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Books Are Our Best Friends Speech,Essay,Note. Books Are Our Best Friends: In the website and social world of the college board villanova device .You want a device… Books! The best friend in the world.The joy of reading books can’t be described in words. It’s something that you understand only by real experience. Books are our best friends, guiders and philosophers. Books uphold and Essay, encourage us when we feel sad and villanova, despondent.

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A book is a dream that you hold in your hand. Whenever you read a good book, somewhere in writing on road, the world a door opens to allow in more light. If we encounter a man of rare intellect, we should ask him what books he reads. –Ralph Waldo Emerson. Always read something that will make you look good if you die in the middle of it. Some Recommended Books as Books are our best friends: A God in Ruins by Kate Atkinson Seveneves by Neal Stephenson I Take You by Eliza Kennedy Get in Trouble by Kelly Link H is for Hawk by Helen Macdonald How I Braved Anu Aunty and Co-Founded A Million Dollar Company (English) essay on books (1299) books are our best friends (1206) essay on book (617) books are our best friend (558) essay on books are our best friends (551) books our best friend (464) essay about Essay for students service books (383) books essay (318) speech on books (284) books are my best friend (281) books our best friends (257) books are our best friends essay in write introduction, english (250) books are our best friends essay (239) speech on Essay website service, books are our best friends (234) books are our friends (227) essay on books are our best friend (227) 10 lines books are our best friends (217) book essay (191) essay on Books our best friend (180) books are best friends (177) A 21 Years Old Guy Who is Blogger and Digital Marketer by Choice and Student of Chemical Engineer By Chance.

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Rule of law under Indian Constitution. INTRODUCTION India being one of the most powerful democratic nation in the world, guided by the Constitution, which declares it to be Secular, Socialist, Republic and at the same time we are governed by Rule of Law. Law is the supreme authority which confers rights to its citizens and under which most important is the “Equality before the law” and “Equal protection of Law”. Website And Social Service? The constitution of India has been made the accident, supreme law of the country and other laws are required to be in conformity with it. We will write a custom essay sample.

on Rule of law under Indian Constitution or any similar. topic specifically for you. Any law which is Essay found in violation of any provision of the Online villanova, constitution, particularly, the fundamental rights, is declared void. The Indian constitution also incorporate the first principle of Dicey i. Service? e. equality before law and equal protection of laws. The Rule of Law embodied in writing genocide, Article 14 is the “basic feature” of the Indian Constitution and hence it cannot be destroyed even by an amendment of the Constitution under Article 368 of the Constitution. In India, the meaning of Rule of Law has been applied differently in different cases by the judiciary. Before moving further, dimensions of Article 14 of the Constitution of India is very vital to discuss.

Both positive as well as negative discrimination of this Article came and website service Supreme Court and various High Courts from time to Phd thesis how to write, time have summarized their decisions in different cases. Dicey’s rule of law has been adopted and incorporated in the Indian Constitution. The Preamble itself enunciates the ideals of Essay website for students service, justice, liberty and equality. In chapter III of the Constitution, these concepts are enshrined as fundamental rights and are thus made enforceable. The Constitution is supreme and all the three organs of the government, viz. legislature, executive and judiciary are subordinate to Phd thesis, and have to act in Essay website, accordance with it. The principle of judicial review is embodied in the Constitution and subjects can approach the High Courts and Supreme Court for the enforcement of fundamental rights guaranteed under Indian Constitution. Analytical Vs Argumentative? No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to the procedure established bylaw or of his property save by the authority of law. The government and the public officals are also not above the law.

Page 2 Rule of law under Indian Constitution Essay. They are also subject to the jurisdiction of Essay for students service, ordinary courts of law and for similar wrongs are to be tried and punished similarly. They are notimmune from the ordinary legal process nor is any provision made regarding separate administration courts and tribunals. In public services too, the doctrine of equality is accepted. Thus, it appears that the doctrine of rule of law is embodied in Assignment paper genocide, the Indian Constitution, and Essay website and social service is treated as the basic structure of the Constitution. The guarantee of equality before the law is an aspect of what Dicey calls the rule of paper, law in England. Rule of Law has many different facets and because of its indiscriminate promiscuous use, has meant different things to different people at different times. In simpler terms, this means that no man is above law and that every person, whatever be his rank or condition, is subject to the jurisdiction of ordinary courts.

Also, it requires that no person shall be subjected to harsh, uncivilized or discriminatory treatment even when the object is the website for students and social service, securing of the paramount exigencies of law and Phd thesis on criminology order. It is the basic rule of governance for any enlightened civilized society’s effort as it is not merely a legalistic slogan. It is a kind of commitment to certain traditional principles and values. Dicey’s rule of law has been embodied in Article 14 of the Constitution which is the “basic feature” and hence it can’t be destroyed even by an amendment of the Constitution under Article 368 of the Constitution. RULE OF LAW: MEANING Dicey has included three distinct though kindered ideas in Rule of Law. 1. Supremacy of law Explaining the first principle, Dicey states that rule of and social service, law means that the absolute supremacy or predominance of regular law as opposed to the influence of arbitrary power or wide discretionary power. Acc. To him, the Englishmen were ruled by the law and by and disadvantages of democracy encyclopedia the law alone; a man with us may be punished for a breach of law, but can be punished for nothing else. Simply it means the website and social service, absolute supremacy of law as opposed to the arbitrary power of the vs argumentative, Government.

If there is cogent evidence of commission of a grave crime for which an ordinary citizen would be arrested, the law cannot be differently applied depending on the status of the Essay website, person. However high you may be, law is above you. 2. Equality before law- It means that subjection of all classes to the ordinary law of the land administered by ordinary law courts. This means that no one is above law with the sole exception of the monarch who can do no wrong. Dicey, explained this principle of the rule of law as there must be equality before the law or the equal subjection of all classes to the ordinary law of the land administered by the ordinary law courts.

Acc. To him, in England, all persons were subject to one and the same law, and there were no extraordinary tribunals or special courts for officers of the government and Phd thesis how to the other authorities. Though he criticized the Essay website for students, French legal system of droit administratif in which there were separate Administrative Tribunals for deciding cases between the officials of the State and the Citizens. Acc. To him, exemption of the civil servants from the jurisdiction of the ordinary courts of law and providing them with special tribunals was the negation of on criminology, equality. The Constution has further taken care to provide us with bulwark that guards the freedom of an average citizen, it is the law court. Courts of justice are more important than even the military to guard the freedom of the country and of the individual by enforcing adherence to the rule of law. In the Essay website for students service, case of, State of West Bengal v. Anwar Ali Sarkar , it was clearly held that “ all persons shall be treated alike both in the privileges conferred and liabilities imposed by the laws.

Equal laws should be applied to all in the same situations, and there should be no discrimination between one person and another. ” Thus, the simple rule is that the like should be treated alike and not that unlike should be treated alike. Also, the Analytical vs argumentative research, Supreme Court in Basheshar Nath’s case in 1959 observed that the principle of the Rule of Law was an website service, essential element of the guarantee of equality. 3. Judge made Constitution- We may consider the position prevailing in India vis-a-vis the villanova, third principle i. e. , the doctrine of Judge made Constitution or predomination of legal spirit. And Social Service? Until recently, this principle was being studied and examined in context of interpreting the provisions of the how to introduction, Constitution and in Chief Settlement Commr. v Om Prakash , the Supreme Court observed: “In our constitutional system, the central and most characteristic feature is the concept of of rule of law, which means, in the present context, the authority of the law courts to test all administrative action by the standard of legality. The administrative or executive action that does not meet the Essay website and social service, standard will be set aside if the aggrieved party or person brings the write introduction, appropriate action in the competent court. The Rule of Law rejects the conception of the dual state in website for students, which the governmental action is placed in writing paper, a privileged position of Essay website for students, immunity from contrl by law.

Such a notion is foreign to our basic constitutional concept. ” (emphasis supplied) The First and the second aspects apply to Indian system but the third aspect of Phd thesis how to, Dicey’s rule of law does not apply to Indian system as the source of for students and social, rights of Individuals is the Constitution of India. The Constitution is the supreme Law of the land and all laws passed by the legislature must be consistent with the provisions of the Constitution. Equal protection of the laws: The guarantee of equal protection of laws is similar to one embodied in the 14th Amendment to the American Constitution. This has been interpreted to mean subjection to equal law, applying to all in the same circumstances. In Raghubir Singh v. State of Haryana the on criminology, court held that, “ The rule of law imposes a duty upon the State to take special measures to prevent and punish brutality by police methodology. For Students And Social Service? Exceptions to the Rule of Law: This rule of equality is, however not an absolute rule and there are number of exceptions to it. (i)“equality before the Online college board villanova, law” does not mean the ‘powers of the private citizens are the same as the powers of the website for students service, public officials’. Democracy Advantages And Disadvantages Encyclopedia? Thus, a police officer has the power to arrest while no other private person has this power. Rule of Essay website and social, Law explicitly doesn’t require that these powers should be clearly defined by the law and that abuse of authority by Democracy advantages of democracy public officers must be punished by ordinary courts in the same manner as illegal acts committed by any private person. Website And Social? (ii)The rule of law doesn’t prevent certain classes of persons being subject to special courts.

Thus, the members of armed forces are controlled by military laws. Also under Article 361 of the Indian Constitution, during the term of his/her office, the Governor of Democracy, a state or the President shall not be answerable to any criminal offences. (iii)Today ministers and other executive bodies are given very wide discretionary powers by a statute. And as a result of which such power is been abused. Today, a large no. of legislations in the form of delegated legislation i. e. , rules, orders are been made by the ministers and it is not directly under the Parliament’s power. (iv)Certain members of the society are governed by special rules in their professions, i. e. Essay Website And Social Service? , lawyers, doctors, members of armed forces and police. Such clauses are treated differently from Write report on road accident, ordinary citizens. The Constitution itself contains provisions which, under certain circumstances, limit the effectiveness of Art.

14. (i)The scope of right to equality U/A 14 has been considerably restricted by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976. The new Article 31-C added by the amendment act provides that the laws made by the State for implementing the Directive Principles contained in clause (b) or clause (c) of Article 39 can’t be challenged on the ground that they are violative of Article 14. In Sanjeev Coke manufacturing co. v. Bharat cooking Coal Ltd. The Supreme Court has held that “where Art. 31-C comes in, Article 14 goes out. (ii)Article 359(1) provides that where a proclamation of emergency is in operation the and social service, President may, by order, declare that the vs argumentative paper, right to website for students and social service, move any court for the enforcement of such rights conferred by Part III( except Arts.

20 and 21) shall remain suspended. Analytical Vs Argumentative Research? Thus, if the President of India issues an Essay and social, order, where a Proclamation of Emergency is in how to introduction, operation, enforcement of Article 12 may be suspended for the period during which the proclamation is in force. (iii)Article 361 lays down that the President and the Governors are exempted from website, any criminal proceeding during the tenure of their office. (iv)Under International Law, foreign sovereign and ambassadors enjoy full immunity from any judicial process. This is Phd thesis how to also available to enemy aliens for acts of war. Article 14 permits classification but prohibits class legislation. – The equal protection of laws guaranteed by Article 14 does not mean that all laws must be general in character. Website For Students And Social? It does not mean that the same laws should apply to all persons. It does not mean that every law must have universal application for, all persons are not, by nature, Attainment or circumstances in the same position. The varying needs of different classes of persons often require separate treatment.

From the very nature of the society there should be different laws in different places and the Legislature controls the policy and enacts laws in the best interest of safety and security of the State. In fact, identical treatment in unequal circumstances would amount to inequality. So, a reasonable classification is only not permitted but is necessary if society is to progress. Thus, what Article 14 forbids is class-legislation but it does not forbid reasonable classification. The classification, however, must not be “arbitrary, artificial or evasive” but must be based on report on road, some real and substantial distinction bearing a just and reasonable relation to the object sought to be achieved by the legislation. Article 14 applies where equals are treated differently without any reasonable basis. But where equals and unequals are treated differently, Article 14 does not apply. Essay Website For Students Service? Class legislation is that which makes an improper discrimination by Online college conferring particular privileges upon a class of persons arbitrarily selected from a large number of persons, all of whom stand in the same relation to the privilege granted that between whom and the persons not so favoured no reasonable distinction or substantial difference can be found justifying the inclusion of one and the exclusion of the other from such privileges.

Test of Reasonable Classification- Article 14 forbids class legislation, but it does not forbid reasonable classification of persons, objects and transactions by website and social the legislature for the purpose of achieving specific ends. Classifications to be reasonable must fulfill two conditions:- (c)The classification must be founded on an intelligible differentia which distinguishes persons or things that are grouped together from others left out of the group; and (d)The differentia must have a rational relation to the object sought to be achieved by the Act. The important thing is that there must be a nexus between the basis of classification and the object of the Act which makes the classification. K. K. Mathew, J. highlighted the negative concept of the doctrine of encyclopedia, “equality before the law”, as traditionally understood and posed the question whether the command of Article 14 is merely to ban creation of for students, equality or to eliminate inequalities ? According to him “Formal equality before the law has been found to be a shame in many areas”. Analytical? The true meaning and scope of Essay website for students and social, Article 14 have been explained in a number of cases by supreme Court. In re-Special Court Bill case, Chandrachud, J. , (as he then was) reformulated new propositions to Democracy advantages and disadvantages of democracy, be followed regarding the applicability of Article 14. Essay Service? But this has been rightly criticized by Phd thesis Mr. Seervai as making the well-settled principles unsettled and creating confusion and uncertainity and encouraging litigation. Website For Students? The principles laid down by Das, J. , in Ramkrishna Dalmia v. Justice Tendolkar has not been disputed by Chandrachud, J. , and therefore there was no need to reformulate the same unless it was necessary to add something to the existing principles.

In Sagir Ahmad v. State it has been clearly held that. Democracy Advantages Encyclopedia? “The question whether a classification is reasonable, and proper or not, must, however be judged more on commonsense than on legal subtleties. ” New concept of Equality: Protection against Arbitrariness- “In E. P. And Social Service? Royappa v. State of Tamil Nadu, the Phd thesis on criminology, Supreme Court has challenged the traditional concept of equality which was based on the reasonable classification and has laid down a new concept of equality. Chandrachud and Essay Krishna Iyer, JJ. Propunded the new concept of equality in the following words- “Equality is a dynamic concept with many aspects and dimensions and Democracy it cannot be ‘cribbed, cabined and confined’ within traditional and doctrinal limits. From a positivistic point of Essay website for students, view, equality is antithesis to arbitrariness. In fact, equality and arbitrariness are sworn enemies; one belong to the Rule of Law in a republic while the other, to Democracy advantages and disadvantages of democracy, the whim and caprice of an absolute monarch. Where an Act is arbitrary, it is implicit in it that it is unequal both according to political logic and Essay and social constitutional law and is therefore violative of Phd thesis, Article 14. ” In Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India, Bhagwati, J. , again quoted with approval the new concept of equality propounded by him in the E. P. Website Service? Royappa case. He said :- “…. Vs Argumentative? Equality is a dynamic concept with many aspects and dimensions and it cannot be imprisoned within traditional and doctrinal limits. Article 14 strikes at arbitrariness in Essay, State action and ensures fairness and equality of treatment.

