Ministries” Marketing Director/Board Member for Black Arts Cultural Center. Tutoring in Kalamazoo Juvenile Court Literacy program for 4 months. Value-added life experience: Paraprofessional (Northglade Montessori School (Elementary), Kalamazoo, Mi. Woodrow Wilson Scholar. Certification area(s): Biology.

Degree(s) and Homework institutions: MA (Science Education), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. Write Stationery? BS ( Wildlife Biology), University of Homework help cpm kindergarten, Michigan-Flint, Flint, MI. Field Placement School and district: Martin Luther King Jr., Senior High School, Detroit, MI. Grade level and Courses taught: 9 th grade, Biology. 11 th and 12 th grade, Environmental Science. Homework? Highlights of teaching responsibilities: Apply knowledge of natural environment to design inquiry-based lessons.

Assist with school-wide recycling program; C o-planner of community Earth Day event. assist in Frog and toad survey project -- Belle Isle Nature Center. Tutoring before and after school. Value-added life experience : Naturalist: Seven Ponds Nature Center (7 years) SEA Education · Shoals Marine Laboratory program, 2003. after-school bowling coach (3 years) (USBC Level II Certified) participant in Lapeer Symphony Orchestra. Name: Richard Schneeberger. Certification area(s): Biology, Chemistry and help cpm kindergarten Secondary Integrated Science (DI) Degree(s) and help institutions (in reverse order): MA (Secondary Education), Michigan State University. BS (Human Biology), Michigan State University. Cpm Kindergarten? BS (Physiology), Michigan State University.

Placement school and district: Cass Technical High School, Detroit, MI. Grade level and Need homework Courses taught: 9 th grade biology (4 hours) Highlight of your teaching responsibilities: Lead responsibility 4 month-long units in biology. Regularly held two hour Tuesday/Wednesday Biology tutoring/after-school review sessions (9 months) Value-added life experience : Emergency Medical Technician (2 years), CPR/AED Cert. Help? Laboratory Assistant Technician at Emergent BioSolutions, sole manufacturer of the anthrax vaccine used to inoculate the US armed forces from anthrax. Contact E-Mail Address: richard.schneeberger@gmail.com. Name: Ann Schultz.

Certification area: Biolog y. MA Teaching and Curriculum, Michigan State University. Homework Help? MS Chemical and Life Science (Biology), University of Homework cpm kindergarten, Maryland. For College Application Review? BS Business Administration (Management Information Systems), University of Homework help, Arizona. Placement school and district: Detroit International Academy for Young Women, Detroit, MI. Grade level and for college application service Courses taught: 9 th grade Biology (3 hours) Highlight of Homework help cpm kindergarten, your teaching responsibilities: Lead responsibility for 6 month-long units in biology. Assistant Teacher 9 th - 12 th grade Art (2 hours) Assistant Teacher 9 th – 12 th grade after-school VEX Robotics Club.

Value-added life experience : Michigan Test for Teacher Certification 096 Basic Skills, 017 Biology (DA), 094 Integrated Science (DI) National Science Teachers Association member. Homework? Waldorf high school biology teacher certification | Montessori elementary and early childhood teacher certifications. Help? Human anatomy and physiology knowledge from physical therapy clinic therapeutic massage in Utah for 5 years. State approved supervisor for massage therapist apprentices in Utah for 6 years. Human anatomy assistant instructor for massage therapy students in Massachusetts for 1 year. Systems design and programming for stationery, major corporations in cpm kindergarten California, Illinois and Massachusetts for 11 years. Contact E-Mail Address: acm_schultz@hotmail.com.

Name: Matthew Sheick. Certification area(s): Biology. Degree(s) and institutions (in reverse order): MA (Teaching and Curriculum), Michigan State University. BS (Major: Biology, Minor: Chemistry) Alma College. Personal Dating? Placement school and Homework help cpm kindergarten district: Cass Technical High School, Detroit, MI. Grade level and Courses taught: General Biology (1 hour), AP Biology (2 hours), Anatomy and Physiology (Assistant Teaching, 1 hour) Highlight of your teaching responsibilities: Lead responsibility 4 month-long units in Biology and Write sheets you AP Biology.

Assistant Coach, Baseball team. Homework? After-school tutoring 3-4 days per month. Sheets Stationery You? Value-added life experience : Outdoor Education Coordinator (2 years) Crew Chief, at-risk teen summer program, Baltimore, MD (3 months) Field Technician, Black-capped vireo research project (5 months) Laboratory Technologist for a pharmaceutical research project (1 ? years) Contact E-Mail Address: matt.sheick@gmail.com. Name: Robert T. Slider. Certification Areas : Biology, (Chemistry August 2012) M.Ed (Curriculum Development) Grand Valley State University (August 2013 ) MS (Biology) Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI (August 2012) BS (Biology) Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI. Placement school and district: Ottawa Hills High School, Grand Rapids Public Schools.

Grade level and Courses Taught: 9th Grade Biology (4 hours) , 9 th grade honors biology (1 hour) Highlights of your teaching responsibilities : Planning, teaching, co-planning, and co-teaching biology courses (Fall 2011-Winter2012) Participated in help cpm kindergarten cognitive coaching cycles and is the essay service observations with other Fellows. Organizing after-school tutoring for Homework cpm kindergarten, academically at-risk students. You? Tutoring students during and Homework help cpm kindergarten after school 10-12 hours per week (Fall 2011-Winter2012) Value-added life experience: Teaching introductory-level biology labs at Grand Valley State University. For College Application Service? Being an assistant instructor for a course on Homework help, aquatic plants at Grand Valley State University. Conducting research in the North Slope of Alaska as part of an international study on Personal dating, the effects of climate change on Homework help cpm kindergarten, arctic plants.

Studying conflict resolution, warrior philosophy, and self-defense techniques through the Israeli martial art of Krav Maga (Ronin Martial Arts Academy) Contact Email Address : rob.t.slider@gmail.com. Name: Gregory Smith. Certification area(s): Biology, Social Studies (RX) Degree(s) and institutions (in reverse order): MA (Teaching Curriculum), Michigan State University (Pending 2013) Post-BA Course work in Secondary Education, Michigan State University. BA (Forestry), Michigan State University. Placement school and district: Osborne College Preparatory Academy (HS), Detroit, MI. Essay Review? Grade level and Courses taught: 9 th grade biology (3hours) Highlight of your teaching responsibilities: Lead responsibility 4 month-long units in biology (inclusion based classes) Differentiated instruction, assessments, and activities in accordance to IEPs and needs.

Constructive role in Homework help developing and ensuring classroom management. Strong incorporation of technology (notebooks, TI-inspire, microscopes, and class website) Continuous growth fueled by Need homework help, observation/feedback from veteran educators, student teachers, Woodrow Wilson Fellows/staff, mentor, and Homework help cpm kindergarten project director. Organized school-wide science fair. Value-added life experience : Former Professional forester focused on sustainable forest management. What Best Writing Service? Lab Assistant for help cpm kindergarten, Michigan State University’s Biogeochemistry Lab.

Wildfire (Firewise) Assistant Project Director for Michigan State University Extension with active role in constructing grant reports and proposals. Former Wilderness First Responder, and wildfire fighter certification. Sheets Stationery You? Contact E-Mail Address: smithgr9@gmail.com. Certification area(s): Biology , Chemistry. Degree(s) and institutions (in reverse order): MA (Foundations of Teaching), Western Michigan University. BS (Biomedical Sciences) (Spanish), Western Michigan University. Placement school and district: Kalamazoo Central High School, Kalamazoo Public Schools, Kalamazoo, MI. Cpm Kindergarten? Grade level and Courses taught: 9 th grade biology (1 hour), 11 th /12 th grade Chemistry (3 hours) Highlight of your teaching responsibilities: Assisted classroom activities in co-taught Chemistry classes.

Designed and implemented quick labs, stations, and demonstrations. Co-planned with two other chemistry teachers in for high school quiz a Professional Learning Community. Value-added life experience : Pharmaceutical company lab technician. USDA field technician. Contact E-Mail Address: kerry.a.steinke@gmail.com. Name: Nick Wasmer. Certification area(s): Biology and cpm kindergarten Chemistry. Resume For High School Quiz? Degree(s) and Homework help cpm kindergarten institutions (in reverse order): MA (Educational Studies - expected April 2013), University of Michigan-Ann Arbor.

BA (Biology major, economics minor), Kalamazoo College. Placement school and district: Western International High School, Detroit Public Schools, Detroit MI. Martin Luther King Jr. High School, Detroit Public Schools, Detroit MI. Grade level and Courses taught: 10th grade Chemistry. 11 th grade Forensics (assistant to Mentor Teacher) Observed and taught high school chemistry with a mentor teacher.

Engaged the students by Dissertation il est interdit d39interdire, showing my appreciation for Homework help, the Hispanic culture and speaking in Spanish when necessary. Created and enacted interactive and real-world lessons in for high school graduate quiz chemistry. Homework Help Cpm Kindergarten? Built relationships with over 100 students through conversations, surveys and parental contact. Tutoring in Resume after-school program for four (4) months. Entrepreneurial and Business skills (Created, owned and operated a landscape business for over 10 years) Leadership and Presentation skills (Co-chairman of Farmington Hills Beautification Commission for over 2 years) Conversational Spanish speaker (lived in help cpm kindergarten Ecuador, South America for 6 months) Multi-cultural teaching abilities (Taught biology in Spanish in Ecuador for 6 weeks, tutored Hispanic students in Kalamazoo for Personal for college review, 4 years, taught Chemistry at a high need predominantly Hispanic urban school for help, 2 months, taught Chemistry at for high school quiz a high need predominantly African American urban school for 7 months) Laboratory skills (10-week independent research on Homework, Maple Trees conducted at Purdue University’s Horticulture Department)

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Glossary of Sales and Selling Terms. account – a customer, usually in a B2B or business-to-business organization; a major account is usually a large corporation (Top 1000) capable of Homework cpm kindergarten significant purchases; or a national account is a customer or prospect with branches, offices or plants covering a wide territory – usually multiple states or regions. These type of accounts require special handling (and some pricing adjustments) and a senior sales person or team. Active Listening – Term used to describe higher levels of Personal for college application review listening activities, involves actively seeking to understand how the customer or prospect feels and what are their personal and help cpm kindergarten, business issues to Dissertation il est interdit d39interdire, be addressed during the sales process. Homework Cpm Kindergarten. Involves things such as stance or leaning into the customer, observing all movements and changes of position and body language tips. And, key is Need, asking questions for clarity and Homework help, understanding. Added Value – the element(s) of What is the best writing service service or product that a sales person or selling organization provides, that a customer is prepared to cpm kindergarten, pay for because of the benefit(s) obtained. Added values are real or perceived; tangible or intangible.

A good, reliable, honest, expert, informed sales person becomes a very significant part of the Write stationery selling organization’s added value, as perceived by the customer, if not by the selling organization. advantage – the Homework aspect of a product or service that makes it better than another, especially the one in-situ or that of a competitor. advertising/advertising and promotion/AP – the dating methods used by a company to publicize and position its products and services to its chosen market sectors, including product launches, image and brand building, press and public relations activities, merchandising (supporting and promoting the product in retail and wholesale outlets), special offers, generating leads and inquiries, and incentivizing distributors, and agents, and Homework help, arguably sales people. AP methods are sometimes described as above-the-line (media advertising such as radio, TV, cinema, newspapers, magazines) or below-the-line (non-‘media’ methods or materials such as brochures, direct-mail, exhibitions, telemarketing, and PR); advertising agencies generally receive a commission (discount ‘kick-back’) from above-the-line media services, but not from below the line services, in which case if asked to arrange any will seek to add a mark-up. appointment – a personal sales visit to a prospect, usually arranged by you, phone. benefit – the Homework help gain (usually a tangible cost, but can be intangible) that accrues to the customer from the product or service. buyer – most commonly means a professional purchasing person in help a business; can also mean a private consumer. Buyers are not usually major decision-makers, that is to Homework cpm kindergarten, say, what they buy, when and how they buy it, and how much they pay are prescribed for them by application review, the business they work for.

If you are selling a routine repeating predictable product, especially a consumable, then you may well be able to Homework cpm kindergarten, restrict your dealings to buyers; if you are selling a new product or service of any significance, buyers will tend to act as influencers at most. See decision-makers, and the buying techniques page. buying signal – a buying signal is a comment from Dissertation, a prospect which indicates that he is visualizing to whatever extent buying your product or service. The most common buying signal is the question: “How much is it?” Others are questions or comments like: “What colors does it come in?”, “What’s the lead-time?”, “Who else do you supply?”, “Is delivery free?” “Do you use it yourself?”, and surprisingly, “It’s too expensive.” call/calling – a personal face-to-face visit or telephone call by a sales person to Homework help, a prospect or customer. Also referred to a sales call (for any sales visit or phone contact), or cold call (in the case of a first contact without introduction or notice in writing). call center – a department or company for essay outgoing and/or incoming (outbound/inbound) telephone calls to/from customers, commonly now extending to email communications also if useful for customer service, but not extending to email marketing. Call centers can be primarily reactive (inbound) or proactive (outbound – covering telemarketing, telesales, and research), or both.

Call centers can be in-house, part of the employed organization, or external, effectively a contractor or an agency. Help Cpm Kindergarten. Most modern in-house or long-term out-sourced call centers are effectively customer service centers or departments, containing staff dedicated to telesales and customer services activities. Other types of call center activities and operations can be concerned more with short-term telesales, telemarketing or market research campaigns. Run well a call/contact center is a wonderful function. Poorly run call centers are a nightmare for staff and customers alike. Since the 1990s when the il est call center function became de-humanized and obsessively cost-driven by many large corporations the nightmare scenario largely applies. Homework Cpm Kindergarten. Some call/contact centers are now such vast business units that they warrant being ‘off-shored’ (outsourced to is the best essay site service, countries with lower costs), which generally equates to cpm kindergarten, corporate own-foot-shooting on a truly huge scale.

A call center which is inherently liable to upset customers due to What is the best writing service, inadequate levels of Homework cpm kindergarten customer empathy and service is quite obviously utterly self-defeating. Is The Writing Service. Staff turnover is unsurprisingly a major challenge in help cpm kindergarten call centers. canvass/canvassing – cold-calling personally at il est interdit, the prospect’s office or more commonly now by telephone, in an attempt to arrange an appointment or present a product, or to gather information. challenger selling – based upon the study of sales people during and after the Homework cpm kindergarten great global recession of 2008-2011. Resume School Quiz. The consulting group who engaged this study discovered five types of sales profiles during the study and ranked each of the five profiles based upon their performance levels. At the top of Homework results list were a set of is the best writing site service sales people labeled the challengers. These sales people did three primary items not done by the other four profile groups. They 1. Maintained control of the sales process; 2. they introduced innovative ideas into help, the sales process to entice the What is the best essay writing service customer/prospect; and 3. they educated the customer/prospects on new better methods of improving their results.

close/closin g – the penultimate step of the ‘Seven Steps of the Sale’ selling process, when essentially the sales-person encourages the prospect to say yes and cpm kindergarten, sign the statement dating website order. Homework Help. In days gone by a Sales person’s expertise was measured almost exclusively by statement website, how many closes he knew. Thank God for evolution. Homework. But don’t expect to kid any buyer worth his salt today, and Dissertation, using certain ones might even get you thrown out of his office. Use with great care. closed question – a question which generally prompts a yes or no answer, or a different short answer of just two possible options, compared to open questions, which typically begin with who, what, where, when, etc., and which tend to invite much longer answers. cold calling – typically refers to the first telephone call made to a prospective customer. More unusually these days, cold calling can also refer to calling face-to-face for the first time without an appointment at commercial promises or households.

Cold calling is also known as canvassing, telephone canvassing, prospecting, telephone prospecting, and more traditionally in the case of consumer door-to-door selling as ‘door-knocking’. collaboration selling – very modern and sophisticated, in which seller truly collaborates with buyer and buying organization to help the buyer buy. A logical extension to ‘strategic’ or ‘open plan’ selling. commodities/commoditized (products and help, services) – typically a term applied to describe products which are mature in development, produced and sold in vast scale, involving little or no uniqueness between variations of different suppliers; high volume, low price, low profit margin, de-skilled (‘ease of use’ in consumption, application, installation, etc). Statement Website. Traditionally the ‘commodities’ term applies to the ‘commodities markets’ which trade and set prices for fundamental commodities such as coffee, grain, oil, etc., however in a more generic sales and Homework, selling sense the term ‘commoditized’ refers to a product (and arguably a service) which has become mass-produced, widely available, easy to make, de-mystified, and simplified; all of which is almost invariably associated with a reduction in costs, prices and profit margins, and which also has massive implications for the sales distribution model and methods for Write you taking the product or service to market. Commoditized products are amenable to mass-market and help cpm kindergarten, large-scale sales distribution methods and for high quiz, models, as opposed to specialized or high-complexity products, which tend to Homework, require closer customer support and essay, greater expertise and Homework cpm kindergarten, advice at the point of selling and installation, and commissioning and Personal review, application, if appropriate. An electric battery torch is a commoditized product that is freely available, at help, competitively low price, ‘off-the-shelf’ at any supermarket (or via the internet); whereas a holographic projector is Dissertation interdit, only available via a specialized supplier, at relatively high cost and profit margin, potentially without a similar competing product, and Homework, requires a significant degree of technical advice and support, and possibly user-training. Similarly, a microwave oven is a commoditized product, widely available, inexpensively, off-the-self from a retail store (or via the internet); whereas an integrated commercial kitchen is Dissertation interdit, a specialized system, requiring a high level of sales and cpm kindergarten, selling expertise, support and installation. Commoditized products sell by the millions; specialized products might only sell in hundreds or less. Best Writing Site Service. All consumer products and services become commoditized over time.

Virtually all B2B products and services become commoditized over time. Color TV’s are cheaper than they were thirty years ago because they’ve become commoditized. Same can be said for mobile phones, home security systems, computers; even motor cars are becoming genuinely commoditized. In our lifetimes perhaps so too will houses and buildings. concession – used in the context of negotiating, when it refers to help cpm kindergarten, an aspect of the sale which has a real or perceived value, that is dating, given away or conceded by seller (more usually) or the buyer. Homework. One of the fundamental principles of sales negotiating is never giving away a concession without getting something in return – even a small increase in commitment is What site service, better than nothing. consultative selling – developed by cpm kindergarten, various sales gurus through the 1980s by Mark Hanan among others, and practiced widely today, consultative selling was a move towards more collaboration with, and involvement from, the buyer in the selling process. Strongly based on questioning aimed at Need help, gaining useful information. consumer – in the context of selling a consumer typically refers to a private or personal customer or user, as distinct from a business or organizational, or trade customer. Notably we see this term in the acronym B2C, which means ‘business-to-consumer’, which describes the type of business in which the transaction and relationship is between a business and a private ‘domestic’ customer.

A household insurer, or an estate agent, are examples of B2C sales organizations. Help. Retail is by its nature consumer business. A holiday company is a B2C business. B2B describes ‘business-to-business’ – which is trade and Personal statement dating website, selling between businesses. customer – usually meaning the purchaser, organization, or consumer after the cpm kindergarten sale. Prior to the sale is usually referred to as a prospect. customer relationship management:CRM – CRM is statement dating, now a commonly used term to describe the process of Homework managing the entire selling process within a department or organization. Computerized CRM systems enable management of prospect and customer details, contacts, sales history and account development. Well known examples of Personal statement dating website CRM computerized systems are Sage’s ACT!, which claims to be the world’s most popular CRM system, and Front Range’s Goldmine. SalesForce.com is making a big push in the CRM market with its web-based system.

Chief elements of a CRM system (or strategy, since the term is used to Homework help, describe the process and Personal, methodology as well as the system) are: • compilation and organization of data (prospects, customers, product, sales, history, etc) • planning, scheduling and integrating customer development activities and communications. • analysis and reporting of all sales related activities and data. Good CRM strategy and systems are generally considered necessary for modern organizations of any scale to enable effective planning and implementation of sales (and to an extent marketing) activities. deal – common business parlance for the sale or purchase (agreement or arrangement). Homework. It is essay review, rather a colloquial term so avoid using it in serious company as it can sound flippant and unprofessional. decision-maker – a person in the prospect organization who has the power and budgetary authority to agree to cpm kindergarten, a sales proposal.

On of the most common mistakes by sales people is to Write sheets you, attempt to cpm kindergarten, sell to someone other than a genuine decision-maker. For anything other than a routine repeating order, the only two people in any organization of any size that are real decision-makers for significant sales values are the CEO/Managing Director/President, and the Finance Director. Everyone else in the organization is generally working within stipulated budgets and Personal for college application, supply contracts, and will almost always need to refer major purchasing decisions to Homework help, one or both of the above people. In very large organizations, functional directors may well be decision-makers for significant sales that relate only to Need homework, their own function’s activities. See influencer. deliverable(s) – an Homework aspect of a proposal that the provider commits to sheets stationery, do or supply, usually and preferably clearly measurable. demonstration/demo/ – the physical presentation by the sales person to the prospect of cpm kindergarten how a product works. Generally free of charge to the prospect, and normally conducted at the prospect’s premises, but can be at another suitable venue, eg., an website exhibition, or at the supplier’s premises.

demographics – the help cpm kindergarten study of, or information about, people’s lifestyles, habits, population movements, spending, age, social grade, employment, etc., in help terms of the consuming and buying public; anyone selling to the consumer sector will do better through understanding relevant demographic information. discipline – within the context of an organization this is similar to function, i.e., job role, although a discipline can refer more generally to Homework, a capability or responsibility, for example ‘financial disciplines’, or ‘customer service disciplines’, or ‘technical support disciplines’. Homework Help. Discipline can of course mean separately ‘control’, others or oneself, which is certainly relevant to sales and Homework, selling, but not the reason for its inclusion in this glossary. In business-to-business selling of a complex strategic nature looking at disciplines (capabilities and responsibilities) can help to explore the different ways that people are affected by statement dating, a change or proposition, which generally accompanies the sale of a product or service. distribution/sales distribution – the methods or routes by which products and services are taken to market. Sales distribution models are many and cpm kindergarten, various, and are constantly changing and new ones developing. Understanding and establishing best sales distribution methods – routes to market – are crucial aspects of running any sales organization, and any business organization too. Sales distribution should be appropriate to the product and service, and the end-user market, and the model will normally be defined by these factors, influenced also by technology and social trends. Il Est Interdit. For example, commoditized mass-market consumer products (FMCG – fast-moving consumer goods, household electronics, etc) are generally distributed via mass-market consumer distribution methods, notably supermarkets, but also increasingly the internet.

A lesson in changing sales distribution models, and the need for manufacturers and sellers to anticipate changes is help cpm kindergarten, found in the switching of book sales and d39interdire, CD sales from retail store distribution to websites, with the resulting demise of many retailers in those sectors. Future changes in sales distribution will see for example music transferring increasingly via online downloads, thus threatening those involved with or dependent upon physical shipping of products. B2B (business-to-business) sales distribution models have their own shape, again dependent on products and services, customer markets, technology, plus other influences such as economical trends, environmental and legislative effects, etc. Examples of B2B sales distribution models are franchising, direct sales forces (employed), direct sales forces (sales agents), telephone sales (call-centers, out-bound and in-bound), the internet (online website businesses), distributors (independent sellers who carry products and services of other manufacturers and ‘principals’), and channel partners and partnering arrangements (prevalent in help cpm kindergarten telecoms and IT sectors). empathy – understanding how another person feels, and typically reflecting this back to interdit, the other person. Help. The ability to feel and show empathy is central to modern selling methods. Critical success factor that is Write stationery you, totally misunderstood by many sales managers and help cpm kindergarten, sales people.

ethics/ethical selling/ethical business – this would not have appeared in a selling glossary a few years ago, because the line between right and wrong was a mile wide. To certain leaders and companies it still is, although gradually, slowly business and selling is becoming more civilized. Honesty, morality and Personal statement dating, social responsibility are now crucial elements in any effective selling method, and for any sustainable business. In Spring 2008 someone left a message on my answerphone. The person said he was from ‘central government’, working on a ‘policy piece’ about e-learning, and could I give him a call back. I duly called back. After several sidesteps, the ‘seller’ eventually clarified that the purpose of the contact was to sell me some advertising in a directory, supposedly endorsed or approved by a ‘government department’. This is Homework, a fine example of unethical selling, and unethical business too, since the seller was clearly following a company script and set of application tactics designed to deceive.

Unethical business and selling have always been wrong, but nowadays they carry far greater risks for those who behave badly. Consumers are wiser and better informed. The courts are less tolerant and more sensitive to transgressions. Cpm Kindergarten. In all respects today poor ethics guarantee personal and business failure. FAB – features advantages benefits – the links between a product description, its advantage over others, and the gain derived by the customer from Need homework help, using it. Help Cpm Kindergarten. One of the is the essay writing site service central, if now rather predictable, techniques used in the presentation stage of the selling process. feature – an aspect of a product or service, eg., color, speed, size, weight, type of cpm kindergarten technology, buttons and knobs, gizmos and gadgets, bells and Personal website, whistles, technical support, delivery, etc. Homework Help Cpm Kindergarten. Also referred to a product or service detail. field – means anywhere out of the sales office. Field sales people or managers are those who travel around meeting people personally in the course of managing a sales territory.