The principle of reasonableness, which legally as well as philosophically, is an essential element of equality or non-arbitrariness, pervades Article 14 like a brooding omnipresence. Analytical? ” The basic postulate of the Rule of Law is that “justice should not only be done but it must also be seen to be done. ” The society is composed of unequals and a welfare State has to strive by website for students both executive and legislative action to help the less fortunate and to Democracy and disadvantages, improve their condition so that social and website and social economic unequality in the society may be bridged. This would require a law to be made applicable to that group in order to ameliorate their lot. Desai, J. , said that the doctrine of classification was evolved to sustain a legislation of State action in order to help the weaker sections of the society or some such segments of the society in need of succor. In ADM Jabalpur v. Shivakant Shukla, it is one of the most important cases when it comes to advantages, rule of law. In this case, the question before the court was ‘whether there was any rule of law in India apart from Article 21’. This was in context of suspension of enforcement of Articles 14, 21 and 22 during the for students and social, proclamation of an emergency. The answer of the Write writing on road, majority of the bench was in negative for and social, the question of law. However Justice H. R. Khanna dissented from the majority opinion and observed that “Even in absence of Article 21 in the Constitution, the state has got no power to how to, deprive a person of his life and Essay website for students and social service liberty without the authority of law. In India, there are a few instances where Judiciary has infringed upon the areas of Write report on road accident, Executive and Legislature and this can be said from the example of the present Reservation system.

Judiciary was against the fact of giving reservations to the creamy layer but the Executive and Legislature was not in favor of this. “Though many of them had critiqued about Essay website for students, Rule of Law in Indian Constitution. Phd Thesis? Acc. To them, Law changes with time. As time evolves, Law has to change in that way. They see Rule of Law simply as a tool for guiding and maintaining the and social, status quo of the society.

For them maintain status quo is far from being neutral, serves to on criminology, protect the powerful at the cost of others. More extreme critics claim that “[t]he liberal paradigm has destroyed the rule of law. ” The rationale behind this statement is that, considering the real state of the world, many equate the rule of law with legality. However, this is a flawed equation as “[l]egality simply means that there are laws and says nothing about the quality of those laws. ” Hence, there are many lacunas in the concept of rule of law which servers the reason of non-implementation of the concept properly. ”

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Arundhati Roy, the Not-So-Reluctant Renegade. “I’ve always been slightly short with people who say, ‘You haven’t written anything again,’ as if all the website for students and social nonfiction I’ve written is Democracy of democracy, not writing,” Arundhati Roy said. It was July, and we were sitting in Roy’s living room, the windows closed against the heat of the service Delhi summer. Delhi might be roiled over of democracy encyclopedia a slowing economy, rising crimes against women and the coming elections, but in Jor Bagh, an upscale residential area across from the 16th-century tombs of the Lodi Gardens, things were quiet. Roy’s dog, Filthy, a stray, slept on the floor, her belly rising and falling rhythmically. The melancholy cry of a bird pierced the air. “That’s a hornbill,” Roy said, looking reflective. Roy, perhaps best known for “The God of website and social, Small Things,” her novel about relationships that cross lines of advantages and disadvantages of democracy encyclopedia, caste, class and religion, one of Essay for students and social, which leads to murder while another culminates in incest, had only recently turned again to fiction. It was another novel, but she was keeping the subject secret for now. She was still trying to shake herself free of Write report writing accident, her nearly two-decade-long role as an activist and public intellectual and spoke, with some reluctance, of one “last commitment.” It was more daring than her attacks on India’s occupation of Essay website and social service, Kashmir, the American wars in Iraq and on criminology Afghanistan or crony capitalism.

This time, she had taken on Mahatma Gandhi. She’d been asked by a small Indian press, Navayana, to Essay website for students service write an introduction to a new edition of “The Annihilation of paper, Caste.” Written in 1936 by B. For Students. R. Ambedkar, the Analytical paper progressive leader who drafted the Indian Constitution and converted to Buddhism, the essay is perhaps the most famous modern-day attack on Essay for students and social, India’s caste system. It includes a rebuke of Gandhi, who wanted to abolish untouchability but not caste. Ambedkar saw the research genocide entire caste system as morally wrong and website for students and social service undemocratic. Reading Ambedkar’s and writing on road Gandhi’s arguments with each other, Roy became increasingly dismayed with what she saw as Gandhi’s regressive position. Her small introductory essay grew larger in her mind, “almost a little book in itself.” It would not pull its punches when it came to Gandhi and therefore would likely prove controversial. Essay Website For Students And Social Service. Even Ambedkar ran into difficulties.

His views were considered so provocative that he was forced to self-publish. The more she spoke of Analytical vs argumentative research, it, the more mired in complications this last commitment of hers seemed. Roy led me into the next room, where books and journals were scattered around the website for students and social service kitchen table that serves as her desk. On Criminology. The collected writings of Ambedkar and Gandhi, voluminous and in combat with each other, sat in Essay website for students and social towering stacks, bookmarks tucked between the pages. The notebook in which Roy had been jotting down her thoughts in small, precise handwriting lay open on the table, a fragile intermediary in a nearly century-old debate between giants. “I got into trouble in the past for Online board villanova, my nonfiction,” Roy said, “and I swore, ‘I’m never going to write anything with a footnote again.’ ” It’s a promise she has so far been unable to keep. “I’ve been gathering the thoughts for website, months, struggling with the questions, shocked by what I’ve been reading,” she said, when I asked if she had begun the essay. “I know that when it comes out, a lot is going to college villanova happen.

But it’s something I need to do.” In her late 30s , Roy was perhaps India’s most famous writer. The publication of “The God of Small Things” in 1997 coincided with the 50th anniversary of India’s independence. It was the beginning of an aggressively nationalist, consumerist phase, and website for students service Roy was seen as representative of Brand India. The novel, her first, appeared on the New York Times best-seller list and won the Booker Prize. It went on to sell more than six million copies. British tabloids published bewildering profiles (“A 500,000-pound book from the Online college villanova pickle-factory outcast”), while magazines photographed her — all cascading waves of hair and high cheekbones — against the pristine waterways and lush foliage of Kerala, where the novel was set and which was just beginning to take off as a tourist destination. Roy’s tenure as a national icon came to an abrupt end when, a year later, the Hindu right-wing Bharatiya Janata Party (B.J.P.) government carried out a series of nuclear tests.

These were widely applauded by Indians who identified with Hindu nationalism, many of them members of the rising middle class. In an essay titled, “The End of Imagination,” Roy accused supporters of the tests of reveling in displays of military power — embracing the jingoism that had brought the B.J.P. to power for only the second time since independence — instead of addressing the abysmal conditions in which a majority of Indians lived. Published simultaneously in the English-language magazines Outlook and Frontline, the essay marked her beginning as an overtly political writer. Roy’s political turn angered many in her upper-caste, urban, English-speaking audience, even as it attracted another. Most of her new fans had never heard of her novel; they often spoke languages other than English and felt marginalized because of their religion, caste or ethnicity, left behind by India’s economic rise. They devoured the essays Roy began writing, which were distributed in unauthorized translations, and flocked to rallies to Essay for students service hear her speak. “There was all this resentment, quite understandable, about ‘The God of Small Things,’ that here was this person writing in English winning all this money,” Roy said. “So when ‘The End of Imagination’ came out, there was a reversal, an anger among the English-speaking people, but also an embrace from everyone else.”

The vehemence of the response surprised her. “There is Phd thesis, nothing in ‘The God of Small Things’ that is at Essay website for students and social service odds with what I went on how to write introduction, to write politically over 15 years,” Roy said. “It’s instinctive territory.” It is true that her novel also explored questions of social justice. But without the armature of Essay and social service, character and plot, her essays seemed didactic — or just plain wrong — to college board villanova her detractors, easy stabs at an India full of energy and purpose. Even those who sympathized with her views were often suspicious of her celebrity, regarding her as a dilettante. But for Roy, remaining on the sidelines was never an Essay and social service option. “If I had not said anything about the nuclear tests, it would have been as if I was celebrating it,” Roy said. Phd Thesis Introduction. “I was on the covers of all these magazines all the time. Not saying anything became as political as saying something.” Roy turned next to a series of mega-dams to be built on the Narmada River. Essay Website. Villagers likely to be displaced by the project had been staging protests, even as India’s Supreme Court allowed construction to go forward. Roy traveled through the region, joining in the protests and writing essays criticizing the court’s decision. In 2001, a group of accident, men accused her and other activists of Essay for students, attacking them at a rally outside the Supreme Court. Roy petitioned for the charges to be dismissed.

The court agreed but was so offended by the language of her petition (she accused the court of attempting to “muzzle dissent, to harass and intimidate those who disagree with it”) that it held her in contempt. “Showing the magnanimity of law by keeping in mind that the respondent is how to write, a woman,” the judgment read, “and hoping that better sense and wisdom shall dawn upon the respondent in the future to website for students serve the cause of art and Assignment writing genocide literature,” Roy was to be sentenced to for students “simple imprisonment for one day” and a fine of 2,000 rupees. The 2002 BBC documentary “Dam/Age” captures some of the drama around Roy’s imprisonment at report writing accident the fortresslike Tihar Jail. When she emerged the next day, her transformation from Indian icon to harsh national critic was complete. Her hair, which she had shorn into a severe cut, evoked, uneasily, both ostracized woman and for students feisty feminist. The English-language Indian media mocked Roy for criticizing the dams, which they saw as further evidence of India’s rise. Attacks followed each of on criminology, her subsequent works: her anguished denunciations of the massacre of Muslims in Essay website and social Gujarat in 2002, the plans for Analytical research paper, bauxite mining in Orissa (now Odisha) by website and social, a London-based corporation called Vedanta Resources, the vs argumentative research paper paramilitary operations in central India against indigenous tribal populations and ultraleft guerrillas known as Naxalites; and India’s military presence in for students and social service Kashmir, where more than a half million troops hold in Online college board villanova check a majority Muslim population that wants to secede from India.

Kashmir, over which India has fought three of website for students, its four wars against Pakistan, would become one of Roy’s defining issues. In 2010, after a series of massive protests during which teenage boys faced off against soldiers, Roy publicly remarked that “Kashmir was never an integral part of India.” In suggesting that the state of paper, India was a mere construct, a product of partition like Pakistan, she had crossed a line. Most progressives in Essay website for students service India haven’t gone that far. College Board. Roy soon found herself the for students service center of a nationwide storm. A stone-throwing mob, trailed by television vans, showed up at her front door.

The conservative TV channel Times Now ran slow-motion clips of her visiting Kashmir in which she looked as if she were sashaying down a catwalk, refusing to answer a reporter’s questions. Back in Phd thesis on criminology Delhi, Times Now convened a panel moderated by its immensely popular host, Arnab Goswami, to discuss — squeezed between headlines and a news crawl in and social which “anger” and “Arundhati” were the most common words — whether Roy should be arrested for Analytical vs argumentative research, sedition. Essay Website And Social Service. When the sole Kashmiri Muslim panelist, Hameeda Nayeem, pointed out that Roy had said nothing not already believed by college board villanova, a majority of Kashmiris, she was cut off by Goswami. Cases were filed against Essay website service Roy in writing paper genocide courts in Bangalore and Chandigarh, accusing her of service, being “antinational,” “anti-human” and supposedly writing in report writing on road one of her essays that “Kashmir should get freedom from naked, starving Indians.” The apartment where I met Roy in July occupies the topmost floor of a three-story house and has all the Essay website for students trappings of an write introduction upper-class home — a sprawl of surrounding lawn, a high fence and a small elevator. There are few signs of her dissenter status: the stickers on her door (“We have to be very careful these days because . . Website For Students Service. .”); the Phd thesis on criminology books in the living room (Howard Zinn, Noam Chomsky, Eduardo Galeano); and, particularly unusual in the Indian context, the absence of website for students and social service, servants (Roy lives entirely alone). Perhaps what is most telling is how Roy ended up in this house, which she used to ride past every day on her way to Phd thesis work, on a bicycle rented for a rupee. Roy was born Suzanna Arundhati Roy in 1959 in Shillong, a small hill town in the northeastern fringes of Essay website for students and social, India. Her mother, Mary, was from villanova a close-knit community of Syrian Christians in Kerala. Her father, Rajib, was a Bengali Hindu from Calcutta, a manager of website and social, a tea plantation near Shillong and an alcoholic. The marriage didn’t last long, and when Roy was 2, she and Analytical vs argumentative paper her brother, Lalith, a year and a half older, returned to Kerala with their mother.

Unwelcome at Essay for students and social the family home, they moved into a cottage owned by on criminology, Roy’s maternal grandfather in Ooty, in the neighboring state of Essay for students service, Tamil Nadu. “Then there are a lot of horrible stories,” Roy said and began to laugh. “My mother was very ill, a severe asthmatic. We thought she was dying. She would send us into town with a basket, and the shopkeepers would put food in the basket, mostly just rice with green chilies.” The family remained there until Roy was 5, defying attempts by her grandmother and uncle to turn them out of the house (inheritance laws among Syrian Christians heavily favored sons). Eventually, Roy’s mother moved back to Kerala and started a school on the premises of the local Rotary Club. As the child of Write writing accident, a single mother, Roy was ill at Essay website for students ease in the conservative Syrian Christian community.

She felt more at home among the so-called lower castes or Dalits, who were kept at a distance by both Christians and upper-caste Hindus. “Much of the way I think is by report writing, default,” she said. “Nobody paid enough attention to me to indoctrinate me.” By the time she was sent to Lawrence, a boarding school founded by a British Army officer (motto: “Never Give In”), it was perhaps too late for indoctrination. Essay Website And Social Service. Roy, who was 10, says the only thing she remembers about Lawrence was becoming obsessed with running. Her brother, who heads a seafood-export business in research paper Kerala, recalls her time there differently. “When she was in for students middle school, she was quite popular among the Phd thesis senior boys,” he told me, laughing. “She was also a prefect and a tremendous debater.” Roy concedes that boarding school had its uses. “It made it easier to Essay website for students light out when I did,” she said.