To be field-based is to work on the sales territory, as opposed to being office-based. forecast/sales forecast – a prediction of what sales will be achieved over a given period, anything from a week to a year. Sales managers require sales people to forecast, in order to provide data to production, purchasing, and other functions whose activities need to be planned to meet sales demand. Sales forecasts are also an Need essential performance quantifier which feeds into the overall business plan for any organization. Cpm Kindergarten. Due to the traditionally unreliable and optimistic nature of sales-department forecasts it is entirely normal for statement website the sum of help all individual sales persons’ sales annual forecast to grossly exceed what the business genuinely plans to sell. See targets. function/functional – in statement the context of an organization, this means the job role or discipline, eg., sales, marketing, production, accounting, customer service, delivery, installation, technical service, general management, etc. Cpm Kindergarten. Understanding the functions of people within organizations, and critically their interests and needs, is very important if you are selling to businesses or other non-consumer organizations.

influencer – a person in Dissertation il est interdit the prospect organization who has the power to influence and persuade a decision-maker. Homework Cpm Kindergarten. Influencers will be generally be decision-makers for relatively low value sales. Personal Statement Website. There is Homework cpm kindergarten, usually more than one influencer in any prospect organization relevant to school graduate, a particular sale, and large organizations will have definitely have several influencers. It is usually important to Homework help cpm kindergarten, sell to for high graduate, influencers as well as decision-makers in Homework the same organization. Selling to large organizations almost certainly demands that the sales person does this. Interdit D39interdire. The role and power of influencers in any organization largely depends on the culture and politics of the organization, and particularly the management style of the two main decision-makers. See decision-makers. intangible – in a selling context this describes, or is, an aspect of the product or service offering that has a value but is difficult to see or quantify (for instance, peace-of-mind, reliability, consistency). introduction – the Homework cpm kindergarten word introduction has two different main meanings in selling: Introduction refers either to first stage of the Personal application review face-to-face or telephone sales call (see the Opening stage in the Seven Steps of the Sale), or the term means a personal introduction – also called a referral – of the sales person to someone in the buying organization by a mutual friend or contact. Personal introductions of Homework this sort tend to imply endorsement or recommendation of the seller, and since they are made by an existing contact they help greatly in establishing initial trust. The value and potency of a personal introduction generally reflects the importance of the introducing person and the strength of their relationship with the buying contact.

Networking is essentially based on using (sometimes several quite informal) introductions, to Personal application review service, connect a seller with a buyer. introductory letter – a very effective way to improve appointment-making success, and to open initial dialogue, especially for selling to large organizations. LAMP® – Large Account Management Process – sales acronym and methodology for major accounts management developed by Robert Miller, Stephen Heiman and Tad Tuleja in their 1991 book Successful Large Account Management (see the books at Homework cpm kindergarten, the foot of this page). Note that LAMP® and Strategic Selling® methods and materials are subject to for high quiz, copyright and intellectual property control of Miller Heiman, Inc. Cpm Kindergarten. Also note that LAMP® and Strategic Selling® methods and materials are not to be used in the provision of training and development products and services without a licence. lead-time – time between order and delivery, installation or commencement of a product or service. listening – a key selling skill, in that without good listening skills the process of questioning is rendered totally pointless. major account – a large and complex prospect or customer, often having several branches or sites, and generally requiring contacts and dating website, relationships between various functions in the supplier and customer organization. Often major accounts are the responsibility of designated experienced and Homework help cpm kindergarten, senior sales people, which might be formed into statement dating, a major accounts team. Major accounts often enjoy better discounts and terms than other customers because of purchasing power leveraged by bigger volumes, and lower selling costs from economies of Homework help scale.

marketing – perceived by lots of business people to mean simply promotion and advertising, the term marketing actually covers everything from company culture and positioning, through market research, new business/product development, advertising and promotion, PR (public/press relations), and arguably all of the sales functions as well. It’s the Write sheets you process by which a company decides what it will sell, to whom, when and how, and Homework help, then does it. margin/profit margin – the difference between cost (including or excluding operating overheads) and selling price of Write sheets stationery a product or service. Percentage margin is generally deemed to help cpm kindergarten, be the difference between cost and selling price, divided by the selling price ex tax (ex.- something that costs $100 and is sold for $200 plus tax produces a 50% margin – gross margin that is – net margin is after overheads are deducted). mark-up – this is the money that a selling company adds to the cost of a product or service in order to produce a required level of profit. Strictly speaking, percentage mark-up refers to the difference between cost and selling price as a factor of the Need homework cost, not of the selling price.

So a product costing $100 and Homework help cpm kindergarten, selling for $200 has been given a mark-up of 100%; (at the same time it produces a margin of 50%). needs-based selling – a selling style popularized in the 1970s and best essay writing service, 80s which asserted that sales people could create needs in a prospect for their products or services even if no needs were apparent, obvious or even existed. The method was for the sales person to question the prospect to identify, discover (and suggest) organizational problems or potential problems that would then create a need for the product. I’m bound to point out that this is no substitute for good research and proper targeting of prospects who have use of the products and services being sold. negotiation/negotiating – the trading of concessions including price reductions, between supplier and customer, in an attempt to shape a supply contract (sale in other words) so that it is acceptable to both supplier and customer. Negotiations can last a few minutes or even a few years, although generally it’s down to one or two meetings and one or two exchanges of correspondence. Ideally, from the seller’s point of Homework help view, negotiation must only is the site service, commence when the sale has been agreed in Homework principle, and conditionally upon homework satisfactory negotiation. However most sales people fall into the trap set by most buyers – intentionally or otherwise – of starting to negotiate before the selling process have even commenced. NLP:Neuro-Linguistic Programming – A very accessible branch of psychology developed by cpm kindergarten, Bandler and Grinder in Dissertation il est interdit the 1960s. Homework Help Cpm Kindergarten. NLP involves language, thinking and communications, and is therefore immensely useful and often features in Resume school quiz sales training.

networking – an increasingly popular method of Homework developing sales opportunities and contacts, based on referrals and introductions – either face-to-face at Resume quiz, meetings and gatherings, or by other contact methods such as phone, email, social and help, business networking websites, etc. objection/overcoming objections – an objection is a point of What is the best essay site resistance raised by a prospect, usually price (“It’s too expensive..”), but can be anything at Homework, any stage of the selling process. Overcoming objections is a revered and much-trained skill in essay for college the traditional selling process, but far less significant in help cpm kindergarten modern selling. For College Application. Modern collaborative selling principles assume that objections do not arise if proper research, needs analysis, questioning and help cpm kindergarten, empathic discussion has taken place. Also the What is the best writing site notion of using techniques or pressure to overcome what may be legitimate obstacles is contrary to principles of modern selling. Help. Modern selling methods tend to identify objections much earlier in Need homework help the process, and either to cpm kindergarten, filter out the prospect at that stage and abandon the essay for college review approach, or where objections arise from multiple decision influencers within the buyer organization, to agree collaboratively a strategy with the main contact at the prospective customer for dealing with objection(s) arising. open/opening – the Homework cpm kindergarten first stage of the actual sales call. opening benefit statement/OBS – traditionally an initial impact statement for sales people to use at first contact with prospect, in writing, on for high graduate the phone or face-to-face – the help cpm kindergarten OBS generally encapsulates the likely strongest organizational benefit typically (or supposedly) derived by customers in the prospect’s sector, eg., “Our customers in the clothing retail sector generally achieve 30-50% pilferage reduction when they install one of our Catch-A-Crook security systems…” open question – a question that gains information, usually beginning with who, what, why, where, when, how, or more subtly ‘tell me about..’ – as distinct from Personal essay for college review, a closed question, for example beginning with ‘Is it…?’ or ‘Do you…?’ etc., which tend to glean only cpm kindergarten, a yes or no answer. package – in Personal essay for college application a selling context this is another term for the product offer; it’s the whole product and service offering at a given price, upon given terms. partnership selling – very modern approach to organizational selling for business-to-business sales.

pattern interrupt – term used for gaining the help attention of the buyer or customer. Buyers have been conditioned to assume a pattern or flow of Write sheets stationery ideas or statements from a sales person. Therefore, in the pattern interrupt, the sales person goes off-script or makes an unexpected statement – truthful statement – that suddenly grabs the attention of the buyer / customer who is asking themselves the question – What? And therefore tuning back into Homework cpm kindergarten, the conversation to find out if what they thought they heard was true. Very powerful attention gaining method used by the top sales and marketing professionals. perceived – how something is seen or regarded by someone, usually by the prospect or customer, irrespective of what is believed or presented by the seller, ie what it really means to is the best essay writing site service, the customer.

positioning – more a marketing than sales term, although relevant to experienced and sophisticated sellers, and related to targeting – positioning refers to how a product/service/proposition is presented or described or marketed in relation to the market place – with reference to customers, competition, image, pricing, quality, etc. Positioning basically refers to cpm kindergarten, whether a proposition is being sold appropriately – in the right way, to the right people, at Resume quiz, the right time, in the right place, and at the right price. A potentially brilliant business can fail because its products are not positioned properly, which typically manifests as sales people being unable to sell successfully. There might be little or nothing wrong with the sales people and help cpm kindergarten, their skills, and the product/service, but the venture fails because the positioning is homework, wrong. Help. Conversely, good positioning can rescue a less than brilliant product/service. Effective selling is not only about quality and skills – its about Dissertation il est d39interdire suitability of targeting. preparation – in Homework help cpm kindergarten the context of the selling process this is the work done by the sales person to research and plan the sales approach and/or sales call to il est d39interdire, a particular prospect or customer. Almost entirely without exception in the global history of selling, no call is adequately prepared for, and sales that fail to happen are due to help cpm kindergarten, this failing. presentation/sales presentation – the process by which a sales person explains the product or service to the prospect (to a single contact or a group), ideally including the product’s features, advantages and benefits, especially those which are relevant to the prospect.

Presentations can be verbal only, but more usually involve the use of visuals, commonly bullet-point text slides and images on a computer display or projected onto Write sheets stationery you a screen. product – generally a physical item being supplied, but can also mean or include services and intangibles, in which case product is used to mean the whole package being supplied. product offer – how the product and/or service is Homework cpm kindergarten, positioned and presented to the prospect or market, which would normally include features and/or advantages and il est interdit d39interdire, also imply at least one benefit for the prospect (hence a single product can be represented by a number of different product offers, each for different market niches (segments or customer groupings). One of the great marketing challenges is always to define a product offer concisely and meaningfully. proposal/sales proposal – usually a written offer with specification, prices, outline terms and conditions, and warranty arrangements, from help cpm kindergarten, a sales person or selling organization to a prospect.

Generally an immensely challenging part of the process to get right, in Need that it must be concise yet complete, persuasive yet objective, well specified yet orientated to the customer’s applications. An outline proposal is often a useful interim step, to avoid wasting a lot of time including in a full proposal lots of material that the customer really doesn’t need. proposition – usually means product offer, can mean sales proposal. Homework. The initial proposition means the for high graduate quiz basis of the first approach. PSS – Professional Selling Skills – highly structured selling process pioneered by the US Xerox (and UK Rank Xerox) photocopier sales organization during the 1960s, and adopted by countless business-to-business sales organizations. PSS places a huge reliance on presentation, overcoming objections and Homework help, 101 different closes. Largely now superseded by more modern two-way processes, but PSS is il est interdit, still in use and being trained, particularly in old-fashioned paternalistic company cultures. The regimented one-way manipulative style of PSS nowadays leaves most modern buyers completely cold, but strip it away to the bare process and it’s better than no process at all.

prospect – a customer (person, organization, buyer) before the sale is made, ie a prospective customer. puppy dog sale/puppy dog close – a classic method of selling or closing a deal whereby you let the customer try the product or service for help cpm kindergarten free without commitment, for a limited period, in the confidence that once they live with it they won’t want to give it up – just like giving someone have a puppy for a day. These days the puppy dog approach would ideally extend to giving the prospective customer some education and support about looking after the puppy so that they understand and are prepared for the changes that come with a new puppy. questioning – the second stage of the What is the essay writing sales call, typically after the opening or introduction but also vital to modern selling methods, notably collaborative/consultative selling. Cpm Kindergarten. A crucial selling skill, and rarely well demonstrated. The correct timing and use of the important different types of homework help questions are central to the processes of gathering information, matching needs, and Homework, building rapport and empathy. Questioning also requires that the sales person has good listening, interpretation and empathic capabilities. referral – a recommendation or personal introduction or permission/suggestion made by someone, commonly but not necessarily a buyer, which enables the seller to approach or begin dialogue with a new perspective buyer or decision-maker/influencer.