The child of what was considered a disreputable marriage and an even more disgraceful divorce, Roy was expected to have suitably modest ambitions. Her future prospects were summed up by the first college she was placed in; it was run by nuns and offered secretarial training. At 16, Roy instead moved to Delhi to study at the School of Planning and Architecture. Roy chose architecture because it would allow her to start earning money in her second year, but also out of idealism. Paper. In Kerala, she met the British-born Indian architect Laurie Baker, known for his sustainable, low-cost buildings, and was taken with the and social service idea of doing similar work. But she soon realized she wouldn’t learn about such things at school. “They just wanted you to Assignment research be like a contractor,” Roy said, still indignant. She was grappling, she said, with questions to which her professors didn’t seem to have answers: “What is website for students and social service, your sense of aesthetic? Whom are you designing for? Even if you’re designing a home, what is the relationship between men and college villanova women assumed in that? It just became bigger and bigger. And Social Service. How are cities organized?

Who are laws for? Who is considered a citizen? This coalesced into something very political for me by the end of research, it.” For her final project, Roy refused to design a building and Essay website for students and social service instead wrote a thesis, “Postcolonial Urban Development in Delhi.” “I said: ‘Now I want to tell you what I’ve learned here. I don’t want you to advantages of democracy tell me what I’ve learned here.’ ” Roy drew sustenance from the counterculture that existed among her fellow students, which she would represent years later in the film “In Which Annie Gives It Those Ones” (1989).

She wrote, designed and appeared in it — an elfin figure with a giant Afro playing the character of Radha, who gives up architecture to for students become a writer but drowns before completing her first novel. By this time, Roy had broken off contact with her family. Without money to stay in the student hostel, she moved into a nearby slum with her boyfriend, Gerard da Cunha. (They pretended to be married in deference to the slum’s conservative mores.) “It’s one thing to writing on road be a young person who decides to Essay website for students service slum it,” Roy said. “For me, it wasn’t like that. There was nobody. There was no cuteness about Democracy advantages and disadvantages of democracy it. That was my university, that period when you think from the Essay website for students point of view of absolute vulnerability. And that hasn’t left me.”

After graduation, she briefly lived with Da Cunha, in Goa, where he was from, but they broke up, and she returned to Delhi. She got a job at Write report writing on road accident the National Institute of for students and social service, Urban Affairs, and met Pradip Krishen, an independent filmmaker who offered Roy the female lead in “Massey Sahib” (1985), a film set in colonial India in which Roy played a goatherd. On Criminology. Roy and Krishen, who later married, collaborated on subsequent projects, including “Bargad,” a 26-part television series on India’s independence movement that was never completed, as well as two feature films, “Annie” and “Electric Moon” (1992). Krishen’s background could not have been more different from Roy’s. Website And Social. A Balliol scholar and former history professor, Krishen, a widower, lived with his parents and two children in a sprawling house in the posh Chanakyapuri neighborhood. When Roy joined him, they moved to a separate apartment upstairs.

Roy immersed herself in Delhi’s independent-filmmaking world. The movies’ progressive themes appealed to her, but it was a world dominated by the scions of elite families, and it soon came to Phd thesis seem out of touch and insular to her. She spent more and website and social more time teaching aerobics, to earn her own money, and hanging out with artists she met in school. She had already begun work on her novel when “The Bandit Queen,” a film, based on the life of the female bandit Phoolan Devi, was released. Online Villanova. Devi was a low-caste woman who became a famous gang leader and for students and social endured gang rape and introduction imprisonment. Roy was incensed by the way the film portrayed her as a victim whose life was defined by Essay for students and social, rape instead of rebellion. “When I saw the Assignment film, I was infuriated, partly because I had grown up in Kerala, being taken to for students and social these Malayalam films, where in every film — every film — a woman got raped,” Roy said. College Villanova. “For many years, I believed that all women got raped. Then I read in the papers how Phoolan Devi said it was like being raped again. I read the book the film was based on and realized that these guys had added their own rapes. . . . I thought, You’ve changed India’s most famous bandit into history’s most famous rape victim.” Roy’s essay on the film, “The Great Indian Rape Trick,” published in the now-defunct Sunday magazine, eviscerated the makers of “Bandit Queen,” pointing out that they never even bothered to meet Phoolan Devi or to invite her to and social a screening. The piece alienated many of the people Roy worked with.

Krishen, who gives the impression of on criminology, a flinty loyalty toward Roy even though the couple split up, says it was seen as a betrayal in the tightknit film circles of Essay website and social service, Delhi. For Roy, it was a lesson in how the media worked. “I watched very carefully what happened to Analytical research Phoolan Devi,” she said. “I saw how the media can just excavate you and leave a shell behind. And I was lucky to learn from that. So when my turn came, the barricades were up.” When I met Roy at the New Delhi airport a few days after we first talked, she hung back from the crowd, ignoring the stares coming her way. She had turned down a request to address a public gathering in Kashmir, but there still seemed something political about traveling there just a week after eight Indian soldiers were killed in an ambush. The passengers on the flight Roy and I took, Hindu pilgrims visiting the Essay website and social service Amarnath shrine, certainly thought so. Assignment Writing Genocide. Periodically, they filled the small aircraft with cries of “Bom Bhole,” or “Hail Shiva,” their right fists rising in website and social service unison. Once in Srinagar, the capital, Roy was stopped often by Kashmiris who wanted to thank her for speaking up against the Indian state. They also hoped she would agree to Phd thesis have her picture taken with them. She usually did.

But for the most part, she kept out for students and social service, of the Phd thesis how to introduction public eye. Roy was staying at the house of a journalist friend, and Essay for students and social as he and another journalist talked on their mobile phones, following a story about a fight that had broken out between Amarnath pilgrims and Kashmiri porters, she distributed packs of Lavazza coffee brought from Delhi, only half listening. Later, she declined to attend the screening of a new documentary about the Naxalite guerrillas, preferring to work on her novel. Roy had come to Kashmir mainly to see friends, but it was hard to escape the Online board strife altogether. A few days later, we drove through the countryside, a landscape of streams sparkling through green fields and over for students and social service cobblestones, punctuated by camouflaged, gun-toting figures. Sometimes they were a detachment of the Assignment writing paper genocide Central Reserve Police Force, sometimes the local police and, every now and Essay website service then, distinctive in their flat headgear, soldiers of the counterinsurgency Rashtriya Rifles. “There were bunkers all over Srinagar when I first began coming here,” Roy said. “Now they use electronic surveillance for the city. The overt policing is for of democracy encyclopedia, the countryside.” In Srinagar earlier that week, the policing had seemed overt enough. Roy had been invited to speak at a gathering organized by Khurram Parvez, who works for Essay for students, the Jammu and Kashmir Coalition of Civil Society, an organization that has produced extensive reports on mass graves and extrajudicial killings in Kashmir.

As 40 or so people sat cross-legged on Assignment writing research genocide, the floor — activists, lawyers, journalists and students — Parvez asked that cellphones be turned off and placed in “thighland” in for students order to prevent surreptitious recordings that could be passed on Phd thesis, to authorities. Roy put on reading glasses, and these, along with the stack of books in Essay website service front of her, a selection of the Assignment writing research paper nonfiction she has written over the past 15 years (just brought out by Penguin India as a box set of five candy-colored volumes), gave the gathering the air of an impromptu seminar. Roy began by asking audience members to discuss what was on their minds. A young lawyer who grew up in a village about 30 miles from Srinagar told a story of two women, who, after being raped by soldiers, spent the night shivering in separate bathing cabins, too ashamed to Essay website service go home, hearing only each other’s weeping. Roy listened carefully to on criminology this and Essay website and social service similar accounts, occasionally nudging the conversation beyond Kashmir, to the rifts and fractures within India itself, including the college villanova forests of central India, where she spent more than two weeks in 2010 with ultraleft guerrillas and Essay and social their tribal allies for her last book, “Broken Republic” (2011). “I feel sad, you know, when I’m traveling in India and on criminology see Kashmiris who’ve been recruited into the Border Security Force,” she said. Website Service. “It’s what this state does, hiring from one part of the write introduction country and sending them to fight in other parts, against people who on the surface might seem different but who are actually facing the same kind of oppression, and this is website and social, why perhaps it’s important to writing paper genocide be able to talk to each other.” She picked up one of the books in front of her, the lemon-yellow “Listening to Grasshoppers,” and found a passage from the essay “Azadi,” or “Freedom.” In it, she describes attending a 2008 rally in Srinagar demanding independence from India. “The slogan that cut through me like a knife,” she read in a quiet, clear voice, “was this one: Nanga bhooka Hindustan, jaan se pyaara Pakistan ” — India is a naked, starving country; Pakistan is more precious to us than life itself. “In that slogan,” she said, “I saw the seeds of how easily victims can become perpetrators.” The discussion went on for hours, spanning global capitalism and climate change, before returning to Kashmir. Did Kashmiris identify with Pakistan?

Some did, some emphatically did not. What about the role of Essay website and social service, women in the struggle for Kashmiri self-determination? How could they make themselves heard when they found it so difficult to make themselves heard in this room? In the Analytical research fierce summer heat, the group, splintered into factions, growing tired and agitated. Roy decided to website and social service bring the proceedings to a close with a joke from Assignment Monty Python’s “Life of Brian.” “In the Essay website for students and social movie, this man, Brian, asks a band of guerrilla fighters, ‘Are you the Judean Peoples’ Front?’ ” Roy said, mimicking a British accent. “And the reply he gets from Phd thesis on criminology this really offended group is: No, absolutely not. ‘We’re the Peoples’ Front of Judea.’ ” The joke, an elaborate parody of radical factionalism, made Roy laugh heartily. It also changed the emotional temperature of the room.

As we came out of the house and milled around in the alley, the various groups seemed easier with each other. Later, a young man who had just completed a degree in fiction would express to me his disappointment that the conversation had never turned to for students and social writing at all. Beyond the Gandhi book , there has been much to pull Roy away from Democracy advantages of democracy fiction. In May, when Naxalite guerrillas killed at least 24 people, including a Congress politician who had formed a brutal right-wing militia and whom Roy criticized in her last book, she was immediately asked for a comment but declined to talk. “So they just republished an old interview I had given and tried to Essay and social service pretend it was a new interview,” she said. “The things I’ve needed to say directly, I’ve said already,” she said. “Now I feel like I would be repeating myself with different details.” We were sitting in her living room, and she paused, knowing the next question would be how political her fiction might now be. “I’m not a person who likes to use fiction as a means. I think it’s an how to irreducible thing, fiction. It’s itself. It’s not a movie, it’s not a political tract, it’s not a slogan. Website. The ways in advantages and disadvantages of democracy which I have thought politically, the proteins of that have to be broken down and forgotten about, until it comes out as the sweat on your skin.”

But publishing is a risky venture in India these days; court orders are used to prevent books from coming out or to remove them from circulation, even when they are not explicitly political. Website And Social. Most recently, Penguin India pulped all existing copies of “The Hindus: An Alternative History,” by how to, Wendy Doniger, after a conservative Hindu pressure group initiated a case against the book. Penguin also publishes Roy, and she felt compelled to protest. Although Roy won’t divulge, even to her closest friends, what her new novel is about, she is adamant that it represents a break from both her nonfiction and her first novel. Essay And Social. “I’m not trying to write ‘The God of Small Things’ again,” she said. “There’s much more grappling conceptually with the new novel. It is advantages and disadvantages of democracy encyclopedia, much easier for a book about a family — which is Essay website for students, what ‘The God of Small Things’ was — to have a clear emotional heart.” Before she became caught up in her essay on Ambedkar and Gandhi, she was working on the novel by drawing, as she tends to do in the early stages, trying to figure out the structure.

She then writes longhand. What she calls the “sandpapering” takes place on a laptop, at her kitchen table. “I’m not attached to any particular space,” she said when I asked her how important the routine was to her writing. “I just don’t need to feel that someone’s breathing over me.” After “The God of Small Things” was published, she began to give some of the on criminology money she made from it away. She sent her father, who resurfaced after she appeared in “Massey Sahib” and and social was not above trying to extort money from her, to a rehab center. (He died in 2007.) In 2002, when Roy received a Lannan Foundation award, she donated the Phd thesis how to write $350,000 prize money to 50 small organizations around India. Finally, in 2006, she and her friends set up a trust into which she began putting all her nonfiction earnings to support progressive causes around the country. “I was never interested in just being a professional writer where you wrote one book that did very well, you wrote another book, and Essay website and social so on,” Roy said, thinking of the ways in which “The God of Small Things” trapped her and freed her. “There’s a fear that I have, that because you’re famous, or because you’ve done something, everybody wants you to keep on doing the same thing, be the write introduction same person, freeze you in time.” Roy was talking of the point in her life when, tired of the images she saw of herself — the glamorous Indian icon turned glamorous Indian dissenter — she cut off her hair. Essay Website For Students And Social. But you could see how she might say the same of the position in Phd thesis on criminology which she now finds herself. The essay on Gandhi and Ambedkar was meant to complete one set of expectations before she could turn to something new. “I don’t want that enormous baggage,” Roy said. Essay. “I want to travel light.” Siddhartha Deb is the author of “The Beautiful and the Damned: A Portrait of the writing on road New India.” What happens after a defendant is found not guilty by reason of Essay and social service, insanity?

Often the answer is involuntary confinement in Democracy advantages encyclopedia a state psychiatric hospital — with no end in sight. At the for students and social service height of the 2016 election, exaggerated reports of a juvenile sex crime brought a media maelstrom to Twin Falls — one the Idaho city still hasn’t recovered from. Dominant relief pitchers usually just get the last few outs of the game. Baseball managers may be ready to change their roles.

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Analysis of Kazuo Ishiguro’s A Family Supper Term Paper (Advanced seminar) 2010 7 Pages. Kazuo Ishiguro’s 1982 short story A Family Supper tells the story of website for students and social a Japanese family, sitting down to dinner together for the first time in years. Having lived in California for several years, the Democracy advantages of democracy encyclopedia, son returns to Tokyo to his father’s house. While they wait for the arrival of the daughter, Kikuko, the son and Essay website for students, the father talk a little about the mother’s death, the collapse of the father’s firm, and the son’s plans for the future. When Kikuko joins them, the father goes off to prepare the supper, leaving the brother and sister to take a stroll in the garden together where Kikuko talks about her life at university. They also recall their childhood fears of the ghost the son believes to have seen in the garden once. Before dinner, the father decides to show his son around the house. While they are eating, the son confuses a picture of his mother with the appearance of the garden ghost he remembers, which angers his father. The short story closes with the father inviting his son to paper come home again and confiding his hopes that his daughter may return home too. On the surface, this short story may appear shallow, perhaps even slightly confusing. The reader, however, can rest assured that Ishiguro intended to draw attention to Essay and social service specific themes and has therefore charged seemingly random statements with meaning to convey these themes.

Moreover, every reader is, to paper a certain, extent aware of the Essay and social service, atmosphere the story creates and report accident, also receptive to a specific impression of the characters. It is, therefore, advisable to reflect upon the different constituents of a short story more closely, in Essay website and social service order to understand the story more clearly and to appreciate how Ishiguro succeeds in conveying these impressions. To begin with, in the attempt to create a specific atmosphere, the Phd thesis write introduction, author of Essay for students and social service a short story can rely on the appearance of the setting to be an effective supplement to the narrative. The reader can therefore assume with some certainty that Ishiguro intended to communicate a particular ambience in portraying the setting as he did. The story plays in a Japanese family.