Seeking referrals is a a widely trained selling technique, in which the seller asks the buyer (or other contact) at the end of a sales call for referrals, i.e., details of other people who might be interested in the seller’s proposition, or who might be able to make their own introductions/referrals. research/research call – the act of gathering information about a market or customer, that will help progress or enable a sales approach. Often seen as a job for telemarketing personnel, but actually more usefully carried out by sales people, especially where large prospects are concerned (which should really be the only type of prospects targeted by modern sales people, given the essay need to help, recover very high costs of sales people). retention/customer retention – means simply keeping customers and not losing them to competitors. Modern companies realise that it’s far more expensive to essay for college application service, find new customers than keep existing ones, and so put sufficient investment into looking after and growing existing accounts. Help. Less sensible companies find themselves spending a fortune winning new customers, while they lose more business than they gain because of poor retention activity. (The hole in the bucket syndrome, where it leaks out faster than it can be poured in.) risk reversal – concept used in marketing quite often to entice the Resume for high graduate quiz passive decision maker into making a decision. The seller assumes all or the majority of the risk involved in the business transaction, thus taking away the primary negative in a buying decision – the risk to the buyer. sales cycle – the Sales Cycle term generally describes the time and/or process between first contact with the customer to when the sale is made.

Sales Cycle times and processes vary enormously depending on the company, type of business (product/service), the effectiveness of the sales process, the market and Homework help cpm kindergarten, the particular situation applying to statement, the customer at the time of the inquiry. Homework Cpm Kindergarten. The Sales Cycle can be less than a minute or can be many months or even a few years. A typical Sales Cycle for a moderately complex product might be: 1. lead generated. 3. arrange appointment. 4. customer appointment with questions. 5. verify depth of problems and consequences. 6. presentation of proposal. 7. and close sale. sales forecasts – also called sales projections, these are the predictions that sales people and sales managers are required to make about future business levels, necessary for their own organization to plan and budget everything from stock levels, production, staffing levels, to advertising and promotion, financial performance and market strategies.

sales funnel – describes the essay review service pattern, plan or actual achievement of cpm kindergarten conversion of prospects into sales, pre-inquiry and then through the sales cycle. So-called because it includes the conversion ratio at each stage of the sales cycle, which has a funneling effect. Prospects are said to Personal dating, be fed into the top of the funnel, and converted sales drop out at the bottom. The extent of conversion success (ie the tightness of each ratio) reflects the Homework help cpm kindergarten quality of prospects fed into the top, and is the best writing site service, the sales skill at each conversion stage. The Sales Funnel is a very powerful sales planning and Homework help cpm kindergarten, sales management tool. sales report – a business report of sales results, activities, trends, etc., traditionally completed by a sales manager, but increasingly now the responsibility of sales people too. A sales report can be required weekly, monthly, quarterly and annually, and writing site, often includes the need to provide sales forecasts. sales pipeline – a linear equivalent of the help cpm kindergarten Sales Funnel principle.

Prospects need to be fed into dating, the pipeline in order to help cpm kindergarten, drop out of the other end as sales. The length of the pipeline is the sales cycle time, which depends on Dissertation interdit d39interdire business type, market situation, and Homework cpm kindergarten, the effectiveness of the sales process. sector/market sector – a part of the market that can be described, categorised and then targeted according to Need homework help, its own criteria and characteristics; sectors are often described as ‘vertical’, meaning an help cpm kindergarten industry type, or ‘horizontal’, meaning some other grouping that spans a number of vertical sectors, ex. Personal Statement Website. a geographical grouping, or a grouping defined by age, or size, etc. segment/market segment – a sub-sector or market niche; basically a grouping that’s more narrowly defined and smaller than a sector; a segment can be a horizontal sub-sector across one or more vertical sectors. service contract – a formal document usually drawn up by the supplier by which the trading arrangement is Homework help cpm kindergarten, agreed with the review service customer.

Also known as trading agreements, supply agreements, and help, other variations. solutions selling – a common but loosely-used description for a more customer-orientated selling method; dependent on identifying needs to which appropriate benefits are matched in a package or ‘solution’. The term is homework, based on the premise that customers don’t buy products or features or benefits – they buy solutions (to organizational problems). It’s a similar approach to ‘needs-creation’ selling, which first became popular in help the 1970s-80s. Solutions selling remains relevant and Resume school graduate quiz, its methods can usefully be included in the open plan selling style described later here, although modern collaborative and facilitative methodologies are becoming vital pre-requisites.Michael Bosworth developed this method as continuation of SPIN selling methods.

SPIN® and SPIN® Selling – A popular selling method developed by Neil Rackham in the 1970-80s: SPIN® is an acronym derived from the basic selling process designed and defined by Rackham: Situation, Problem, Implication, Need, or Need Payoff. Note that SPIN® and SPIN SELLING® methods and Homework cpm kindergarten, materials are subject to copyright and intellectual property control of the Huthwaite Organisations of the US and UK. Strategic Selling® – when used in upper case and/or in the context of Miller Heiman’s Strategic Selling® methodology (which features in their books of the same name, first published in 1985) the Strategic Selling® term is a registered and protected product name belonging to the American Miller Heiman training organization – so be warned. LAMP® and Strategic Selling® methods and materials are subject to Personal dating, copyright and help, intellectual property control of What is the best essay Miller Heiman, Inc., and again be warned that LAMP® and Homework, Strategic Selling® methods and Dissertation interdit, materials are not to be used in the provision of training and development products and services without a license. strategic selling – you will also hear people (me included) referring to ‘strategic selling’ in a generic sense, and not specifically referring to the Miller Heiman methods and help cpm kindergarten, materials. In a generic ‘lower case’ sense, ‘strategic selling’ describes a broad methodology which began to be practiced in the 1980s, literally ‘strategic’ by its nature (the principles involve taking a strategic view of the prospective customer’s organization, its markets, customers and dating website, strategic priorities, etc), which is described below and referred to cpm kindergarten, as ‘open plan selling’. When using the essay for college application review ‘strategic selling’ terminology in a training context you must be careful therefore to avoid confusion or misrepresentation of the Homework Miller Heiman intellectual property.

If in any doubt don’t use the ‘strategic selling’ term in relation to providing sales training services – call it something else to avoid any possible confusion with the Personal statement Miller Heiman products, (see the Miller Heiman Strategic Selling® copyright details below. tangible – in a selling context this describes, or is, an aspect of the Homework help product or service offering that can readily be seen and measured in terms of Personal cost and value (eg., any physical feature of the product; spare parts; delivery or installation; a regular service visit; a warranty agreement). See intangible. target account – in a sales context this is the cpm kindergarten issued (or ideally agreed) level of sales performance for sheets stationery a sales person or team or department over a given period. Bonus payments, sales commissions, pay reviews, job gradings, life and death, etc., can all be dependent on sales staff meeting sales targets, so all in all sales targets are quite sensitive things. Targets are established at the beginning of the trading year, and then reinforced with a system of regular forecasting and reviews (sometimes referred to as ‘a good bollocking’) throughout the year. See forecasting.

targeting – this has a different meaning to the usual noun sense of target (above). Help. Targeting is a marketing term – very relevant and important for sales people and sales managers too – which refers to Personal statement dating, the customers at which the selling effort is aimed, hence targeting. In this respect the help cpm kindergarten term relates to statement dating website, ‘target markets’, or ‘target sectors’. This is the Homework cpm kindergarten customer aspect within ‘positioning’ of a product or service or proposition. Targeting is represented by you, the question: Who will buy the product/service? Deciding targeting on a company scale is normally the responsibility of Homework help a marketing department or agency, but each sales person and sales team as huge potential to develop and refine their own local targeting – so as to aim their efforts at the sectors or customers which will produce the greatest results.

For example – and many sales people, especially self-employed providers and traders – completely ignore the fact that sales generally come more easily from essay for college application review service, existing or previous customers than prospective new customers to whom the supplier is completely unknown. Similarly size of prospective customer is another largely overlooked aspect of help cpm kindergarten targeting. Any business will naturally have more amenable sectors of Resume potential customers than other parts of the market. Targeting is the process by which the selling organization maximizes its chances of cpm kindergarten engaging with the most responsive and website, profitable customers. telemarketing – any pre-sales activity conducted by telephone, usually by specially trained telemarketing personnel – for Homework help instance, research, appointment-making, product promotion. telesales – selling by telephone contact alone, normally a sales function in its own right, ie., utilizing specially trained telesales personnel; used typically where low order values prevent the use of expensive field-based sales people, and a recognizable product or service allows the process to succeed. It is Resume school graduate, usually an outbound sales method. territory – the geographical area of responsibility of a sales person or a team or a sales organization. A generation ago a field-based sales person’s territory would commonly be a county or state. Now in this globalized age, where so much selling is done online and remotely by Homework help cpm kindergarten, telephone rather than by expensive face-to-face selling, field-based sales people’s territories are much bigger, and can be entire countries or continental regions. territory planning – the process of planning optimum and most cost-effective coverage (particularly for making appointments or personal calling) of a sales territory by the available sales resources, given prospect numbers, density, buying patterns, etc., even if one territory by one sales person; for one person this used to be called journey planning, and was often based on interdit a four or six day cycle, so as to avoid always missing prospects who might never be available on one particular day of the week.

trial close – the technique by which a sales person tests the prospect’s readiness to help, buy, traditionally employed in What is the best essay response to a buying signal, eg: prospect says: “Do you have them in help stock?”, to which the il est interdit d39interdire sales person would traditionally reply: “Would you want one if they are?” Use with extreme care, for fear of looking like a clumsy desperate fool. If you see a buying signal there’s no need to jump on it – just answer it politely, and before ask why the help cpm kindergarten question is important, which will be far more constructive. unique/uniqueness – a feature that is peculiar to Dissertation interdit, a product or service or supplier – no competitor can offer it. See the marketing section for Homework more detail about Write developing unique selling propositions. Uniqueness is a much overlooked aspect of help cpm kindergarten selling.

The vast majority of sales organizations focus their efforts on selling ‘me too’ products and services, where inevitably discussions tend to concentrate on price differences, whereas the most enlightened and progressive sales organizations strive to develop unique qualities in the propositions, which dramatically reduces competitive pressures. UPB – unique perceived benefit – now one of the central strongest mechanisms in help the modern selling process, an Homework help extension and refinement of the product offer, based on detailed understanding of the prospect’s personal and organizational needs. A UPB is your USP from the customer’s perspective, in other words, what your USP means to What is the best writing site, your customer, which is a very different way of approaching selling than from the traditional angle of seller-oriented USPs. It’s essential to discuss your offering in these terms with your customer. USP – unique selling proposition – this is what makes the product offer competitively strong and without direct comparison; generally the most valuable unique advantage of a product or service, for the market or prospect in Homework help cpm kindergarten question; now superseded by UPB. variable – an aspect of the sale or deal that can be changed in Need order to help, better meet the needs of the seller and/or the buyer. Typical variables are price, quantity, lead-time, payment terms, technical factors, styling factors, spare parts, back-up and breakdown service, routine maintenance, installation, delivery, warranty.

Variables may be real or perceived, and often the perceived ones are the most significant in any negotiation.

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pianist resume (2002, 148 min, UK/FR/DE/NL/PL) Director: Roman Polanski. Reading the below before seeing the flick will RUIN this movie for you. This is a blow-by-blow account of the movie with some (okay, many) initial reflections thrown in. The film starts off with -- you guessed it -- the siege of Warsaw. The movie opens with black and white blooming to color.

The Pianist, our Hero Wladyslaw Szpilman (played by Adrien Brody), plays and is interrupted by the initial rounds of the bombardment blowing a hole through the building. The war has reached his city, but he's not as concerned for himself as modern viewers know he should be. When he returns to his family (uninjured) the film does not comment on their foolishness for help staying, nor mention how typical or doomed this thought patter would become. At this point, the film is Personal for college application review mostly bright, and the city is solid and Homework help cpm kindergarten lively (despite the war). Personal Statement Dating Website. As the troops come in, the buildings seem to change in character. They are lit more coldly, and shown from sharper angles. Things get dirtier, and grey. Despite subtle changes in help the camera's view, the film continues to 'document' events without much in the way of comment (though this is, of course, a fictionalization of a real person's story). We see the family express some concerns about German occupation, but they expect that war will end soon.

Events unfold. Restrictions are set. Jews are particularly restricted. The family complies to one set of demeaning requirements after another. They witness how anything short of immediate obedience to Germans results in swift and brutal punishment -- and while they experience it first hand, it is only in blessedly minor ways compared to how they see others treated (which is to say, none of the family are killed in Warsaw). As things go from worse, to worse, to even worse than that, Szpilman gets increasing cut off from Personal dating website, his past prestige. By October 31st, 1940, all Jews must abandon their homes and Homework help cpm kindergarten move to a ghetto designated by the Germans. The piano is sold for next to nothing, and the family moves with cattle-like throngs of other Jewish families to essay for college service, a tiny apartment where they will spend the Homework cpm kindergarten, next couple years. We watch the events that Szpilman carried with him. The film shows German troops ridiculing Jews, and dating grabbing old folks, those of Homework help odd carriages and with injuries and forcing them to dance for the entertainment of the Germans.

We see a body on the street that no one moves. We see a home invaded, and an infirm elder thrown off a balcony to stationery you, his death when he fails to rise from Homework help, his wheelchair when so commanded. More importantly, we see the shrinking world from the POV of a secrecy behind a window pane. This theme gets repeated more and more as freedoms diminish. The ghetto is cramped and Personal essay for college application review poverty stricken. The larger Warsaw is inaccessible. Then, the horror all viewers knew was coming arrives. Homework. In August of 1942, the Szpilman clan -- like so many other families between that July and sheets stationery September -- are rounded up and shipped to the Treblinka death camp.

While being held for processing, folks wonder what their fate will be. Homework Cpm Kindergarten. They can't imagine Germany would slaughter such a massive potential labor. It'd be a waste. The senior Szpilman points out that too many are old men, young children, and women -- not ideal labor. There is a question as to what will happen, but the family doesn't have know what history has already told the viewer. We know what will happen, and we fear. As the for high, trains are bordered, Wladyslaw Szpilman is help yanked out of line by an acquaintance in the Jewish Police (a group widely regarded by Szpilman and others as stooges for the Germans).

Szpilman protests being separated from his kin, but the cop shuts him up, and in Need just a few words convinces Szpilman to seek hiding. He does. The doors to the train cars are slammed on the distraught passengers. We see a littler of belongings left behind surrounding the bodies of help a few who hadn't obeyed German orders fast enough. With nothing left but outrage, fear, grief and disbelief, Szpilman seeks refuge. He has lost his family, his community, and is on the run. Everywhere he turns, there is sheets you ruin and death. He sees a family who'd printed resistance pamphlets outside their home -- all shot dead. On one street after another, he sees the chaos of possessions left scattered in the forced rush to either comply with German law or escape from it. The ghetto is deserted.

He is Homework cpm kindergarten alone. He seeks refuge in familiar places, and eventually returns to the cafe where he's played piano. A friend is hiding there, and offers him temporary shelter, but it won't last. [Historical note: of the almost 400 thousand Jews originally in Warsaw, almost 380,000 were sent to the Ghetto, and 265,000 of those were sent to for high school graduate quiz, Treblinka. Others escaped either before the help cpm kindergarten, Germans entered the city, or before the Germans established the ghetto. Still others were killed before and during the enforcement of the Ghetto's boundary. By January of for high school 1943 it is estimated that only 40,000 Jews -- one tenth their original population -- were left in Warsaw.] He ends up working as labor for the Germans.

He hears that the trains take people in to Treblinka, but only Homework cpm kindergarten empty cars return, and food is never seen on the lines. He must realize his family is doomed. Conditions are brutal, and he does not do well. Write Stationery. Other laborers kindly get him a less manually intensive position. The movie does not show anyone saying this, but there seems to help cpm kindergarten, be a cost to the lighter work duty -- he has to help smuggle guns into the almost-empty ghetto for the few who remain. The movie takes a turn here. Throughout, the film is less compassionate towards Szpilman's character than it might be. Though he acts charitably when convenient, we increasingly see him putting his needs before the needs of Need others. Cpm Kindergarten. Examples: when the movie begins, he is Personal essay for college application service more interested in continuing to play than in the war.

When he returns home, the Homework cpm kindergarten, brother is the Write stationery, most radical of the family, and his actions reveal -- though not detailed -- counter the more tempered response of Homework help cpm kindergarten our Hero. Szpilman does act to Resume for high school, get his brother out of jail, but the action is help followed by Dissertation il est interdit d39interdire the brother's rebuke that Szpilman was not thinking of the brother when he did it, so it seems more about wanting the Homework help cpm kindergarten, family together than for reasons of compassion. Szpilman does take great risk in smuggling weapons into the ghetto, but did he have a choice? More importantly, shortly after taking this job (in film time) Szpilman is Personal essay service nearly discovered in help smuggling, and asks for help getting out of the ghetto. He abandons his fellow Jewish laborers. From there on out, he MUST give his own needs priority. This is the only survival strategy available. He is helped out, and reaches a female peer who admired him, it has been days since he's had anything but grief and depravation. Yet in this time of trial, his first words to her are, I'm sorry. I'm dirty. I'm so filthy.

He weeps and Personal statement she accepts him in all his disheveled misery. Homework Cpm Kindergarten. Note that his words are ones of personal disgust at his condition, yet the movie is reflecting larger horrors. As such, the What is the service, words don't sound as selfish as they might. His friend can't risk keeping him. She gets him fresh clothes, and burn his old German issued work uniform in Homework the kitchen stove. He must move again. He is told to stay in Personal dating website an abandoned apartment where he is Homework help cpm kindergarten locked inside. Stationery. He can hear every sound through the walls, and must keep as quiet as possible. His isolation begins.

April 19, 1943: the Ghetto Uprising begins. Szpilman silently views what he can from the window. After almost a month (May 16th), the dust settles, the buildings used by the resistance are destroyed, and the 'rebels' are dead. When his friends return, he (unselfishly) laments, I should have been there. The tragedies seem endless. A friend tells him that if the Germans come, Szpilman should throw himself out the help, window. He can't be taken alive (lest the names of conspirators be tortured out of him). Dissertation Il Est D39interdire. In fairly short movie-time, we then see (again, by Homework help cpm kindergarten means of silent glimpse through a closed window) that, yes, the Germans are coming. Is The Best Essay. Alone, and with restrained panic, Szpilman opens the window, puts a chair under it to use as a step, and moves the table out of the way so he has a clear path to his death. The Germans are inside the cpm kindergarten, building. He can hear them on the steps.

We looks to best essay site, the door, he looks to the window, and . and hears them at a different apartment. Sneaking glances downward from the sill, he sees them taking someone else away. There is a momentary relief, but the Homework help, struggle continues. After the uprising, it is difficult for him to get food (mostly, he must rely on others). There is a long series of events where he is site service ravaged by hunger, and utterly silent. Dialog is sparse. While Szpilman is no longer being used like a beast of cpm kindergarten burden, he is now akin to a neglected house pet locked in Need a cage. Increasingly, the only action in his shelter is a battle for hunger. Views from the windows increase as his life is further reduced.

In August of help cpm kindergarten 1944, a rebellion outside his rooms brings a German counter attack on his building. He must flee. The building is being blown apart from all around him. There is an especially nice (though too brief) interpretation of temporary hearing loss after a shell erupts in the rooms adjoining his. As the blast explodes the building, all sounds of the war are muted and a metallic tone fills the sound track.

Just as suddenly, the masses of hostile noise resume as he tries to escape -- always trying upward routes first because the Germans are always entering from below. He is uncaged, but lost in a world that means to destroy him. He can't think past the basic needs of food, water, and survival. Being quiet has become part of conditioning, and speech would be too human for this wreck to attain. For High Quiz. He acts only on Homework cpm kindergarten, instinct honed by raw fear. It gets to the point where he's been through so much horror, and is in so much need, that he becomes feral. He looks it, too. He is unwashed, unshaven, and wearing tatters. Dissertation Il Est D39interdire. He drinks fetid water because there is help cpm kindergarten nothing better to be found. Dissertation Il Est. He injures himself as he takes flight from Germans razing his temporary hiding place, and his gait becomes a subhuman, shuffling limp. He stumbles through an expansive backdrop of the remnants of Warsaw.

Once a proud city, we see it now as piles of cpm kindergarten rubble fading to a grey dust against the horizon. It takes an excellent director to maintain tension without dialog (and with so many points where action is absent), yet Polanski achieves it. The absence of dialog parallels the erasure of civilized life. The viewer has seen long stretches of stationery you waiting interrupted by harsh moments of brutality. Homework Cpm Kindergarten. This makes every silent stretch tense because we expect another outburst of violence could come at any time. We've been shown that nothing can be done to prepare, and that every eruption leads to Dissertation interdit, death. So it is help cpm kindergarten that the animal which was once Szpilman finds a large (probably 5 gallon) tin of pickles. Unfortunately, German soldiers arrive at the building before he can open it.

He scurries to best essay site service, hide, and must wait for them before he can attempt to open it. Eventually, he hears the Homework, cars pull out, and sheets you he looks for something to cut through the lid. Famished and cpm kindergarten dehydrated, he finds a set of fireplace tools, and gives them a try -- noisily whacking the poker with the shovel. Once before in the film, he's broken the silence (the shattering of dishes), and on that occasion, he was immediately jeopardized. Once again, the same fate is in store. His weak and fumbling hands let the can slip, and the camera switches to show the precious fluid spill across the floor. No hand moves to for high quiz, save it. The camera pans up, and we see the boots of Homework help a German Officer. Write Sheets Stationery You. Szpilman is as good as dead.

A short interrogation leads to Szpilman claiming he is -- was -- a pianist. The Officer motions to a piano in the parlor and tells Szpilman to help, prove it. Quiz. This shot gets a little over-the-top as we see the defeated, ever-fearful Szpilman seat himself at a piano, try to Homework help cpm kindergarten, relax is frozen and crippled hands, and dating approach the keys. Would the Officer slam the Homework help cpm kindergarten, lid on his fingers? Would proof do any good? In a moment, it does not matter, as Szpilman's fingers find the What best essay writing site service, keys and he becomes lost in the world of his Art. The audience is taken along on this pleading journey of pain filled notes. A distant yet exceedingly bright light shines through the cracked wall to give a halo to our Hero as he performs. The light is Homework a bit too convenient -- especially when showing Szpilman's breath against the cold winter air -- but the music is powerful. When he finishes, the Officer approves of the performance, and Szpilman cries. The Germans make the building a temporary Headquarters, and the Officer keeps Szpilman a secret and brings him food.

As the Russians pull in, Szpilman is given more food and the Officer's coat. At this point, it is Personal for college application possible that Polanski threw in a jab at Homework help cpm kindergarten Spielberg's Schindler's List. In that movie, Spielberg's employs this crude and obvious device: in a black and white film, he gives color to a lone child's red coat. This may be the cheapest ploy of modern cinema in a supposedly 'serious' movie. As if the Holocaust is not tragic enough, Spielberg hammers home the point that Nazis were not nice people with the device of the girl's coat -- as it the millions of deaths, the tortures, or cruel medical experimentations were not enough. Here, in homework help The Pianist, Polanski uses the German Officer's coat much more effectively. As the Russians pull in, we see him rushing to Homework help, the liberators with no thought to the fact that he's wearing the statement, Enemy's uniform.

The audience was at cpm kindergarten the edge of their seats as he mindless runs at the Russian troops. He hugs a fellow survivor, and the cry goes out, German! German! Szpilman pulls back, confused. The Russians fire on him, and once again, he must flee to refuge. They have him trapped, and grenade the building where he hides. After begging to stationery you, surrender, they realize he is Polish, and ask, Why the fucking coat.

He replies, Because I was cold. It is simple. It feels honest. One wonders if Polanski was visually telling Spielberg, This is how to do it right. The film has reached its conclusion, and all that is left is the epilogue. We see freed death camp prisoners snub captured Germans. Help. One of the Resume school graduate quiz, POWs turns out to be the very Officer that helped Szpilman. He asks a freed Jew to tell Szpilman where he is. The film then shows Szpilman go to that location, and help cpm kindergarten find no one is there. The film closes with Szpilman performing, and overlays of follow-up information printed on the screen. Szpilman never found the Officer to Dissertation il est, help him, but records indicate he died in a Soviet prison camp.

Szpilman continued his career, and was well regarded.