The action takes place in the father’s house in Tokyo. When they arrive at the house, it is near dusk. The reader will notice that this background image of fading daylight serves as the basis for a story line in which shadows as well as dimly lit rooms add to an atmosphere of mystery. College Board Villanova! For it is not only the garden, which becomes ever darker, thus supporting the mystery around the ghost, only to fall into complete darkness at the end of the Essay website, story (pp 1 . 436, 438, 442), but also the dining room where the family has supper, which is described as ‘a dimly lit room’ (p. 440).

Furthermore, the son notices the father’s face moving from the ‘half light’ (p. 440) at the beginning of the meal into ‘shadow’ (p. 441) when they are about to eat the fish. As the reader does not discover what kind of fish it is, Ishiguro’s play with light intensifies the Phd thesis, mystery of the scene. Essay Website Service! In addition, the house is described as very large, yet upon vs argumentative paper, being shown around, the website, son remarks that most of the rooms, save one, are ‘startlingly empty’ (p. 439). Given that the reader has learned about the different losses the father has had to bear - the death of writing on road his wife, the collapse of his business, and the departing of his children - it comes to mind that Ishiguro may have intended to mirror the father’s state of mind in the house.

This may be further encouraged by the fact that one room is crammed full of belongings (p. 439), showing that the father has not yet given up his hope to for students service a happy life. In trying to understand how Ishiguro succeeds in communicating his narrative effectively, the advantages and disadvantages of democracy encyclopedia, thorough reader needs to give thought to the point of view from which the story is and social, narrated, and to which effect this leads. A Family Supper is narrated from the point of view of the son, and Online college, can be classified, therefore, as a 1st person narration since the son is a participant in the action. As a result, the Essay website and social, information the reader receives is not only limited to the knowledge the son has, but also to the particular focus of attention the son opts for. The description of his father can consequently not be regarded as objective (pp. 434, 435). Writing! Nor can we be sure that he and his sister were in fact close as children, as he says, or whether his personal impression is false (p. 436). The choice of narrator is crucial to the development of plot in this story.

If it were told from the point of view of the father, the suspense surrounding the climax might be far less intense, as intrusion into the father’s thought would be possible. Hence, the Essay for students, question whether the Democracy encyclopedia, father serves his family Fugu or not remains more or less unanswered, as the 1st person narrator cannot provide this information. What is more, the reader receives astonishingly few insights to the son’s thoughts, whereby his true feelings concerning his return to Japan would be interesting. As a short story is website for students and social, characterized by its brief span of narrative time, among other features, the author of a short story is faced with the difficulty of having to develop the plot in a very short time. The plot, moreover, needs to be arranged in such a way as to achieve maximum dramatic effect. Ishiguro’s choice in arranging the plot of ‘A Family Supper’ not only ensures continuing suspense, but also an ongoing tone of mystery. The major contributing factor to this is to be found in the information the reader receives in the exposition. The report on Analytical vs argumentative research, the poisonous fish Fugu, as well as the account of the mother’s death (p. 434) directly introduce the reader to and confront him with the topic of death. Ishiguro uses the Essay website for students service, subsequent scenes of rising action to Democracy and disadvantages of democracy communicate a specific picture of his characters to the reader. Foremost, the website and social, reader is Phd thesis, guided to the impression that the father’s life has become somewhat joyless - the loss of his wife (p.434), the loss of his firm (p.

435), the website for students and social, big, empty house (p. 439). Moreover, the narrative repeatedly turns to topics concerning death or mystery, for example the Analytical vs argumentative research, father’s and and social, Kikuko’s accounts of Watanabe’s death (pp. 435, 438 respectively). Ishiguro thereby alludes to the exposition again and again. Analytical Vs Argumentative Research! The phase of rising action experiences one last jolt when the son believes to recognize his deceased mother in the ghost he saw as a little child (p. 440). The story reaches its climax when the father offers the fish dish as the Essay website and social service, final course.

Undoubtedly, every reader is aware of the immense tension Ishiguro has managed to vs argumentative contrive in this scene. The reader’s mind rushes to recall the information from the exposition, the subtle hints at death and mystery given throughout the story, as well as the father’s lonely life. In addition, the extremely laconic statements concerning the fish uttered by the father and the son (p. 441), Ishiguro’s application of light and shadow to the scene, moving the father’s face from the ‘half-light’ (p. 440) into Essay service ‘shadow’ (p. 441), and the complete lack of insight into the narrator’s thoughts reinforce the tremendous suspense. Inevitably, the college, reader wonders whether the father is Essay for students, poisoning his family.

However, it is doubtful whether the characters in the story experience this climax in the same way as the reader. For the reader regards the action from a more totalitarian point of view and the interpretation of the climax is therefore influenced by additional information such as given in the exposition or the setting. The characters, on the other hand, live, as it were, in the moment and are not manipulated in the way the reader is. Assignment Research! Their behaviour does not give the impression they fear they are being poisoned. It can thus be argued that the story experiences a second climax: confused by his childhood memory of the ghost, the son does recognize his mother on picture(p. 440).

1 As all page numbers are in Essay website service reference to my own copy of the short story, they are unfortunately unlikely to be accurate.

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Create your free Business Plan now. Make an investment-worthy business plan easily with our free template. Select a Industry Fill in the Form. Complete your Business Plan. Print and Download For Free. Business Plans: Writing Guides, Downloadable Templates, and Samples. Updated February 15, 2017 by Legal Templates. 1. For Students And Social Service. Free Business Plan Template Download.

Are you an entrepreneur looking to download a free business plan? If so, you have come to the right place. Legal Templates is happy to provide you with a hassle-free document downloads. Click the buttons below to download (1) a blank document, and (2) a document that is filled in for you to reference. Related Business Documents: Click to View. What’s included in the blank template: In the first download, you will find documents with all of the chapters, section titles, and section subtitles that you will need to successfully complete your plan. Write Writing On Road Accident. Our first plan contains the 8 chapters of a basic business plan including: Chapter 1: Executive Summary: The executive summary provides investors with a general layout of your company.

This chapter is essentially your hook to convince potential financiers that your model is for students and social worthy of their investment. Chapter 2: Company and Financing: In this chapter, the Assignment writing paper goal is to outline the legal and operational structure of your company, financing requirements, the history behind the company, mission statement and the management team. If you are forming a corporation, be sure to include your Articles of Incorporation here. Chapter 3: Products and Services: This section describes what products and/or services your business will sell (now and in the future), and how you will build, assemble and deliver them. It also offers a comparison of your company and your direct and indirect competitors. Chapter 4: Customers and Market Analysis: The customers and market analysis page indicates your target customer segments, what needs you are filling for them , and website for students service the latest trends among these consumers in terms of growth and behavior. Writing Accident. Chapter 5: Marketing and Sales: The marketing and sales chapter allows you to describe how you will sell your product/service. Particularly what are your company’s strategies for positioning, pricing, promotion and distribution.

Chapter 6: Strategy and Essay website for students service Implementation: This chapter will give you an opportunity to Write on road accident set the key milestones that help establish a timeline of progress towards your goals. Additionally, it includes subsections like SWOT analysis, competitive edge, and service strategic alliances. Chapters 7 + 8: Financial Plan, Sales Forecast, Financial Statements: In the final two chapters, entrepreneurs must define and how to calculate the financial variables that will go into the creation/expansion of your idea, including its expenses, your anticipated sales forecast, personnel plan, cash flow assumptions, and more. If you are purchasing an Essay for students and social, existing company, you should also include the business purchase agreement in your plan. What’s included in the template with sample text:

In the second download, we give you a completed ice cream shop plan to reference. Each section gives an write, example of what you should write. Our guide also includes example graphs and and social service charts, so that you are aware of the report on road accident types of financial calculations, plans, and forecasts that a plan should offer to attract investment. For guidance on what you should include in your plan, and why, please reference our How to Write a Business Plan set of articles below. Downloading this small business plan comes at no cost, so feel free to Essay website for students and social start your download and get started. However, you should be aware that there are some pros and cons to Assignment genocide using free business templates, rather than using professional software or an experienced writer. Writing a business plan is a prerequisite to Essay service your company’s success. A solid plan is necessary to help found your company and ensure that your goals remain on Phd thesis on criminology track over time. Your plan can and for students and social service will change as you encounter the report unpredictable variables that come with starting your own company.

If you have an existing company, crafting a solid plan is Essay website for students service equally important if you’re hoping to attract investment and expand your company beyond the Online villanova limits you’ve already reached. Your business strategy should account for the next 3-5 years in advance, and cover every aspect of your industry, including the critical relation between marketing and sales to your company’s finances. Your plan should include the following sections before you submit it to investors. Essay. Click each accordion to read a how-to guide for each chapter: “How to Write a Business Plan” Table of Contents: How to Write the Executive Summary.

The executive summary contains all of the essential information about what makes your business strong and worthy of investment . It covers the major highlights of the rest of your plan’s chapters. The goal is to briefly tell your reader what your company will do, where you want to take it, and why your business idea will be successful. If you are seeking financing, the executive summary is your first opportunity to grab a potential investor’s interest. The executive summary will be the first chapter of your business plan, though it’s actually the last section that you should write . First, you’ll need to do heavy research to encyclopedia ensure that your plan is sound before you can write the executive summary. This section will be different depending on website for students if you are an established business or a new startup.

A startup company’s executive summary will need to of democracy be interesting and convincing to Essay service capture the attention of investors. Accident. Your company will lack the historical data and trends that existing companies are able to provide, but there are strategies to mitigate these factors. First, you’ll need to briefly explain who you are, the background of your management team, and your reasoning behind starting a business in your chosen niche. Secondly, you’ll need to Essay for students demonstrate that you’ve done quality research that supports how you’ve conceptualized your business. Investors know that talk is cheap – do you have the data and Assignment research analysis to back up your claims? Even in a standard plan, the executive summary for an existing business has no set template, although there are several suggested guidelines that you can find around the Essay for students service web. Analytical Vs Argumentative Research Paper. We suggest the following basic template – feel free to add or subtract sections according to your own needs:

Summary Management Team Products and Services Customers Marketing and Sales Financial Forecast Financing Requirements (optional) Describe the Essay and social purpose of the plan (e.g.; to raise a specific amount of debt financing to research genocide expand a store location) as well an overview of the Essay website for students and social service company (name, location, company type, products sold, founder(s) and founding date). Describe the Online college board villanova key milestones or objectives that you want to achieve with this business (these are the tangible results in Essay which you use to Democracy and disadvantages encyclopedia prove success of the venture). This statement should be concise and to website for students and social the point. Summarize the members of the management team, including highlights of on road accident, their expertise and Essay experience . Describe how each member contributes to the success of the organization. Keep this section brief, as you will go into more detail in Analytical the Products and Services section. Products and Services. Describe the products and services you are providing and Essay and social service who the competitors are within the industry . Keep this section brief, as you will go into more detail in Assignment writing research paper the Products and Essay Services section. Describe whom your customer groups are and whom your key customers are , as well as how you will market to them. Keep this section brief, as you will go into more detail in college villanova the Market section.

Describe briefly how you will market your product or service. Summarize the for students major points in the Marketing and Write report on road accident Sales chapter, which may include market positioning, pricing, promotion, and Essay service distribution. Summarize the most important points from the Financial Plan section here. This should include your sales forecasts and projected expenses as well as the logic behind the projections. If you are a new company, describe when you expect to turn a profit . If you are an existing company, highlight past financial performance. 7. Financing Requirements (Optional) Summarize the amount of equity and/or debt financing that you are seeking, when you need it, the use of the funds, and when you expect to reach your next milestone event and/or start paying back the loan.

Keep this at an overview level , as you will go into more detail later on in other chapters. Note: This is a complex question that you cannot answer until you complete your plan, so it is highly recommended you work your way through the Write on road entire writing process first . In particular, complete the financial planning process before attacking this section. For Students And Social. Only then will you be able to identify the amount of money you will need to raise. With these sections fleshed out, you’ve finished your executive summary. How to Write the Company and on road accident Financing Chapter.

The company and finance section of your plan is important, because introducing the management team is website for students and social critical for Assignment writing research paper genocide both start-ups and Essay for students and social service established companies alike. Investors will use this information to gauge the future likelihood of success. Company and Financing Sections. Company Overview Management Team Required Funds (optional) Exit Strategy (optional) Mission Statement (optional) Company History (optional) Location and Facilities (optional) There are many variations and approaches on how to Phd thesis write lay out the various components of a business plan. Our approach for the company overview section is to provide the reader with the company’s legal information, address and a brief description of the company’s history. Since there are follow up sections in this chapter that over website for students go the company’s location and history in more detail, you will want to keep this short (2-3 sentences). A BRIEF PRIMER ON COMPANY TYPES. The optimal company type is best determined by a credible Attorney. The primer below is on criminology meant only to explain the broad differences between the most common company types.

A sole proprietorship, according to the IRS: “A sole proprietor is someone who owns an unincorporated business by him or herself.” While the most simple to set up and the most common, there is a significant drawback: you will be personally liable for any obligations. Website For Students. So for example, if you sell someone a cupcake and they sue you because they found a hair in it, and you lose in Phd thesis how to introduction court, the for students and social service creditors can legally go after your personal possessions – such as the roof over your head. A partnership, according to the IRS: “A partnership is the on criminology relationship existing between two or more persons who join to Essay carry on a trade or business. Each person contributes money, property, labor or skill, and expects to share in vs argumentative paper the profits and losses of the company.” A partnership has certain advantages compared to a LLC, such as not needing to file formation documents when setting up a partnership, and not needing to file dissolution documents if dissolving the partnership. However, similar to sole proprietorships, partners in a partnership have unlimited liability for the company’s debts and liabilities. Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs) LLPs are different from traditional partnerships in that there are two classes of partners: (1) General partners that have full management and control but also full personal liability and (2) Limited partners that have no personal liability beyond their investment in website for students and social the partnership interest. Limited partners are often times “silent partners” that wish to invest in the venture but limit their exposure to liability. A corporation is a separate legal entity owned by shareholders.

A corporation is commonplace for businesses that anticipate seeking venture capital financing. The downside to a corporation is the problem of Online college board, “double taxation” since the corporation’s profits is Essay and social taxed at Analytical vs argumentative research, the corporate level, and Essay service then any dividends distributed to shareholders are then taxed again at the personal level. You can elect a special tax status with the IRS to have your corporation not be taxed at how to write, the corporate level (instead, it would be taxed as a pass-through entity). Some of the drawbacks include not being able to website and social service have more than 100 shareholders , and Phd thesis on criminology not being able to have non-US citizens/residents. A popular choice among many small businesses , a LLC limits the and social service member’s personal liability and only taxes profits at the individual level (acts as a pass-through entity). Describe the type of writing on road accident, company you plan to open, along with the website service registered name you plan to use. Explain your rationale – for introduction example, if you are starting a company where you plan on seeking venture capital financing, then you will want to start a C-Corporation as majority of VCs will insist on this legal structure. If you have a home office/no dedicated business address.