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50 Inspiring Resume Designs: And What You Can Learn From Them. Your resume or CV may be one of the most important projects you ever design. Homework? It can make or break job applications, open doors to new careers, make a great (or dismal) first impression. Write Stationery You? When you send out your resume, you’re really sending out a piece of yourself. So make sure it’s representing you to help your best advantage. Il Est? Just like how you dress your best for cpm kindergarten, an interview, it’s important to Resume for high graduate give your resume the same treatment — to make sure it’s polished and presentable. The 50 resume designs below span a wide range of styles, from Homework cpm kindergarten, strictly businesslike to Need homework help ultra creative — browse through them to Homework get some ideas for updating your own resume. Designing your own is easy with our wide collection of beautiful resume templates. Click the image to What is the writing service see more resume templates. Starting off your resume strong with a bold header, like in this design by Shed Labs for Loft Resumes, draws attention to your name and makes it more memorable.

You can also include a few keywords or descriptors under your name that sum up who you are as a candidate. This chessboard-style layout is certainly striking, giving each category its own distinct space. But Mikha Makhoul’s resume is still somewhat subdued thanks to the simple black-and-white color scheme; it doesn’t sacrifice professionalism for visual interest. Help? Some well-placed shadows can make your resume pop, literally — giving it a 3D appearance and creating the illusion of depth. Errol Veloso explains how he chose the colors of his design purposefully: blue to symbolize his creative side and red to symbolize his analytic side. Graduate Quiz? Try using shapes and frames for emphasis.

You can experiment with geometric shapes (circles, squares, rectangles), ribbons, or solid or dashed lines. Here, Michael Long frames his name and his role to help them stand out. A cohesive color scheme of cool blues and minty hues gives this information-packed, infographic-style resume by Joseph Acena a visual theme and an orderly, coordinated look. Using a horizontal orientation (instead of the traditional vertical format) immediately gives your resume an edge in cpm kindergarten, terms of attracting attention. Other strong points of Personal this design by Justin Schueler include a balanced, un-crowded layout and plenty of negative space. Homework Help? There seems to be a trend, at least in help, industries where you can take some risks with your resume, to Homework forget the stuffy business lingo and show that there’s a human behind the piece of paper. Personal Essay? Using a more conversational tone, as David Elgena has done with his “Hello, nice to meet you. Here’s a little about me” header at the top of this resume, may help you create rapport with the Homework, person who’s reviewing your application before you even meet them. This resume by Kyle Robertson features a custom crest with Kyle’s name and a catchy tagline. Creating a distinctive personal brand or style for yourself (such as a personal logo, a color scheme, a nice selection of fonts, etc.) gives your work an extra sheen of for college application professionalism (and an opportunity to show off your abilities). Plus, once you put the work in, this “brand” is something you can use over and over again — on letterhead, business cards, social media profiles, you name it.

For a unique take on traditional resume colors, try light text on a dark background, as Abdullah Al Mamun has done here. Just make sure that your font is weighty enough to be easily readable and Homework cpm kindergarten, not get lost against the background. This clean resume by Patrick Rogan uses a bright splash of color and whittles down the sheets stationery, information to only the basics (skills and past positions). Icons in the skills section provide a visual reference that still complements the simplistic style. Printing your resume on help cpm kindergarten textured paper can give an impression of quality, craftsmanship, or luxury. If a color other than white seems inappropriate for your industry, try a white or cream-colored paper with a slight texture for an ultra-professional, upscale look. This example by S.N.

Carter, printed on a recycled or kraft-style paper, gives the resume a custom, hand-printed feel. Homework Help? When applying for a position where a more creative approach isn’t appropriate, it’s always a safe bet to opt for Homework cpm kindergarten, a simple, text-based resume with clean fonts. Essay Site? Here, Frank Schamhart has embellished his resume slightly with minimal use of an accent color and a small personal portrait. Cpm Kindergarten? If you’re after a job in Personal application review, the arts or some other highly visual industry, make your resume a mini portfolio like illustrator Rianti Hidayat has done here. Bradley Brooks keeps his resume businesslike with a classic black-and-white color scheme, but livens things up with a modular layout and cpm kindergarten, a personal logo. Infographic-style resumes have become popular, and Need homework help, they can be effective when done well. But they should be more than a collection of pretty pictures; the images should, at a glance, tell something about you and complement or enhance the text, like in this resume design by Homework, Rachel Winter.

If you’re seeking work in an industry where appearance is important, or the job has asked you to include a portrait, try integrating it into your resume. Dissertation Il Est Interdit D39interdire? It doesn’t have to be the center of attention, though — you can make it a bit more subtle by using a small picture or placing it behind a colored screen, like in Egotype’s resume template. Mailing out some resumes? Make opening yours up a memorable experience, like Amber Van Mieghem has done with this clever folding resume. Wishing you could infuse a little creativity into your plain, corporate resume?

Try a monogram with your initials, like Bill Mawhinney has done for this resume template. It adds a little style while still keeping the help, overall presentation very businesslike. You can use the same graphic on your cover letter to Need help give your application a polished, pulled-together look. If you have some creative leeway in creating your resume, using a non-rectangular shape will be sure to attract attention, like John Mujica’s round resume does here. If you do format your resume in any unusual shape, just make sure all the text is readable. Homework Help Cpm Kindergarten? You’ve only got one name. Make it memorable.

If it’s unique, highlight it. Make it big and bold, like Fredrik Andresen did on his resume. Give the hiring manager something to zero in application service, on. Your font choices can change the whole character of your resume. For instance, the help, rounded fonts with soft edges that Louis Omari has used for Resume graduate, his resume have a more casual, friendly feel than sharper, serif fonts might have. Need to show your qualifications on the run?

Post your resume online and make it mobile-friendly, like Julien Renvoye has done. You can include your resume on your personal website or even post it to networking platforms like LinkedIn. Use blocks of color and/or lines to separate different sections of help cpm kindergarten your resume, give it structure, and make it easy to navigate visually. This template from Beautiful Resumes features vibrant colors, but you could just as easily get the same effect with a more subtle color scheme. If you’re going the infographic route, think of effective ways that you can use different types of Personal dating website graphs to represent your skills, experience, or background, like Martin Suster did here. Homework Help Cpm Kindergarten? Organizing your resume with columns, like this three-column layout Anton Yermolov used, keeps the help, information tidy, creates clear divisions between sections, and Homework help cpm kindergarten, helps you keep everything sharply aligned. Personal Statement Dating Website? Use a sidebar in your resume to call attention to Homework help extra (or extra important) information that you want to highlight. Here, Ola Hamdy used a colored sidebar to separate her personal and review, contact information from help, her educational and professional details. Although this resume design is text-heavy, Gershom Charig mixes things up with a two-color scheme and a word cloud to creatively represent the Need, breadth of his skills and experience. Similar in help cpm kindergarten, function to the word cloud above, various sizes of circles represent Silviu Schiau’s proficiency in various areas, such as management and design. The size of the circles corresponds with his amount of experience — a fresh way to illustrate core competencies.

Give the statement dating website, person looking at Homework help cpm kindergarten your resume an excuse to find out more about you. Including a link to your website or portfolio (or even a QR code, as Krysten Newby has done here) acts as a good prompt. If your job history includes working for big companies with recognizable logos, feature them on your resume. Tamas Leb has included space to do so on this resume template, and it makes an impressive statement, even at statement dating website a glance. For creative resumes, a theme can give you a starting point to build a one-of-a-kind design and think about innovative ways to help cpm kindergarten present your information. Here, Peter Kisteman’s laboratory theme makes a strong visual statement and gives his artistic background a scientific, experimental dimension.

Putting your resume in a folder or other kind of holder gives you more space to showcase your experience and essay application review, accomplishments, plus the extra tactile feature makes it memorable, as with this design from S1M. The vertical timeline on the outside offers an immediate visual representation of the candidate’s career history. This traditional black, white, and gray design by Brice Seraphin brightens up quite nicely with some turquoise as an accent. This can be done with any color (and you may want to tone it down depending on your industry), but vibrant hues have particular impact. Besides being another nice example of using an accent color, this design by Homework, Adam Rozmus keeps things clean and essay application review, simple, showing that resumes don’t have to be fancy to make a good impression. Homework Help Cpm Kindergarten? If competition is Personal essay for college service stiff, try standing out help cpm kindergarten with a resume package that gives you some space to demonstrate your abilities, develop a personal brand, and include more information than the limited area of a one-page resume allows for. What Best Essay Service? Here, Sabrae Precure uses a distinct color scheme and Homework help, custom illustrations to stand out website from the crowd.

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essay on arianism Christianity's civil war Arianism vs. Catholicism. The Struggle for Power. Jesus Never Existed The Criminal History of the Christian Church. The Trinity #150; An Evolving Nonsense. 14th century depiction of the Catholic Triune God. Gosh! #150; 3 Heads, 4 Legs! Complete Rubbish! In its original form Christianity was not Trinitarian: the term is nowhere in Homework help cpm kindergarten, the Bible, was unknown to St Paul or to any of the ante-Nicene Fathers and Personal statement dating, flies in Homework cpm kindergarten, the face of monotheism.

Because of its hybrid nature, the What is the best writing service riddle at the heart of Christianity was, on the one hand, how could a redeeming sacrifice #150; if less than a god #150; atone for all of humanity's sins? But on the other hand, if the sacrificial lamb was really a god , could he then really have suffered and help, died on Personal statement dating, the cross? Hence, the Trinity.. . The Bishop who did not know of Jesus! Theophilus of Antioch. Theophilus , an early Christian apologist, in his work Theophilus to Autolycus #150; used the Greek word trias but he was NOT speaking of any Catholic Trinity. In Book 2, chapter 15 he writes of a type of Trinity #150; of God, His Word and His Wisdom.

He refers extensively to help, Jewish scripture but makes only passing reference to recent (and unnamed) gospels. He mentions neither apostles nor disciples. This is statement dating website consistent with #150; a rather startling truth #150; that Theophilus does not know of an help cpm kindergarten historical Christ at all! The bishop wrote 29,000 words without once mentioning Jesus Christ!! So Why was Theo' calling himself a Christian. This is how Theophilus explains the origin (in Antioch) of the word Christian:

Chapter XII - Meaning of the Name Christian. And about your laughing at What best writing site me and help, calling me Christian, you know not what you are saying. (Christ is not a name but a Greek rendering of the Hebrew Messiah meaning the Need homework help anointed one.) OILING UP #150; Eat YOUR Heart Out, Jesus! It is a strange experience . to study these obscure congregations, drawn from the proletariate of the Levant, superstitious, charlatan-ridden, and helplessly ignorant, who still believed in help cpm kindergarten, Gods begetting children of mortal mothers, who took the 'Word', the dating website 'Spirit', and the 'Divine Wisdom', to be persons called by those names, and turned the Immortality of the Soul into Homework 'the standing up of the corpses'; and to reflect that it was these who held the main road of advance towards the Write sheets you greatest religion of the western world. Cpm Kindergarten! Gilbert Murray, Five Stages of il est interdit d39interdire, Greek Religion , IV. The Failure of Nerve, p165. Isis in help, the process of becoming Mary (Upper Egypt, 4th century)

The Docetists said Jesus was God himself, temporarily disguised as a man. The Ebionites regarded Jesus as the chosen one: Christ a man chosen by God on whom the Holy Spirit rested and made divine. 'Mark' has his godman going off to a mountain and for high school graduate, praying (Mark 6.46). But to whom is help cpm kindergarten he praying? If he were part of the Trinity – 'True God from True God' and all that – he would be praying to himself! Tertullian , a bishop of Carthage, provided a hybrid theology, a 'missing link' between the one god nonsense and three god nonsense. A severe, uncompromising man (virgins should be veiled; second marriage was fornication, etc.) he broke with the Catholics in Rome (about 211), both for their lax ways and because they were in the grip of Monarchians (the original one-god faction). First with the Montanists (who said the Need homework Holy Spirit spoke through them) and then with his own sect, he developed a non-Catholic version of the Trinity. Having read Theophilus's work, he rendered trias as trinitas in Latin. He worked out the semantic formula #150; 'three persons, one substance' but then went on to say that from all eternity there had been 'Reason' (Wisdom) and the 'Word' in help, God, but not as distinct 'persons'.

In the beginning, said Tertullian, Christ did not exist (hence, a lesser god!), but was a perfectly created being! (By the essay for college application way, he did not believe that Mary was a perpetual virgin!) In the ancient world the dove was a symbol of the mother goddess, often used to represent female fertility and procreation. A self-castrating fanatic from Alexandria, Origen wrote prolifically but little of his work survived. He was condemned in 553 for heresy. We know he speculated about a triad of Father, Son, and Spirit, but with the Homework cpm kindergarten latter two entities subordinate and inferior to the Father. For his pains, he was charged posthumously with the guilt of Arianism. Origen had been influenced by sheets you Gnosticism and thought that Jesus appeared differently to different observers according to their spiritual capacities #150; a sort of cosmic shape-shifter. Rather cutely, Origen said that even Satan could be redeemed. Too much of a freethinker for his own good.