Include your current office setup and your future office plans once your company expands, if applicable. For start-ups, and especially those seeking financing, the Management Team section is especially critical. With the lack of and social, history, there is little investors can go by to gauge the future success of a venture. The question lenders and investors will ask: Why should we trust your team with our money? You must demonstrate your team’s ability to execute on the stated goals. Phd Thesis Introduction. To accomplish this, you should highlight: Background of each member of the management team (education, relevant work experience, etc.) Roles and responsibilities within the company. Tip: Don’t include details about members of the Management Team that are not relevant to the reader. Everything presented should reinforce why your team is the right team to execute on the company’s vision.

If you have an established business the for students information you want to Analytical vs argumentative research paper present is the same. Essay Website For Students And Social Service. Keep in genocide mind, however, that you also want to demonstrate that your team has the capability to manage growth of the company. For Students Service. As a company grows from start-up to villanova established business, the management team must also change. They must be able to manage employees, institute standardized systems, and ensure the business’s ability to scale operations while keeping profitability stable. If you already have a Board of Directors and/or Advisory Board, list these individuals and Essay for students and social a brief description. In a publically trading company the Board of Directors is elected by the shareholders and is the highest authority in writing research genocide the management of the company. For our purposes (context of a private company that is most likely a startup or small but growing business), a Board of Directors is Essay for students service comprised of investor(s), founder(s), CEO and independent board member(s) who have substantial business and industry experience. A Board of Director’s typical responsibility is to set broad policies for the company, determine compensation for company management, and approve annual budgets.

An advisory board is a group of business leaders that can help guide your company and provides it with assistance when needed. How To Write. Choose individuals with knowledge in your industry and are willing to play a role in your company . While some advisors are compensated, it comes down to a case-by-case basis, frequently depending on how much time the member is committed to website for students your company. Tips on building your Advisory Board: Choose a well-respected and well-known individual as the first member of your Advisory Board. Analytical Research. This will help you to recruit other members of the Board. Essay Website For Students Service. Choose individuals that have strengths and relationships your business will need.

As your business evolves, so will the members of your Advisory Board. Online College. Feel free to shake up the line up over time. In this section you will tell the reader how much money you need to raise, what you are going to use it for, and how you got to the requested amount. Important note: This is a complex question that you cannot answer until you complete your plan, so it is highly recommended you work your way through the entire writing process and in particular, complete the financial planning process. Only then will you be able to identify the amount of money you will need to raise.

There are two primary financing options: equity and Essay and social debt. The primary difference between equity and debt financing is that debt financing is essentially a loan that is backed by of democracy encyclopedia, your assets or via a personal guarantee. If your company is Essay for students and social already in existence and has trading history, then you may also secure a loan off of your receivables. In contrast, equity financing is essentially you exchanging a stake in your company for a specific sum of money from an investor . Assignment Writing Research. Therefore, the Essay website for students amount you are able to raise from investors comes down to how much they value your company. There are three fundamental questions every savvy investor will ask you: Cool idea, how do you make money with it? How much money do you need, and why and vs argumentative paper when? What do you think your company is worth? If you are seeking financing (regardless of its equity or debt), that most likely means that your financial model shows your company taking a loss in the initial stages, followed by break-even and website service subsequent profitability.

The money you are seeking to college villanova raise will simply allow you to have enough cash to cover the initial period where you will be taking a loss so that you can eventually make a profit. This is website and social a simplification; you may be raising money to further grow your company, which may already be profitable. Or you might use the financing to get your product to college board villanova the next stage in its product development lifecycle (i.e.; milestone event). But the general concept is the Essay website and social service same; the investment you are seeking bolsters your company’s cash position , allowing it to grow revenue and/or profitability. Cool idea, how do you make money with it? / How much money do you need, and why and when? The financial statements provide the answer to the first two questions (which is why we recommend you complete your plan first). To answer how much money you need, analyze the board cash flow statement to determine the cumulative cash flow. The lowest point on this curve will tell you what your maximum financing needs are , and at Essay and social service, what point in advantages of democracy encyclopedia time. What do you think your company is worth? The third question is much harder to website for students and social service answer, especially for a new company. Write Report Writing On Road. At the end of the day it really comes down to what an investor thinks your company is website service worth (which is more art than science).

However, there are three popular methods of how to write, valuing a company that can help you come up with a valuation to Essay website for students and social facilitate the Assignment writing research negotiation. Cost approach (asset based approach) The cost approach seeks to determine a company’s value by Essay for students and social service, analyzing the market value of its assets. In other words, in this approach the company is worth the sum of all its assets if they were to be liquidated . This approach may be appropriate for some industries such as real estate where the asset value may actually be worth more than the going concern value (present value of future cash flows generated by the asset). However, for many companies the value of on criminology, its branding and reputation, along with its ability to generate profits, will exceed the value of its assets.

The market approach seeks to determine a company’s value by analyzing recent sales of similar assets, with the theory that valuations of similar companies can serve as a good proxy. This is a common approach in website for students and social the real estate industry. The income approach seeks to determine a company’s value by Online college board villanova, using its expected profit over time and then placing a value on Essay for students and social that future stream of income in today’s terms . Since there is inherent uncertainty with a future stream of income, there are numerous ways to discount that expected income to account for risk. Now you have all the pieces to complete the Phd thesis equation. You have the amount of Essay and social service, money you need by looking at cumulative cash flow. Vs Argumentative. You also have an idea of for students and social service, how much money your company will be worth. Equation to determine how much equity you should offer:

Equity to board villanova offer = Company Valuation / Money needed. If raising debt, you are not exchanging equity for service cash. Instead, you should focus on the loan’s interest rate and payment schedule. Make sure you will be turning a profit that is both large enough and soon enough to ensure there is no delinquency on servicing the loan. For equity financing, answer the following: Investment amount needed When you need it How much time it will buy you / When you expect to turn a profit or get to the next milestone event % of equity offered and at what company valuation (you may wish to Online keep exact figures vague in Essay service order to further negotiate) Exit strategy. For debt financing, answer the following:

Loan amount needed When you need it When you will be able to pay back the loan The amount and frequency of on road, loan payments. In addition to the information above, you should also summarize how you plan to use the website and social funds. The level of board, detail should be at a high level ; if the investor or lender wants to Essay see expenses in more detail that will be available in the Appendix within the Profit/Loss statement. Construction of research genocide, new kitchen: Kitchen remodeling, March 1, 2014, $25,000 Kitchen hardware, April 1, 2014, $50,000 Total Loan Amount: $75,000. If based on your financial model you anticipate relatively small yet variable expenses month to month, a line of credit may be a good choice. For Students Service. With a line of Phd thesis, credit you draw upon it when you require the Essay website and social funds and Democracy advantages encyclopedia pay interest immediately on the money as it is borrowed. It works very similarly to a credit card in that you typically have a pre-set limit to how much you can borrow, the major exception that since you may be able to secure the line of Essay service, credit with assets, you may be able to get better terms. In the Quick Start Guide we briefly went over the different strategies available and how thinking about your company’s eventual exit will help shape your business model. It’s recommended you review the Quick Start guide and practice that exercise. Depending on your company, there are various exit strategies available, including:

Selling your business Passing it down through the Phd thesis how to write introduction family Taking the company public (IPO) Liquidation. If you are seeking equity financing, then your investors will pay close attention to this section. Angel investors and VCs demand a large return on their investment since they are taking a large risk by Essay and social service, investing into your company. Therefore, you need to include detailed information on how you intend to sell the company or take it public. Demonstrating a large market opportunity. If investors are going to Phd thesis on criminology take a big risk, they demand a big return. For Students And Social. You need to demonstrate your business has the potential to Analytical paper either take substantial market share from an incumbent competitor, or create a new market. Investors like to be in hot, growing industries such as biotechnology, mobile e-commerce and healthcare. These are all industries that have huge upside growth potential and ones that investors are more inclined to invest in. Solving a larger company’s problem. If your exit strategy is to sell your company to a larger company, then identify how your company’s product solves that larger company’s stated problems and/or goals.

For example, Apple’s mapping software is website and social service playing catch-up to Phd thesis Google Maps. If your company can help Apple improve its software, your company would become an Essay website for students and social service, attractive acquisition target. The mission statement reflects the board core purpose and vision of the company. It’s a statement your employees and Essay website for students customers can get behind. Some tips on writing a well-crafted mission statement: Keep it short.

1-2 sentences max. Don’t use “fluff” words. Make the statement mean something. A mission statement, if done well, should encapsulate both what the company does (what it sells) as well as the culture/vision/purpose. Examples of Fortune 500 firms that really get it right: A. BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB COMPANY (PHARMACEUTICALS) Mission Statement: “To discover, develop and deliver innovative medicines that help patients prevail over serious diseases.”

Why it’s great: The keywords “discover, develop and deliver” demonstrate the company’s capability to in delivering an writing, end-to-end solution. By using the and social words “innovate” and “prevail over serious diseases” it serves as a rallying call for their thousands of employees that what they are doing is (1) cutting edge and (2) has a higher purpose then themselves. Mission statement: “ We will be the Online college board villanova easiest pharmacy retailer for customers to use.” Why it’s great: In one short sentence, the company has managed to (1) describe what it sells (2) how it will win in the marketplace. It is a pharmacy retailer and it will solely focus on making itself easier for and social the customer to use (that could mean so many things, such as innovating online to Online fulfill prescriptions to website for students service improved customer service within their stores).

Example of poorly written mission statements. A. FORTUNE 500 FOOD AND BEVERAGE COMPANY. Mission statement: “ The Company’s primary objective is to maximize long-term stockholder value, while adhering to Write report writing the laws of the and social service jurisdictions in which it operates and at all times observing the research paper highest ethical standards.” Why it’s horrible: It does not serve as a rallying call for employees, suppliers, or partners. Its objectives are obvious (what company does not want to website for students and social maximize value) and borderline absurd (are there companies that do not want to adhere to local and federal laws)? Lastly, it does not mention what the company actually does. B. FORTUNE 500 VEHICLE PARTS SUPPLIER. Mission Statement: “ We are committed to attracting, developing, and keeping a diverse work force that reflects the nature of Assignment writing paper genocide, our global business.” Why its horrible: While a diverse workforce is certainly not a bad thing, only stating that as the company’s mission statement is ineffective, lacks direction or focus, and completely misses the Essay for students and social point of having a mission statement. This is predominately for businesses that have previous trading history, but can also be used by new companies that want to highlight relevant history on how the company came to Online college board existence, work completed to date, milestones achieved, etc.

Some information you may want to include: Start date First location First product/service Significant milestones/events. Reminder: keep in mind that there is no set rule as to Essay website for students service the level of detail you want to include. Vs Argumentative Paper. This is dictated by the relevancy of the information to the reader and how this information helps strengthen your plan’s ability to build credibility for your company. Every company is made of milestones. Milestones for a business are achievements that demonstrate the business is on the right track. They are best when quantifiable and measureable.

For example, achieving a working prototype of your product, or getting to break-even, are both huge milestones that showcase your ability to Essay execute and reduces subsequent risk of your company. Key concept: The more uncertainty that you can take off from the table, the better valuation you can get for your business. For businesses that have a retail or manufacturing component, this is an Phd thesis on criminology, important section of your plan. Information you may want to include: Size (e.g.; in Essay website for students sq. ft.) Location/Address Other notable facts, such as equipment at Online college, the facility. Location is important for Essay for students and social service a large number of retail businesses, whether you are a restaurant or purveyor of consumer products. If possible, provide statistics about the retail location you have chosen or are planning to choose. Describe the lease terms you are able to secure, and if there are any laws that protect the Write report on road lessee from unreasonable price increases.

You can read a detailed article about what to look for in a lease agreement here. Provide detailed information on the manufacturing facilities. For example, your operation may require a reliable source of electricity and Essay and social service water. Describe how the facility provides the business with these resources. If the facility is write pre-existing equipment or structures that can be leveraged, make mention of that. Location can be an Essay website and social, important aspect of your business even if you are not in retail or manufacturing. For example, you might want to open your software company in vs argumentative research paper Silicon Valley as that provides a competitive advantage from an employee recruitment and fundraising perspective.

If you operate out of a home office. Describe your future expansion plans, including expected date of expansion. Upon completing these sections, you will then be finished with the company and financing section of your business plan. Writing the for students and social service Products and how to introduction Services Chapter. The products and services chapter of your business plan should be written clearly and descriptively, to help give investors a comprehensive understanding of the bread and butter of Essay website and social service, your business. Your products and services section should include the following sections. Products and Services Chapter Sections. Products and Services Competitors Sourcing and Fulfillment (optional) Technology (optional) Intellectual Property (optional) Future Products and Services (optional)

Your products and research services are the for students and social service lifeblood of your business – it’s what your customers need, and Assignment research if you get this right, everything else will follow . Commonly referred to as “product lift”, which essentially means getting the Essay website and social service secret sauce working. It means that customers want to Phd thesis on criminology buy your product/service, and you are filling a need that was previously not satisfied. Thinking in terms of benefits vs. features. What is the consumer really buying? For example, a person buying a Rolex watch is not only buying a device to tell time, but the prestige and status that comes with a luxury product.

Think about what end benefit your product/service delivers. Of course, the functional aspects of your product/service are also important. Depending on what you are going to sell, think through the features it will provide, packaging, design, branding, quality, and other aspects that help position and/or differentiate it from competing products/services. You may have heard the business adage that acquiring a new customer is for students and social indefinitely more expensive then keeping an existing customer. One of the reasons this is true is the potential to sell additional add-ons, upgrades and advantages and disadvantages substitute products/services to existing customers . Think about and social how you can drive incremental revenue. Whether it’s via subscriptions, repeat business, or annual contracts, you may be providing products/services that generate a recurring revenue stream. This is a good thing, because (1) your revenue can be more predictable and and disadvantages of democracy stable (2) you are maximizing earning potential . Think how you can generate recurring revenue, which is and social expressed with a metric called Lifetime Value per customer.

You will complete the price you want to set your products/services in the Financial Plan chapter, and we also have a section for you to Phd thesis on criminology describe your pricing strategy; however it is advisable to Essay for students service start thinking about on criminology how you want to price your products/services. Competitive analysis is an Essay and social, extremely useful tool and one that should be revisited often as the competitive landscape changes over Write report writing time. It starts with competitive analysis. Background (location, history, ownership) Financials (revenue, profitability) Products (product line, services, patents, licenses) Marketing (channels used and budget, pricing, alliances/affiliates) Personnel (headcount, notable executives, compensation, job openings) Market share Strengths, Weaknesses. Tips on how to perform competitive analysis. The Internet makes this much easier then in and social days past.

Some ideas: Google search using keywords that your customers would use to find you Look up industry association websites Look up directories such as Yahoo or Crunchbase Use Indeed.com to find your competitor’s job openings Competitor’s websites Find your competitor’s management team members on LinkedIn. Not only do you have to worry about current competitors you can see, but you have to introduction be vigilant and be on the lookout for new entrants. Essay For Students Service. For example, a company that already sells to your customer base may see your industry as a logical next step. You should consider the likelihood of new entrants high if: The industry sees high margins (its super profitable) There is unmet demand (more customers then suppliers) There are no major barriers to vs argumentative research paper entry (does not take much to start competing) There is future growth potential (such as mobile apps) Much of this is common sense – if you see a market opportunity that no one is competing in website yet, don’t expect that you will be alone for Assignment writing research genocide long. Sourcing is simply the process of procuring goods and website for students and social service services from suppliers that are required for your company to make its products or deliver its service. Some things to consider when choosing and managing your suppliers:

Cost: This is an obvious one – the lower the price, the Phd thesis write introduction higher your profit margins will be. Payment terms: The longer you have to pay your suppliers, the more working capital you have on hand. Reliability: You must consider how reliable your suppliers are and what would happen to your ability to operate if they cannot deliver. Scalability: As your business expands, will your suppliers be able to meet your needs? Fulfillment is simply the process of how your company delivers its products/services, from point of sale to delivery. There are several popular fulfillment options:

Engineer to order: the product is designed and built to customer specifications (e.g.; large construction projects) Build to order: the product’s design is standardized but manufacture of final product is based off of customer specifications (e.g.; aircraft and yachts) Assemble to Essay website and social order: the Assignment research genocide product is assembled to the customer’s specifications using pre-fabricated components (e.g.; Chipotles burritos, Dell computers) Make to stock: the product is manufactured in quantity based on Essay and social expected sales of the Phd thesis on criminology product (e.g.; retailers) If you are going to be selling physical products and website for students service expect to hold inventory, then you should pay very close attention to how you forecast the amount of Democracy and disadvantages of democracy, inventory you need to meet your projected sales. Too little inventory and you may not be able to meet demand. Too much inventory and you tie up all of your cash on excess inventory. Some key points: Have accurate sales forecasts. Use historical sales data if you have it, and make sure you account for seasonality. Have accurate inventory tracking.

Use bar code scanning or equivalent to ensure there are no data entry errors. Utilize inventory management software. QuickBooks, Sage, and a plethora of other vendors provide a cloud-based solution for you to manage and website for students and social maximize your inventory levels. Technology in today’s business environment is becoming more and more important and serves as a source of competitive advantage. Analytical Vs Argumentative. Take Wal-Mart or FedEx as two examples of website for students and social service, companies that provide services (low-cost products and shipping), but utilize technology as a critical means of delivering those services. Wal-Mart uses a sophisticated supply chain management IT system to board villanova ensure its low prices. FedEx uses technology to optimize delivery routes and times, which enables it to ship to service practically every corner of the globe, seamlessly and with very low error rates. Think about how technology plays a part in your business and if it is Analytical paper critical to Essay service your business operations. If technology is critical to your business operations, then you must think about your disaster preparedness and contingency planning . Depending on your business, you may want to create back-up copies of data and software, routine security checks, and securing physical assets. What would happen if you lost access to the technology? Think about alternatives that you could utilize.

For example, if you license a piece of software and later down the road decide that the cost is Assignment writing research too high, is there a competitor who can license you an alternative? If you have exclusive rights to a technology, either through a patent or through an exclusive license agreement, this is a great competitive advantage and one that you will want to describe in Essay for students and social service detail. There are two types of intellectual property that may be applicable to Analytical vs argumentative research paper a business: industrial property (such as patents and trademarks), and copyright (such as novels and movies). If you have intellectual property that you want to protect, it is advisable that you seek the professional advice of a good Patent/IP Attorney , since this is a great way to provide a barrier to website entry for your business. Intellectual property type 1: Industry property. These include inventions (patents), trademarks and report industrial designs (trade secrets, trade dress). If you have any proprietary process or technology then it is recommended that you apply for for students and social a patent to protect your invention. You should apply for a trademark for your company name and Phd thesis logo as well. Intellectual property type 2: copyright.

These include literary and artistic works such as novels, poems and plays, films, musical works, artistic works such as drawings, paintings, photographs and sculptures, and architectural designs. In 2011, counterfeit copyrighted and website for students service trademarked goods were a $600 billion dollar industry worldwide. Enforcing your intellectual property may be feasible from Phd thesis, a legal point of view, but many times is not practical in practice. For example, Microsoft cannot possibly prosecute every single instance where its popular operating systems are copied and downloaded. IP and your employees and contractors. It is service just as important to secure your intellectual property in relation to research your employees and contractors. Everyone should be required to sign an Essay for students and social, invention assignment agreement, which basically states that the company owns all works produced while contracted by the company. In addition, you may consider handing out serialized notebooks for employees to use , so that if there is Phd thesis write ever a conflict as to whom owns a piece of intellectual property, there is a physical record. If you have future products and services planned, it is Essay for students and social a good idea to research describe the product roadmap and for students service strategy behind it . A key concept is that of Democracy advantages, product lifecycle, which describes the stages of the life of a product.

During this phase, your product will incur heavy promotional costs as you get the word out. You may discount the price of the product to encourage new customers. During this phase, you may focus on expanding your product to new segments in the marketplace, and expand the product line (for example, with new colors or other variations). During this phase, you are enjoying the Essay fruits of your labor. You may add new features to your product to stay competitive and to further differentiate your product from competitors. Marketing spend for your product starts to dissipate as sales of your product are in steady decline.

After including all of Assignment research, this information, you’ll have completed the products and website for students and social service services chapter. Writing the Customers and Market Analysis Chapter. The customers and market analysis chapter will give you an research paper, opportunity to describe what your customer segments are, what needs you are filling for them, and how these groups of customers are trending in website terms of growth and behavior. This chapter also includes any regulatory restrictions specific to your industry. Customers and Phd thesis Market Analysis Sections. Market Overview Market Needs Market Trends (optional) Market Growth (optional) Industry Analysis (optional) Key Customers (optional) In the market overview section you are going to calculate the total market (referred to as Total Addressable Market) for your products, and then the segment of that market your business can capture. Total addressable market can be thought of in several distinct levels.

At the highest level is an Essay website and social service, estimate of the total market given 100% saturation. Another way of looking at this is what would be the total market if one company had 100% market share. Once you have the total addressable market, then you can estimate what percentage of this you can realistically capture. This, of course, is much harder to predict with accuracy. So the important thing to Analytical remember is to for students and social service utilize strong sources for your assumptions. For example, lets say you plan to open a high-end steakhouse in downtown Miami.

To calculate your total addressable market, you might count how many high-end restaurants are in Phd thesis how to write the downtown area and research the Essay for students and social service average annual sales for each restaurant. Then multiply the two to Write report writing accident get the Essay service total sales for Analytical paper all high-end restaurants. This would be your total addressable market. Using the example above, we can then drill down to the next level and determine what percentage of the Essay website for students and social market you can realistically capture. You might assume that you will take an equal share of the on criminology market, thereby decreasing all other competitor’s shares in and social the market. Or you might offer cheaper prices, which you assume would take a larger percent of the market. Whatever your assumption, make sure it is well documented and logical.

To obtain jaw-dropping product-lift you must solve a difficult and painful problem for the customer. And if there are competitors, you must solve the problem better than them, and enough so that customers are willing to switch to Write writing on road accident your company. Describe what problem your product is and social service solving. If you are targeting multiple customer segments, make sure you go into detail on college board villanova how your product serves each customer segment. Describe how your solution better solves customer’s pain points then your competitors. We as consumers are inherently lazy. We do not want to go through the time and cost of switching from one company’s product/services unless it is compelling enough, which is dependent on the switching cost.

For example, there is virtually no cost to switch from Coke to Pepsi. On the other hand, there is high switching cost associated with migrating from a Mac to a PC. To overcome this problem, describe how your product either is able to service overcome customer’s inherent adversity towards switching products, or if your product is able to vs argumentative research paper reach new customers and Essay website and social service bypass switching costs altogether (in other words, instead of Online, taking customers away from Essay for students service, your competitors, you are creating a new market for your products). Understanding market trends at Democracy advantages of democracy encyclopedia, the macro level is critical for various aspects of your business. Essay Website. A growing or shrinking market is described in more detail in the market growth section.

Below are some of the board villanova other factors that will affect market trends: The overall economy has a disproportionate effect on some businesses. For example, dog-walking services usually see a decline in sales as households reduce spending on non-essential purchases. Government regulations and policies can completely alter an industry, so it is imperative that you are up to date on upcoming changes. For example, the Jobs Act of 2012 allowed for the first time non-accredited investors to participate in private placement of securities. This in turn has created a new market for Essay for students and social service crowd-funding websites to emerge to connect startups with all types of investors. You may be in advantages of democracy an industry where political conditions have an impact on the bottom line. For example, if you count the Essay website for students and social Dept. of Defense as one of your clients, then the across-the-board budget cuts (i.e.; Sequestration in the Budget Control Act of 2011) would surely have a negative effect on your business. If you build your business on top of a technology platform that will soon be replaced with a more cost affordable, powerful, and easier to use technology, then that will surely put you in Democracy advantages a less advantageous position. Knowing technology trends is for students and social service valuable in ensuring you are gaining a competitive advantage through the use of technology. Your customers may change their sensitivity to price depending on a variety of factors, including competition, macroeconomic conditions, and changing consumer tastes.

Keeping an eye on this trend will ensure you optimize your pricing strategy. Market growth, mathematically, is board villanova simply measuring the change in market size from Essay for students and social service, one time period to the next (usually in years). So if the Analytical market in the first year was $100 million and $150 million the second year, then the market can be said to have grown by 50%. You will find that measuring market growth using historical market size data is much easier then forecasting market growth. Utilize publically available data sources, trade publications, market research firms, and government agencies to find much of this research. Being able to for students service demonstrate a market is Phd thesis write introduction growing is obviously important – for example, the market for website Blackberry accessories is clearly a declining market. Most investors and lenders will not want to Online board see a new business chase after dwindling customers. On the other hand, the market for for students and social Apple and Samsung phone accessories have seen great growth and will continue to grow as those companies continue to add new customers.

Your industry is defined as the group of companies that are related to you in terms of Democracy of democracy encyclopedia, what you sell/how you derive your revenue. Essay For Students Service. For example, Ford and Nissan are both in the automotive industry. Ford and Nissan’s market (i.e.; customers) would be the end consumers who buy their cars. You will want to and disadvantages of democracy encyclopedia describe your industry name/classification (SIC/NAICS Code), which can be found on the Dept. of Labor website. Understanding your industry’s dynamics is imperative to knowing it’s profit potential and attractiveness. A popular framework for conducting industry analysis is Porter’s five forces analysis, which analyzes an industry’s competitiveness (and therefore attractiveness). By performing this analysis you will have a clear picture of website for students and social service, your competitors and Assignment how your company fits within the competitive landscape. If your industry has low barriers to entry and Essay website service low switching costs, then expect increased competition, as there is little standing in Democracy advantages and disadvantages of democracy encyclopedia the way for for students new entrants to enter the market and compete.

If your industry is supplied by very few suppliers with little alternative but to source from those suppliers, then expect downward pressure on your margins. If your industry only has a small number of buyers, or there are many alternative products to choose from, then expect downward pressure on Write report writing on road accident your margins. If there are many substitute products in your industry and the switching costs between them are low, then expect substantial competition. An industry is very competitive if there are many competitors about the same size, there is Essay and social little differentiation between competitor’s products, and it is mature with little growth (so the only way to Democracy advantages and disadvantages of democracy grow is to take a competitor’s market share). Although your product may cater to many different sets of customers, you want to focus on a select group that will be the most likely to purchase your product/service and account for the lion’s share of your company’s revenue.

For many businesses, you will soon realize that a large portion of your revenue comes from a small percentage of your customers. Essay Website For Students Service. For example, Starbucks may realize their key customers are white-collar business types that purchase a cup of coffee every day, versus the Phd thesis student type that comes in once a month. When you can name your key customers. If you are in a business where volumes are low and prices are high, then you should be able to name your key customers individually. In this case, you should describe in detail your relationship with each of them separately. If you’ve filled out this chapter, congratulations. Doing market research and customer analysis is a complicated and time consuming task. Time to move on to the next chapter!

Writing the Marketing and website and social service Sales Chapter. The marketing and sales chapter gives you an opportunity to describe how you will manage your sales force and what sales activities they will conduct in order to Phd thesis how to write introduction close sales. Overview Positioning Pricing Promotion Distribution. In this section, summarize your marketing plan, being sure to include: Positioning: Are you going to be the lowest cost provider or provide a differentiated product? Pricing: How will you price your products/services? Promotion: How will your market your products/services? Distribution: Where will your product/services be available? Tip: It will be easier to write this section after you complete the subsequent sections as the overview section summarizes key findings from the for students other section.

Keep this section at Analytical vs argumentative research, the summary-level, as you will go into further detail in the subsequent sections. Describe how you position your company within the competitive landscape. Will you compete on price, or will you differentiate your offering and stand out from your peers? For example, Wal-Mart positions itself as the low-cost provider in an industry, while Apple designs premium products to reach the website and social luxury end of the market. Provide your product/service at the cheapest price point in Analytical vs argumentative paper the marketplace.

There are three primary ways to achieve this: Economies of Scale: For example, being able to turn more tables in a restaurant or produce more widgets in for students a factory. The more you are able to produce from your asset, the cheaper it becomes. It will also be harder for your competitors to enter the market since you have fixed assets and experience that requires a large investment. Low operating costs: Keeping costs down across all aspects of the business, including: Standardization: Limited customization Outsourcing: Outsourcing labor to low cost production centers Thrift: Limiting advertising and Analytical RD spend Optimized supply-chain: By lowering inventory and negotiating with suppliers, companies can substantially improve their profitability and cash flow. Making your product/service unique by targeting a specific segment of the Essay website market is a compelling strategy, especially if: Your customers are not price sensitive The market is competitive Your are targeting a specific niche You can provide a product/service that is not easily copied. You can also achieve differentiation through branding and marketing – for example, Starbucks sells premium coffee at a premium price point, primarily through the Phd thesis on criminology strength of for students and social, their branding and not through the of democracy taste of their coffee.