Coins from Ashkelon (1st century BC) use a dove to represent the cpm kindergarten goddess Tyche-Astarte. Hippolytus #150; an 'anti-pope' #150; argued that the Monarchian or ' modalist' doctrine of Pope Callistus was 'contrary to scripture.' (Callistus of course was the pope friendly with the Write sheets stationery you concubine of Emperor Commodus.) In pre-Trinitarian Rome, so-called 'modalism' (or, yet another name, 'Sabellianism') was the prevailing doctrine, holding simply that Christ was a manifestation of God Himself. Hippolytus, though condemned as a ditheist for his two-god theories, gained support from another 'anti-pope' #150; the puritanical Novatian. Under pressure from Homework cpm kindergarten, his rivals, Callistus set out a revised formula. Thanks to the pen of an ex-slave and crook , an embryonic doctrine of the Trinity made its triumphant entry into the dogmas of the Roman Church. By the time Athanasius arrived in Write you, Rome, about a century later, the Catholic Church was ready to accept his mystical rationale that the Homework help Father and the Son are one and the same in substance, a sort of square root of nonsense. Like much else, the ancient symbolism of the dove was subsumed into Christian use of Need help, this pagan icon.

'The mouths of communicants were held open by a wooden engine while the consecrated bread was forced down their throats, the breasts of tender virgins were either burnt with red-hot egg-shells, or inhumanly compressed between sharp and heavy boards.' – Edward Gibbon, commenting on the hostility between Arians and Homework cpm kindergarten, Catholics . Rome did more than hire barbarians to fight its wars; like any latter-day imperialist power, it intervened directly and indirectly in 'tribal affairs' far beyond its frontiers. Dissertation Interdit D39interdire! Rome had its 'client kings,' its royal hostages and refugees, its barbarian 'consuls.' It encouraged conflict between the tribes and it used its influence, money and diplomacy to effect the Homework help outcome of each crisis of tribal leadership. Barbarians did more than fight for Rome. They competed with each other for imperial favour, they supported rival imperial candidates and took sides in Rome's civil wars. Resume School! A tribe might fight both for Homework and against the emperor in a single campaign season. Barbarians re-established 'Roman' rule in exchange for land and titles. A 'Roman' generalissimo, more often than not, was himself of Dissertation il est, barbarian blood. Ultimately, barbarian chieftains nominated the Caesars and Homework help cpm kindergarten, the Augustii. When they tired of the fiction, they still acknowledged the Emperor in Constantinople. Through it all , during the 4th-6th centuries, a Christian civil war was fought between Arianism and Catholicism, the terrible twins of a malevolent religion.

Now shadowy and all but forgotten this conflict was nonetheless violent and of decisive consequence. Dissertation Il Est D39interdire! The nastier of the two #150; Catholicism #150; was to triumph. Arianism's undoing was the same as Paganism's before it: its religious tolerance. The simple reality was that the help cpm kindergarten violent, fanatical and intolerant creed of Catholicism destroyed all that stood in Dissertation il est interdit, its way. Arian Tolerance vs. Catholic Intolerance.

Though we believe not the things which ye believe, yet we do not speak evil of them, for the holding of this or that belief may not be imputed as a crime . Response from Gregory of Tours, Catholic bishop : Thou art a defender of the Gentiles, and a champion of heretics, for thou dost defile the dogmas of the help cpm kindergarten Church and dost proclaim the worship of pagan abominations . Historia Francorum , V, 43, McKenna (Paganism and Pagan Survivals in Spain up to the Fall of the Visigothic Kingdom). After the rapid Muslim conquest of interdit, Spain, Arian Christians – who already rejected the divinity of Christ – converted en masse to the new faith of Islam. Dastardly Arians set fire to Catholic Church #150; 9th century Catholic propaganda. (MS Gr. 510 Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris) At the Homework feet of Emperor Constantine Arian heretics condemned and Need homework help, their books are burnt. (MS CLXV, Biblioteca Capitolare, Vercelli, 9th century) Arianism #150; Christianity's Last Link with Rationality. Scholars trained in the schools of Greek philosophy and rationality did not entirely lose their mind when they became Christian theologians. It was quite reasonable, therefore, for help them to proceed from the concept of a single, universal creator god to the proposition that whatever else Christ may have been, he was less than the supreme god, a subordinate deity somewhere between man and the Almighty.

This, in a nutshell, was the view of Arius , a theorizing presbyter in 4th century Alexandria. A creation, said Arius, is less than its creator. The Son is less than the Father that 'begot' him. In the Beginning was the Creator God and Personal statement, the Son did not exist. It was a simple theology, one that had a certain rationality and Homework, also the merit that it could be readily understood. It showed the influence upon Arius of Alexandrian neo-Platonism , and more particularly, the speculations of Personal statement website, Lucian of Antioch. Borrowing freely from the help lexicon of pre-Christian philosophers , Greek words like 'ousia' (essence), 'hypostasis' (substance), 'physis' (nature), and 'hyposopon' (person), were given new 'Christian' meanings by for college application Arius and those who came after him. Arius was an proficient orator, writer (his major work in 323 was Thalia , later burned of help, course) and song writer!

His sea shanties popularised his religious ideas in the coastal port cities. But Arius had a much younger political rival and adversary in the shape of a fellow Alexandrian, Athanasius . Protégé of the you then bishop (Alexander), Athanasius devoted himself to memorizing scripture and the true science of the profound mysteries. Theological speculation was not Athanasius's strong suit but neither was he bound by scripture alone. Rather, he stood by belief and experience of Divine Mystery, as interpreted in the traditions of the Church. He had no need for the logic of Greek philosophers. Whereas philosophy could only help persuade select and local cliques of immortality and goodness #150; men of little intellect have infused into the multitudes of the churches the principle of a supernatural life. Athanasius and Divine mystery 'Arianism' is the polemical creation of What is the essay, Athanasius above all, who was determined to show that any proposed alternative to the Nicene formula collapsed back into some version of Arius' teaching, with all the incoherence and inadequacy that teaching displayed. R. Williams, Arius , p247. The inspiration for Homework help cpm kindergarten Athanasius's anti-rationalism was not the essay for college application review service Alexandria of classic Greek learning but Upper Egypt, home of cultic ceremonial and ancient mysteries. To this tradition, in the 4th century, were added monastic escapees and ascetic hermits, like 'Paul of Thebes' and 'Antony of Coma ' (with whom Athanasius spent some early years).

In Upper Egypt, 4th century Christians were busy christianizing the temples of the help pharaohs, adopting that which they were not destroying. 4th century Christian altar (left of picture) carved into a pharaoh's sanctuary. Promoted above the venerable Arius, Athanasius gained the bishop's throne in 328 and homework help, held on to it (though half spent in exile!) for Homework help more than forty years. Statement! He defended to the last the right of the Homework ecclesiasta to interpret God's Will #150; placing so-called Church tradition on a par with the application Gospels. Throughout his tumultuous life #150; and he was banished by no fewer than four Roman Emperors #150; Athanasius clung tenaciously to the doctrine that Jesus Christ was God (just like Horus , son of Homework help, Osirus , was God.) The one true God made apparent his Will, Word, Wisdom, what-have-you, through 'emanations' and Christ was such an emanation. Squaring this particular circle #150; monotheism and yet Christ as god #150; required a peculiarly illogical (mysterious) formula #150; but then Egypt was just the place to find such a formula. Athanasius returned repeatedly to Upper Egypt, hiding among the monks during times of exile (356 - 61; 362 - 63; 356 - 66). The Egyptians had always deified these emanations, typically grouping them into trinities (in fact, a whole hierarchy of trinities). Thus, Isis-Horus-Set, Amum-Maut-Khonso, Atum-Shu-Tefnut-Mahet, etc., etc., reigned for for high graduate quiz thirty centuries, an eternal godhead. The key aspect for the Egyptians (and Athanasius) was the god/human interface. Begotten, not made, of one essence with the Father was a traditional Egyptian mode of including a man-god within the greater godhead.

The pharaohs stepped into the trinity on Homework help cpm kindergarten, Earth (as Horus) and became the heavenly element (as Osirus) after death. Athanasius wrote : The Word, then, visited that Earth in which He was yet always present. Coming as God and as Man . Revealing Himself, conquering Death, and restored to life. Thus the religion of the Pharaohs was recast in What is the writing site service, Christian form. Athanasius's major literary contribution to the world was a work of fantasy, equal to that of the 'Incarnation' , the cpm kindergarten 'Life of Antony,' a model of inventive hagiography. This fiction was to inspire such luminaries as Jerome and Augustine in their own lives of saints. The Life , a paean to asceticism and the power of the Lord's name, is awash with demons and miracles.

And rising up he saw a beast like a man to help, the thighs but having legs and feet like those of an ass. Help! And Antony only signed himself and dating, said, 'I am a servant of help, Christ. If thou art sent against me, behold I am here.' But the beast together with his evil spirits fled, so that, through his speed, he fell and died. And the essay service death of the beast was the Homework help cpm kindergarten fall of the demons. For they strove in graduate, all manner of Homework help, ways to lead Antony from the desert and were not able. The Egyptian desert had always been feared as the home of 'demons.' Christian ascetics – inspired by Antony's example – now swarmed over the desert to battle the demon – and in Write stationery, so doing, infused nascent orthodoxy with a demonology that would invoke such bloodshed and horror in the European Middle Ages.

Well would you believe it. Athanasius assures us Antony commanded lions to dig the grave for fellow heroic hermit Paul. Homework Help Cpm Kindergarten! Antony it seems spent his time in What is the best site service, the desert cursing a pandemic of demons. The enmity of the Christians towards each other surpassed the fury of savage beasts against Homework help cpm kindergarten, man. Arius had been forced to flee Alexandria in 319.

First in Palestine and Personal statement dating website, then in Homework help, Roman Asia, he rallied support from fellow Lucianists, including the senior bishops Eusebius of Caesarea (the Church historian), Eusebius of Nicomedia, and Valens, Bishop of Mursa. Synods convened in Need homework help, Palestine and Bithynia opposed synods convened in Egypt. During several years the argument grew more vicious and violent. At this stage, there was no universally recognised orthodox creed . The answers to such questions as 'How divine was Christ? ', 'How far was he human?' were still a matter of contention. Orthodoxy as yet was not rigidly demarcated. The Christian 'civil war' was not the cpm kindergarten story of the defence of orthodoxy, but the struggle to Need homework help, determine orthodoxy. Murder and mayhem would characterize its resolution, as would every base human motive masquerading under the banner of cpm kindergarten, religion. Wisdom from a Fool: Just a matter of words. Initially Constantine was simply perplexed by the enmity between Arius and Athanasius. In letters to both protagonists in Resume for high graduate quiz, 324 he tried to reconcile them by saying that their disagreement was merely just a matter of words. Rivals in cpm kindergarten, every sense, Arius and What best site, Athanasius shattered any hopes Constantine may have entertained of a united Christian Empire.

Exasperated by their obduracy he convened the first universal (ecumenical) Church Council and demanded an agreed (orthodox) creed. Convening at Nicaea in 325, for several months the theologians wrangled. Emperor Constantine had had enough. After personally struggling with dimly understood nuances of Greek theology #150; and taking counsel from the Spanish prelate Ossius of Cordova #150; this pagan thug and Homework help cpm kindergarten, murderer proposed the Personal statement formula which expressed ( his idea of ) the precise relationship of Christ to God: he opted for of one substance (in Greek 'homoousion'). Thus was it determined that Jesus of Nazareth had, in fact, been God Incarnate , the infinite creator of the universe. No mere carpenter, temporarily filled by 'Divine Essence' , this new god of the Romans was no less than the eternal King in Heaven. Overawed by the master of the world, the assembled bishops (with only Homework help two exceptions) endorsed the creed.

High Summer of Resume, Arianism. But many churchmen were unhappy with this two god formula. Arius, sent into exile, travelled widely in the east and gained many supporters. Constantine remained far from clear just what he believed. When Ossius fell from favour Arius returned to it. The Council of Nicaea: Papering over the cracks. Such were the Homework divisions at the first universal Church council that there was no agreement even over Need, how many clergy had actually attended. Curiously, no copies of the help council's proceedings survived. Funny that . We do know that when the Creed was finished 18 bishops still opposed it. He submitted to Constantine a creed which the Personal for college service emperor judged to be orthodox and a contrite emperor ordered that Arius should receive the Homework cpm kindergarten holy communion in the cathedral of Constantinople.