Determining the optimal price for website for students and social service your products/services will require you to think through several factors: If you are going shooting for the low cost provider strategy, then you will want to price yourself accordingly. Likewise, if you are going for the luxury end of the Analytical vs argumentative paper market, then a higher price is often times a proxy for quality. How price sensitive are your customers? If your customers are making their purchase decision primarily based on price, then you will want to be sensitive to this. The price you set must be high enough to over your costs so you can turn a profit. There are, of for students and social service, course, exceptions. For example, you might want to achieve economies of Analytical vs argumentative research paper, scale by maximizing units sold, or you might be maximizing revenue to achieve dominant market share.

There may be regulatory/legal constraints on how much you can charge. For example, payday loan vendors are restricted in how much they can charge their customers. Looking at what your competitors charge can give you a understanding of what current customers are accustomed to paying and will likely be willing to website for students pay for Phd thesis write introduction your products/services. There are price points that consumers are psychologically more accustomed to, such as amounts ending in .99 or .95. In this section, you move from describing your marketing plan onto how you will convey your marketing message to for students service your intended audience. What marketing channels will you utilize to how to write introduction reach your target customers? Depending on your business, traditional media may be an important component of your complete marketing toolbox. These would include television, radio, billboards, flyers, etc. In today’s environment few companies can afford not to have a strong online presence. There are a myriad of options available. Each marketing channel must be carefully measured for effectiveness, as online marketing can quickly add up and Essay service consume a small business’s entire marketing budget.

A website is a key component of your digital marketing efforts as it will be the destination in which your online leads will first visit. Some online marketing options include: Search engines (i.e.; Google, Bing) Directories (Yelp, Angies List) Daily deals (Groupon) Email marketing Social media (Facebook, Twitter) Word of mouth marketing is by far the most profitable and Analytical research powerful marketing channel available to website for students any business. Phd Thesis. New customers that are referred to your business are more likely to purchase and more likely to continue referring your company. There are ways to boost word of mouth marketing, especially with the advent of website and social service, social media. For example, asking a satisfied customer to Write report like your business on Essay website for students service Yelp and Facebook will potentially reach hundreds of their contacts, all with one click. Integrating social media into your word of mouth marketing strategy is on criminology invaluable for every business. Blogging/Becoming a subject matter expert.

Having a leading voice in your industry will help your business gain credibility from customers, suppliers, partners and competitors. You can start by participating on Essay website and social service public forums and blogs related to your business and adapting the adage “give more to get more”. How will your products be available? On one end of the spectrum is direct marketing, whereby you sell directly to your customers. Or if you manufacture your products, you might sell through distributors, who in turn sell to retailers, who in turn sell to Write report writing accident consumers. Essay For Students Service. Three common models: Product is stocked in research mass-market distribution channels. Examples include soft drinks, magazines, etc. Product is specialized and sold through specialized channels. Examples include nautical computers and tooling/machinery. Product is only sold through an exclusive channel.

Examples include luxury products such as high-end motorcycles or designer handbags. The Internet presents an unparalleled opportunity to reach customers directly, as well as working with online channel partners to reach and sell to customers. Writing the Strategy and Implementation Chapter. The strategy and implementation chapter will give you an opportunity to define the key milestones that mark meaningful progress towards your goals. It also includes sections that further elaborate on your competitors. Strategy and Implementation Sections. Milestones SWOT Analysis (optional) Competitive Edge (optional) Strategic Alliances (optional) Milestones are the key events that demonstrate progress is being made , such as completing the Essay website for students company’s first prototype or breaking even. These provide a tangible way to measure the success of the business venture. Milestones are so incredibly important to a business yet are one of those things that can be easily overlooked. Why are milestones so important?

Because they are a way to measure meaningful progress of a company that in effect, makes that company less risky (and therefore more valuable). A new company has an extremely high-risk profile – but as it meets tangible milestones, such as completing a prototype or breaking even, the company’s risk decreases. It becomes more apparent that the venture will succeed. Investors and lenders will be looking at what milestones your company has reached in Write report order to create a fair valuation. Milestones might include: Assembling company team First working prototype Filing/receiving patent or other IP Securing physical location for store First paying customer Breaking even Turning a profit* *If you can demonstrate not only Essay for students and social, turning a profit, but also sustaining that profit, then that is a huge milestone. SWOT Analysis is a useful technique for understanding your company’s strengths and weaknesses , while identifying both the opportunities open to paper your business and the threats it faces. Strengths and and social Weaknesses refer to internal factors in your company, such as: Employees and staff Physical assets such as equipment and facilities Financial assets. Opportunities and Threats refer to external factors facing your company, such as: Market trends Regulatory and legal Macroeconomic conditions Competitors.

Competitive edge can be bucketed into four primary areas: cost, differentiation, innovation and Analytical vs argumentative research paper operational effectiveness. Are you providing a product/service at a lower cost then your competitors? This is a straightforward competitive edge that is very difficult to for students deliver. Providing the lowest cost may require operating on razor thin profit margins or heavy investment in fixed costs in order to achieve economies of scale. Are you providing a product/service that your competitors are not offering or cannot offer? This is a common strategy whereby you provide differentiated value in order to better serve customers and/or reach a portion of the Online villanova market that may be under-served. Are you leapfrogging your competition and providing a notably superior or new product/service? Popularized by the book “Blue Ocean Strategy”, creating new demand in an uncontested market space is a powerful business strategy. Do you provide superior time to market or customer service?

For example, your customers may be willing to pay a higher price for Essay better customer service . Nordstrom’s is an Phd thesis on criminology, example of a company that uses superior customer service as a competitive advantage. Forging strategic alliances is website for students a commonplace occurrence in business. There are a wide variety of alliances you might encounter, with various parties in Phd thesis on criminology which you do business. Even if you do not have any alliances, there may be an opportunity for for students service a partnership in the future and that should be included in this section. You might have a supplier who has a disproportionate amount of influence and Assignment writing power of your business.

Striking a partnership in this case may decrease those risk factors and provide a competitive advantage over your competitors. You might have a large portion of your revenue coming from service, several key customers. Inking an Phd thesis write introduction, exclusive agreement to lock in revenue would, for website service instance, give you predictable cash flow. It is not uncommon to on criminology partner with competitors under certain circumstances – for example, to website for students service set standards for Analytical research paper the industry or to help further adoption of a technology. Essay And Social. For example, Sony and Panasonic partnered together to increase the adoption of Online board villanova, Blu-ray DVDs. Aligning your brand with another company is frequently used, especially if both brands are targeting the same demographic. For example, Samsung is the official sponsor of the Olympic games and will provide free mobile phones to all Olympic athletes. Upon completing these sections, your strategy and for students and social service implementation chapter will be finished. Writing the Financial Plan, Statements, and Sales Forecast Chapters. Writing the financial plan, financial statements, and sales forecast will be the most difficult part of Write on road accident, your entire plan.

It requires making a large number of intelligent assumptions about the size of the market you can realistically target, and and social the costs associated with making your product or rendering your services. These sections are the Phd thesis red meat of your plan — these are the Essay and social chapters that any seasoned angel investor or venture capitalist will dig into to make sure they know they’re making a solid financial investment. Chapter 7: Financial Plan and Sales Forecast Sections. Sales Forecast Personnel Plan Budget Cash Flow Assumptions Loans and Investments Starting Balances Historical Financials Key Metrics for Success. Define the of democracy encyclopedia price in Essay for students and social which you will sell your products and services, the cost it will take to produce or sell the product/service, and the number of units you will sell. Be conservative when making your estimates on the number of units you will sell, ensuring you have a reasonable methodology when making your forecast.

It is Phd thesis on criminology highly recommended that you first complete the following sections as they lay the foundation for defining the sales forecast. Products/Services section: Defines what you will sell and at and social, what price point; also seeks to define the how to introduction production cost Target Market section: Defines the size of your target market and what quantities you can sell. Tip: Your sales forecast should sync with your Sales and Marketing plan. For example, if you plan on hiring several sales people nine months from the start of website for students service, your business, you should forecast an increase in sales thereafter. This is the price you will sell your products/services. Fixed price: Suitable for most sales forecast modeling Price changes over time: The price of your product/service may increase/decrease in Write writing on road accident price over time for several reasons: Keep up with inflation Keep up with increased cost of for students service, raw materials or components Seasonal product – discount to offload excess inventory Promote new product – discount upfront to encourage sales, then increase later. This is the direct cost of Online college board villanova, producing your product/service (at the website and social service unit level). Otherwise known as cost of goods sold (COGS). Fixed costs: Suitable for most sales forecast modeling % of sales: A good way to forecast costs; as sales increase you can set the cost as a % of Phd thesis, sales on a sliding scale.

Costs vary each month: The cost of your product/service may increase/decrease in Essay website price over time for how to write introduction several reasons: Economy of scale: the and social more units you produce, the cheaper it becomes to produce them Bargaining power: the more units you buy from your supplies, the cheaper they become Seasonality: cost of raw materials may fluctuate based on time of year. This is the expected number of units you will sell. My units are constant: Not particularly suitable as most businesses will expect to have some growth over time. Units sold changes over time: The quantity sold of your product/service may increase over time for several reasons: Growing market share Finding new markets. Sales tax requirements vary by country and by products/services sold. In the United States, there is no sales tax at the federal level; however, many states levy selective sales tax on of democracy particular goods or services. Check with your state department of taxation if you are required to for students collect sales tax. If yes, you collect the Phd thesis sales tax from your customers and then remit the tax to the state each year. If the individual assumptions used for each component of the for students and social sales forecast is accurate, so will the Write report accident overall sales forecast.

You should be able to explain where each number comes from, citing studies/research that validates your assumptions. The costs of hiring personnel are often the largest expense of any business. In this section, you will enter forecasted employees and Essay website service contractors you plan to hire. The number of personnel you plan to hire and at what time is Online college more of an art then a science. Too much staff too soon and you’ll burn through your working capital. Too few staff and you’ll run the risk of alienating your customers and partners when you can’t deliver. A good way to think about your personnel plan is to think about the and social service milestones you want your business to Phd thesis accomplish and website for students service what personnel are required to get your business there.

You can always revise your estimates, so start off with your best estimate and come back to Phd thesis this section later. Tweak as needed so that your business model demonstrates profitability within your target time frame. The type of company you are building and service the financing required also makes a big difference in your staffing plan. For example, if you are seeking venture capital that mean you are going to want to hire and scale quickly in order to generate large revenues. Conversely, if you are seeking debt financing, you want to operate as lean as possible and maximize profitability so you can service your loans. Fixed amount: Suitable for report writing on road most situations. Changes over for students service time: You might want to define a compensation plan for sales personnel that have an annual bonus component, for Phd thesis on criminology example.

Employee: If choosing employee you will have to consider certain employee taxes and other considerations. Contractor: If selecting contractor, ensure that you are classifying said contractor correctly. In the United States, for example, you are legally required to provide employee-type benefits in Essay for students service certain situations even if you classify the and disadvantages personnel as a contractor. If hiring employees, you will be responsible for additional costs such as (but not limited to) payroll taxes, worker’s compensation and health insurance, paid time off, training and travel expenses, vacation and sick leave, pension contributions and other benefits. This is referred to the burden rate, which provides a truer picture of total labor costs than payroll costs alone. And Social Service. Burden rate only affects employees and how to not contractors. If unsure what to enter, 15% is a fair estimate. Explain the assumptions and methodology used to define the personnel your business plans to retain, including how you came up with your compensation figures and burden rate. For example, you might explain that as you plan to hire several sales people to coincide with the Essay website for students service release of a new product.

Enter expenses you plan on incurring for your business. A good way to writing make sure you capture majority of your business’s expenses is to think through costs associated with each functional area of your business, such as product development, marketing and operations. Categorize expense into groups, such legal and Essay website service administrative, rent and leases, and telecommunications. Research Paper. Do not include fixed asset expenses (assets whereby you derive value from for more than 12 months) such as a company van or computers. You will enter these in the next step. Advertising Expense Amortization Expense Auto Expense Bad Debt Expense Bank Charges Cash Over and Essay website for students Short Commission Expense Depreciation Expense Employee Benefit Program Freight Expense Gifts Expense Insurance – General Interest Expense Professional Fees License Expense Maintenance Expense Meals and Entertainment Office Expense Payroll Taxes Printing Postage Rent Repairs Expense Salaries Expense Supplies Expense Taxes – FIT Expense Utilities Expense Gain/Loss on Sale of Phd thesis on criminology, Assets. Enter long-term asset expenses here. Long-term assets are comprised of two types: tangible and intangible assets. Fixed assets are tangible assets that provide value for more than 12 months, such as a company van or computers. Fixed assets are depreciated over its useful lifetime. This is an accounting method that allows the business to allocate the costs of the asset over website and social its life by gradually reducing its value.

Common fixed assets: Land and Buildings Motor vehicles Furniture Office equipment Fixtures and fittings Plant and machinery. Intangible assets are long-term assets that are not physical in nature. Write Report On Road Accident. Intangible assets are amortized over its useful life. These might include: Intellectual property (items such as patents, trademarks, copyrights, business methodologies) Goodwill Brand recognition. Enter other short-term assets here, which most likely will be any prepaid expense that lasts for less than 12 months.

Besides prepaid expenses, other current assets also include short-term investments and Essay securities that are likely to turned into cash within a year. A prepaid expense can be described as such: A 12-month office lease is signed with the total lease amount of $12,000 being paid upfront. Classifying this as a regular expense would not be accurate because then the PL Statement and advantages and disadvantages encyclopedia Cash Flow Statement would both show the Essay $12,000 as a one-time upfront payment on the month it which it was made. This type of Phd thesis, expense is better described as a prepaid expense, since the use of the office is spread out over a 12-month period of time and can be considered an asset on service the Balance Sheet that is expensed over time. By classifying this as a prepaid expense (or an amortized short term asset) then the PL Statement would show the $12,000 prepaid expense spread across 12 months at $1,000 each month, while the Cash Flow Statement would reflect the research genocide $12,000 payment on month in which it was made. Essay Website For Students And Social Service. Under Assets, the research paper Balance Sheet would then show the amount of Prepaid Lease that is website service remaining at the end of the accounting period. Enter an Phd thesis on criminology, estimate for website for students and social income taxes you expect to pay, which should be a summation of federal, state and local income tax. Do not include other taxes such as property tax (should be entered as a separate expense) or employee-related taxes (this is covered in the Personnel Section as the Burden Rate). As this is only an Write writing on road accident, estimate, 100% accuracy is not required (if unsure what to enter here, use 20%). Dividends and distributions (for corporations and LLCs/partnerships, respectively) are payments to the company’s shareholders/owners, taken from the company’s profit. Dividends are typically paid out at the end of the Essay website for students and social service fiscal year, while distributions can be given out at the discretion of the owners.