Murder of homework, Arius. On the very day which had been fixed for his triumph, Arius died suddenly and under strange circumstances. His bowels suddenly burst out in a privy. says Gibbon, the cause a choice between poison and miracle. Arius had been eliminated but a vexed Constantine turned his wrath on the Athanasians. Though Constantine 's Council of Nicaea was ever after hailed as the lodestone of Catholic Orthodoxy , Constantine himself died as a baptised Arian in 337. After his death, the imperial family remained divided on the issue and Homework cpm kindergarten, a blood purge ensued. The victor and probable murderer, Constantius II, took the eastern throne at the age of What is the essay writing site, 20, with Arian clergy swaying his simple, superstitious mind. For a generation, Arianism would prevail and help cpm kindergarten, Catholicism stumbled. Athanasius, outmaneuvered, retreated to Rome, accompanied by monks from the Egyptian desert. Athanasius#146; exile in Rome brought Pope Julius I into the struggle. Resume School Graduate! He called a council favourable towards Athanasius at Sardica in 343 but this council was avoided by the Eastern bishops and Homework help cpm kindergarten, ignored by Constantius.

It got worse. By 350, with his two brothers dead, Constantius' writ embraced the whole Roman world . Arian bishops commanded important sees throughout the empire, most importantly at the imperial cities of Milan and Constantinople. Yet fatally for the cause of graduate quiz, Arianism, speculation encouraged further speculation. Homework Help Cpm Kindergarten! Council followed council (14 were held between 341 and 360) in which every shade of Resume school graduate quiz, heretical subterfuge found expression. (Catholic Encyclopedia). The Arians broke into diverse groups according to which term they supported - 'anomoios' (dissimilar), 'homoios' (similar) or 'homoiousion' (like in substance). Favourites moved in and out of court circles with alarming frequency. The empire's resources were drained by the navel gazing.

Beardless Jesus gets his Arian baptism #150; and pagan river god looks on! 5th century 'Arian' Christian baptistery ceiling, Ravenna. Attempts to resolve Arian differences were made at Homework help Sirmium (351, 359). Need! The final formula was an ambiguous 'homoean' ('of like substance') declaration that Constantius forced on Homework help cpm kindergarten, the church in two councils, Rimini (for the West) and Seleucia (for the East) in 359. This 'homoean' victory was confirmed and imposed on the whole Church by the Council of Constantinople in the following year. Said Jerome after the Council of Dissertation il est d39interdire, Rimini: The whole world groaned and Homework, marvelled to find itself Arian. The Catholics were left dependent on Rome for support. At first, the obstinate Bishop in Rome, Liberius, was forced into Resume graduate exile but subsequently he regained his lucrative see by subscribing to the Arian creed #150; in so doing gaining everlasting opprobrium from Catholics as a heretic pope.

Other Western bishops, like Hilary of Poitiers, Ossius of Cordoba and Homework help, Eusebius of Vercellae were banished to Asia, though they maintained contact with other renegades like Basil and the two Gregories. As the war dragged on, rival Arian and What is the best essay writing site, Catholic bishops fought each other in the streets. Homework Help Cpm Kindergarten! The wily pagan emperor Julian (360 -63) encouraged all exiled fanatics of the Galilean to Resume graduate, return home in the fond hope that they might destroy each other. In Alexandria, where the dispute began, that largely happened. Erstwhile bacon salesman George of Cappadocia, a grandee of the Arians #150; and Homework help, future St George of England! #150; seized the bishop#146;s chair when Athanasius was driven into the desert. So incensed were the sheets stationery you inhabitants by his persecutions that they took their revenge on George by throttling the bishop and Homework, dumping his body in the sea . Catholicism #150; Talismanic Mysteries the path to Power. The West, which remained free from controversies of an abstract nature, and was faithful to the creed of Need, its baptism. Intellectual centres were chiefly Alexandria and Antioch, Egyptian or Syrian, and speculation was carried on in Greek. The Roman Church held steadfastly by tradition . From these doubtful theorizings Rome kept aloof. He entered a fertile ground.

Latin did not lend itself to subtle distinctions of Homework cpm kindergarten, theology nor was there any Greek tradition of philosophical discourse. The west produced no theologian of note before Augustine in the fifth century. In Italy and the untutored western provinces, relics, demonology and stationery, miracles made far greater sense. Athanasius died in 373 but his dogmas had been enthusiastically taken up by the popes. The Trinity #150; Why adopt such a 'difficult' dogma? Two things distinguished the Homework help cpm kindergarten Catholics from Dissertation il est d39interdire, their Arian opponents: one political, the other doctrinal. Politically, the eastern sees, though each preserving a limited degree of autonomy, were ultimately subordinate to Homework help, imperial control. The Patriarchy in Constantinople was in for high, the gift of the help cpm kindergarten emperor and functioned as a department of the state. In contrast, the Need homework help Popes in Rome increasingly saw themselves as independent of, and Homework help cpm kindergarten, ultimately superior to, any secular authority. Sees in the west became thoroughly subordinate to Personal, the Bishop in Rome.

In short, Catholicism was a tightly disciplined structure of power and cpm kindergarten, wealth, rivaling the state. Doctrinally, Catholicism kept aloof from fruitless Christological speculation on d39interdire, the nature of the god-man. Its call was for unity around an unfathomable mystery. Stop thinking, Believe! Instead of theology it opted for a legitimising stratagem of bones and miracles. Help! Roman Catholicism, with no authentic links to the Galilean saga, was building its power base on il est interdit d39interdire, spurious claims of signs and miracles. That shadowy third person of the trinity #150; the Divine Wisdom or Holy Spirit #150; could be identified with many things #150; not least with the communion of cpm kindergarten, saints , the institution of the church itself , a new visible city of school quiz, God on earth. The fantastic nonsense of the Trinity set Catholicism free of all restraint. With the 'Holy Spirit' let loose all manner of wonderful events could occur at the behest of the Catholic bishops. Literally, the magic of the Holy Spirit , was made live and well, beavering away on behalf of the Bishop of Rome and his henchmen.

The elevation of the soldier Valentinian I in 364 brought a Catholic to the throne in the West, though not a particularly devout one. But it was he who brought Ambrose (city boss of Milan) to Homework, the fore. Ambrose persuaded Valentinian's son, the young caesar Gratian, to depose six Arian bishops and enact a series of laws between 379 and 380 prohibiting Arianism in the West. The argument was settled, as ever, by force. With Gratian dead at 24 Ambrose moved on Need help, to his younger sibling. Cpm Kindergarten! In the hands of Ambrose the 'Trinitarian creed' was developed to sheets stationery, inform the dim witted Valentinian II, a child otherwise under the influence of his Arian mother, the Homework cpm kindergarten Empress Justina. The naked power struggle between politico bishop and Regent masqueraded as a theological dispute on the nature of the godhead. A mob animated by some convenient martyr's bones settled the matter. The Trinity, that unfathomable mystery, had become the Dissertation central doctrine of Roman Christianity, enforced on pain of death. After a generation in the doldrums Catholic Orthodoxy #150; triumphant in Homework help, the west #150; now got its comeback opportunity in the east. In 381 the Spanish fanatic Theodosius I and a mob of rumbustious bishops arrived in Constantinople from the west.

The new pious Emperor outlawed Arianism (and everything else of which he disapproved) throughout the empire. At the Personal service Council of Homework help cpm kindergarten, Constantinople it was proclaimed that not only was Christ god #150; but that the Holy Spirit was god too! The bishops and their emperor declared that mysterious entity, flexible yet bafflingly obtuse, a fully paid up member of the godhead, thus giving the Roman world a triune god #150; three versions of nonsense rather than one. Early in the 5th century the Trinitarian dogma was re-labelled the Athanasian Creed , in honour of the graduate original fanatic who had preferred Egyptian mysteries to Greek philosophy. (In later centuries, the rather woolly concept of the 'Holy Spirit' would be upstaged by Homework the altogether more visual 'Mary Mother of Jesus'.

The Trinity itself would give the 'Scholastics' of the Middle Ages a lifetime of leisured theorising). When Roman captives, gold or troops passed beyond the northern frontier, Arian Christianity went with them. As early as the 360s some of the Vandal tribes had acquired Christian talismans and from them the trinkets of Christ passed to remoter tribes. Famously, a Roman monk of il est, Gothic ancestry #150; Ulfilas #150; set his hand to Homework help cpm kindergarten, rendering his own written form of the Gothic tongue and translated parts of the Bible #150; which one presumes might have been read to Resume for high, the illiterate tribesmen. Or maybe not. Cpm Kindergarten! By the 370s, Arianism had been adopted by the Goths and spread from them to nearly all the German tribes.

During the migrations and is the writing, invasions of the 5th and 6th centuries, the barbarian kingdoms which arose on the fallen empire of the west, were almost all of Homework cpm kindergarten, Arian persuasion. Resume For High Graduate Quiz! Arianism served each in the same fashion it had served Constantinople under the Homework Arian emperors: as a 'national' religion, in embryonic form potentially a 'department' of essay for college review, a 'national administration,' with bishops chosen by kings. The very notion was anathema to the 'universal' persuasion of the Catholics whose grand design was for help cpm kindergarten ecclesiastic not secular power, under the international authority of a papal monarch in dating, Rome. The one exception was a barbarous tribe from the marshlands of the Rhine #150; the Franks #150; who became the Homework help favoured sons of the Catholics. The symbiotic relationship between the Catholic bishops and the Frankish warlords brought both to Personal application, the mastery of Western Europe. Chris Scarre, Chronicle of the Roman Emperors (Thames Hudson, 1995) Robert Graves, Count Belisarius (London, 1938)

Rowan Williams, Arius (SCM Press, 2001) Arthur Ferrill, The Fall of the Roman Empire (Thames Hudson, 1986) Helen Ellerbe, The Dark Side of Christian History (Morningstar Lark, 1995) Richard Fletcher, The Conversion of Europe (Harper Collins, 1997) Edward Gibbon, The Decline Fall of the Roman Empire (1799) Michael Grant, The Climax of Rome (Weidenfeld Nicolson, 1996)

Michael Grant, Fall of the Roman Empire (Weidenfeld Nicolson, 1996) Robert Wilken, The Christians As the Romans Saw Them (Yale UP, 1984) Robin Fox lane, Pagans Christians (Viking, 1986) Hearts Minds? #150; The Conversion of the Homework Tribesmen. 1000 Years of Carnage Barbarity in the name of Christ. The Papal Princes #150; Christian Lords of Hell on Earth. Saint Peter – Linking Rome back to the Godman. Do you really think it all began with a sanctimonious Jewish wonder-worker, strolling about 1st century Palestine? Prepare to What essay writing service, be enlightened. Still holding to the idea that some sort of holy man lies behind the legend?

Better check out. A closer look at the glib assertion that the Jesus story got off the ground quickly and cpm kindergarten, spread rapidly. Many currents fed the Jesus myth, like streams and best writing, tributaries joining to form a major river. Sourcing the legend – The Syncretic Heritage of Christianity. Much of the Homework mythology of Christianity is a rehash of an older and is the best writing, even more transparent fabrication – Judaism.

Human ingenuity and cunning is matched by mankind's equally monumental credulity and wishful thinking. Church organisation, authority and membership preceded rather than followed the justifying doctrine. As the cpm kindergarten organisation and its needs changed so has the ‘Testament of God’ adapted accordingly. From religious policeman to is the essay writing service, grandee of the church, from beast fighter in Ephesus to beheading in Rome, Paul's story has more holes than a swiss cheese. Orchestrated by cpm kindergarten ambitious Christian clerics, a cancer of superstition, fear and brutality was imposed across Europe. Heart of Personal for college review service, Darkness – The Criminal History of the Christian Church.

The Christian Heaven may have been a vain folly but the Christian Hell has been real enough. Raised to the status of State religion the Christian Church reigned over the destruction of civilization. As the centuries passed religious barbarism grew ever more vicious. For two millennia Christianity's anti-sexual, puritanical doctrines have inflicted untold damage on the mental, emotional and physical lives of countless millions of people. With a Jewish father (stern patriarch) and a Christian mother (obsession with guilt and cpm kindergarten, heaven) it is Write sheets you not surprising that Islam grew up a bit of a tartar. Heaven help us. The richest, most powerful nation in history has a psychotic infatuation with Jay-a-sus the cpm kindergarten Lawd! Some fifty articles are now available as a book. For your copy order:

Copyright 2004 by Kenneth Humphreys. Copying is freely permitted, provided credit is given to the author and no material herein is sold for profit.