You may want to set this to zero initially and see how the financials of your business model work out; then you can work backwards and determine how much of retained profit you want to distribute to owners/shareholders. Here you can explain any regular costs that are associated with running your business. What are the Democracy advantages encyclopedia monthly or ongoing costs that you must pay to keep the business up and and social service running? For example, this could be paying monthly utilities and rent expenses for your office space, insurance, or any marketing or advertising costs. For a start-up, remember that there are always up-front costs or one-time costs associated with getting things started, so be aware of paper, any of these expenses and website for students service include them in your budget. Accounts receivable is defined as sales that the company has made but has yet to collect the money from the purchaser. Most companies operate by on road, allowing some portion of their sales to be on Essay website for students service credit. These types of writing genocide, sales are usually made to frequent or special customers who are invoiced periodically, and allow them to avoid the hassle of physically making payments as each transaction occurs.

You want your accounts receivable to website and social service be as low as possible to Analytical research paper increase your cash flow. Defining what percentage of your sales will be on credit. You want this percentage to be as low as possible, while keeping in mind that for Essay and social some businesses it is Write report preferential to website for students service provide some credit to your best customers. Defining how long it will take to collect payment. Of the customers that you provide credit to, you need to define when they are to on criminology pay you back. And Social Service. The faster, the better your cash flow will look like.

It is typical to provide net-30, which is 30 days. Accounts payable is research paper defined as short-term debt owed to suppliers and Essay website for students banks. It is to Write on road accident your advantage to negotiate longer payment terms with your suppliers, as it will improve your cash flow. When looking at accounts receivable (what is owed to you) and accounts payable (what you owe), the website key thing to remember is that you want to be paid as soon as possible, and you want to of democracy encyclopedia pay others as late as possible (cash on hand is website and social service king). Defining what percentage of your purchases will be on credit. You want this percentage to villanova be as high as possible, as that will improve your cash flow. However, ensure you are able to Essay website for students pay your vendors on Phd thesis how to introduction the purchases made on credit. Defining how long it will take to collect incoming payments. How many days will it take, on Essay website and social service average, to Democracy advantages and disadvantages collect incoming payments? Select the typical number of Essay website and social service, days between when you make a credit sale and when the writing paper payment arrives.

Keep in and social mind that shortening this period can vastly improve your cash flow. If your business will sell physical products and you plan on keeping inventory on Phd thesis write hand, then you need to Essay website define how many months of inventory you wish to keep on hand. The more months of inventory you hold on hand, the more cash is Phd thesis how to write introduction tied up in Essay and social inventory. This will affect your cash flow. How much inventory should you carry? The ideal amount varies from vs argumentative, industry to industry, and business to business. A good place to Essay website and social service find more information is trade associations for your industry. In order to improve your company’s inventory management, you will need to start by collecting good records on your inventory. Using inventory turnover rate as an indicator. Inventory Turnover Rate = Costs of Goods Sold (COGS) / average cost of inventory on Online college board hand.

A low inventory turnover rate means that you may have too much inventory on hand. Understanding and managing cash flow is very important to any business. The time period for credit sales and payments may depend on your suppliers or your industry. Paying and getting paid later rather than earlier can entirely change your cash flow projections. You can utilize this section to explain any assumptions about cash flow, including details on the time period in which you will make and receive payments. How did you come to these assumptions and how will it affect your business? When taking out for students a loan, you borrow an amount of money (principal) from a lender, and villanova are obligated to pay back at a later time (usually in website for students and social service installments). You will typically pay interest on the loan.

If you are seeking a loan then enter the amount, as you want to forecast the financials assuming you have secured the loan. Personal vs Commercial Loans. For many small businesses, taking out a personal loan to finance growth is commonplace. Online College. These might include credit cards, home equity line of credit (HELOC), and website for students and social installment loans. If you have an Online college, existing small business, commercial loans can be obtained, which are based on a variety of factors.

Secured vs Unsecured Loans. A secured loan is website a loan in Phd thesis on criminology which you pledge some asset (equipment, property, etc.) as collateral. Unsecured loans (credit cards, personal loans) are not secured against a borrower’s assets. Interest rates will be higher for website for students and social unsecured loans versus secured loans, for Phd thesis on criminology obvious reasons. If you have a pre-existing loan, then you can specify those details in the Starting Balances section. A line of credit is similar to a loan with the difference being that interest is not charged on the part of the line of credit that is unused, and the borrower can draw on the line of credit at any time that he or she needs to. If you are seeking a line of website, credit then enter the Phd thesis on criminology amount, as you want to forecast the Essay website and social service financials assuming you have secured the line of report on road accident, credit. The line of credit may be classified as a demand loan, which means that any outstanding balance will have to be paid immediately at the financial institution’s request. Investments include injections of cash into the business from you, other shareholders or owners, or investors.

This typically refers to equity investments where investors contribute cash to the business in exchange for and social service equity (ownership). In this section, you can describe how your business will be funded. If you are a startup, it is likely that the money you make from sales will not cover all your business expenses so you may need additional sources of funding, such as taking out a loan, receiving investors’ capital, credit lines, or other ways of borrowing money. What type of funding will you acquire? At what point in Phd thesis how to introduction your plan are you expecting these funds? For existing businesses only. Website Service. The starting balances will be used to adjust the balance sheet to take into account your company’s financial history. Important: all starting balances should be entered as they are at the start of your plan. Enter starting balances for introduction assets: Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Other current assets Long term assets Accumulated depreciation.

Enter starting balances for website for students and social liabilities: Enter starting balance for Capital and Earnings: Enter your Recent Sales: One month before start date Two months before start date Three months before start date Four months before start date Five months before start date Six months before start date. If you are an existing business, you can enter past financial data here. This is optional and will be used to calculate historical financial ratios in the Financial Statements section. For each year of write introduction, your company history , include: $ Sales $ Gross profit $ Income from operations $ Net profit $ Current assets $ Current liabilities $ Inventory $ Total assets $ Total liabilities $ Total owner equity.

Every business model has several key metrics that management can use to see if the and social service business is healthy. For example, a restaurant might use the number of tables it can turn per night and the average revenue per dinner. Board Villanova. Think about what levers make the most impact to your business. You will want to Essay for students service continuously track and monitor these metrics to ensure your business model is working. Chapter 8: Financial Statements Sections. Profit and Loss Statements Balance Sheet Cash Flow Statement Financial Ratios. The Profit Loss (i.e.; income statement) shows your revenue, expenses, and profit. It is the most common of the vs argumentative research paper three reports as it provides a view into the company’s projected “bottom line”.

The statement here is a read-only display, calculated automatically from the information you entered in the Sales Forecast, Budget, and Personnel Plan sections. If you wish to edit or change any information, you may do so by going back to those sections. The statement here will update automatically. The balance sheet gives a snapshot of your company’s financial position at a given point in time, usually the website for students and social service last day of a fiscal period. It is Democracy advantages and disadvantages encyclopedia called a balance sheet because assets (what you own) will always equal the sum of your liabilities (what you owe) and stockholder’s equity (your investments from stockholders plus money that your business earned that is put back into running your business). The balance sheet here is a read-only display. Website. If you wish to Phd thesis change the balance sheet, you can do so by going back to the builder in the Financial Plan section. Website Service. If you are an existing business, you have the option of Assignment writing research paper, adding starting balances under the Financial Plan section.

The cash flow statement displays the cash inflows and outflows from your operating, investing and financing activities. Rather than providing an website service, overview like the balance sheet, the cash flow statement will measure the change in cash during a period. In other words, how much money did you start and writing accident end up with? The statement here is a read-only display. You can go back to edit the website and social sections in the Financial Plan section in order to change the accounts affected in the cash flow statement. The Financial Ratios section gives a general overview of the health of your business.

The report here is a read-only display. If you wish to change any of the information, you may do so by editing the relevant financial information you’ve entered previously. Write Report Writing On Road Accident. The ratios here will update automatically. Essay Website For Students And Social Service. The Liquidity Analysis shows how solvent your company is, or how easily convertible to cash is the company in case. On Criminology. This is important in determining the ability of the business to meet its obligations, or paying off what it owes in debt.

The Profitability Analysis shows the overall performance of the company in its ability to make a profit. The ratios show how much of sales revenue is actual profit after taking costs and expenses into account. Essay Website And Social. The Debt Ratio shows how much of the on criminology business’s assets are financed by debt and how much of the website business’s assets are financed by stockholders’ equity. The Investment Measures show ROI (Return on Investment) which is the percentage of the return (net profit) of the vs argumentative paper business divided by Essay and social service, the cost of the on criminology investment. Website And Social Service. The most common method of calculating ROI is to divide net profit by total assets. Finishing these chapters represents a massive achievement in completing your business plan. It is by far the most difficult chapter, as it requires doing somewhat complicated math to generate accurate financial statements.

In all likelihood, you will need to hire an Online board, expert or accountant to help you create an accurate and detailed plan that adheres to realistic outcomes. To finish it off, you’ll need to write an appendix and a glossary of terms. Your appendix will be a more detailed version of the Essay website and social financial statements detailed in this chapter, and your glossary of terms will simply define the terms of your business that an investor may not understand. Upon including those chapters, your plan will be complete. Feeling inspired to start a business, but don’t know how to write a plan? We have a sample database of plans that you can look through to learn the different chapters and Phd thesis write sections necessary to attract equity investments and loans. Although our examples are specific to for students and social service each industry, keep in Assignment writing paper mind that every plan will be unique depending on your location, your customer base, and Essay website and social your own vision, so these will only board, serve as a starting point for you and your dream. Click the images to view our full business examples. 4. The Pros and Cons of Downloading a Business Plan Template. 1. Write with confidence — you won’t be forgetting any important information. Using this free template can help you write your own plan, without the hassle of figuring out how to and social service order your chapters, or the worry of feeling like you might be missing a section.

We provide the entire bare bones skeleton of a business plan within this Microsoft Word .doc download. After you download it, it’s up to you to flesh out the details and ensure that each section is as well researched and writing genocide intelligently conceived as possible. 2. Step-by-step writing guide and writing samples included. Our plans come with a complete how-to guide with examples from our professional business plan samples to help steer you through your writing. 3. Completely free – no hidden costs, just download and start writing. This plan is website for students completely free.

You may encounter other people or websites on the Internet charging a price to download the guide. Do not purchase them – there is no benefit at all to purchasing a pre-fabricated plan. None of the information will be relevant to your company, and you’ll be gaining nothing but the Phd thesis order and structure of the plan – something that you could easily research and re-create on your own. Sound good? Keep in mind that while this guide may give you a better idea of how a it should be structured, that represents only about 5% of the Essay website and social service heavy lifting of writing an Analytical research paper, actual the complete document. Don’t forget that every plan needs well structured elevator pitch. 1. Service. You’ll have to board villanova do complicated business planning math and Essay service calculations yourself — or pay an expensive rate for someone else to Analytical vs argumentative do them.

You’re going to have to do the financial calculations, plans, and Essay for students and social forecasts that a plan should offer to attract investment — all by yourself. Creating these sections requires years of training, math skills, market knowledge, and investment savvy. This requirement is beyond the writing research paper genocide scope of most peoples’ abilities, which is why entrepreneurs turn to professional writers and accountants to do the heavy lifting for them. Keep in mind: You may have a brilliant idea, but until you’ve subjected your product/service to meticulous research, and Essay website calculated your potential market as conservatively as possible, your business idea will be nothing but empty words and Phd thesis on criminology blather to a seasoned investor. 2. Website For Students. You’ll need to manually create visual graphs and charts to make the calculations easily understandable. You’ll need to take the numbers you calculated and create attractive graphs, charts, and tables for your plan.

Making your data attractive and Online college board easy to comprehend is Essay website for students and social no easy task. Professional planning software can not only do the calculations for you, but will also turn them into relevant graphs, charts, and tables presented in the appropriate order, according to how equity investors and research paper genocide bank loan officers expect to see them. 3. A basic template won’t allow you to track your business’ progress. You won’t be able to keep your company’s information up to date easily. One of the major benefits of using software is that you can continually update your numbers based on for students and social service your real expenses and on criminology earnings, allowing you to track the progress of your business easily and without a major hassle. Nonetheless, we encourage you to download this document and get started with writing out Essay for students and social your product/service concepts and marketing plan. If or when you encounter the financial sections, we’ll be looking forward to helping your progress through the major obstacles of writing a successful strategy that will help you get funding for Phd thesis on criminology your ideas. Crafted by licensed attorneys Updated regularly Applicable to all 50 states. Create your free.

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Duke Fuqua MBA Essay Tips #038; Deadlines. Leadership, teamwork, ethics, and a global approach to business are essential elements of the Duke Fuqua MBA, which is and social why you’ll need to make sure you express your passion for these ideals in your application essays. Phd Thesis How To Write! Impress the Fuqua adcom by positioning yourself as an innovative leader and team player, as someone who can see the Essay website, big picture, work collaboratively, and shape global business. My tips are in blue below. Three short answer questions and two essays are required from all applicants.

• Responses should use 1.5 line spacing and a font size no smaller than 10-point. • Do not copy the essay question in the document you upload with your application. • Respond fully and concisely. Length requirements vary by question, and are detailed below. • Responses must be completed before submitting your application. • Prepare your responses carefully. The Admissions Committee considers your answers important in the selection process. • All essays are scanned using plagiarism detection software. Expressing your ideas by using verbiage from existing sources, including other applicants’ essays or materials, without properly crediting those sources constitutes an act of write introduction plagiarism. Plagiarism is considered a cheating violation within the Honor Code and will result in an application denial.

Note: if you have worked with a consultant to for students complete your application materials, please ensure that the honor code policy is discussed and villanova he/she will not share your essays with other potential applicants. Instructions: Answer all 3 of the Essay service, following questions. For each question, respond in 500 characters only (the equivalent of about 100 words) . 1. What are your short-term goals, post-MBA? State what you see yourself doing immediately after you earn your MBA in Phd thesis write terms of function and industry. If location or geography are important to your goal, include them. If you know the type of Essay for students and social service companies you would like to work for, you can include that information too, but don’t say you want to work for Assignment, Company X, unless Company X is sponsoring you. Without sponsorship, a “Company X” answer is Essay website for students service probably too narrow, but saying you would like to work for a firm like Company X would work. 2. What are your long-term goals?

Your long term goals should flow logically from your short-term goals. They can be fuzzier both in terms of writing paper genocide direction and timing. But you should have them. They can, but don’t have to, include larger aspirations and present a broader perspective on where you are headed. Essay For Students And Social! But please don’t go so general as to Analytical vs argumentative research paper say something like “I aspire to be a good person” or “I strive to leave a lasting impact on my community.” Nice sentiments, but way too vague. 3. Website For Students And Social Service! Life is full of uncertainties, and plans and circumstances can change. Analytical Paper! As a result, navigating a career requires you to be adaptable. Website! Should the short-term goals that you provided above not materialize what alternative directions have you considered? What’s your Plan B? If you can’t get a job at a leading strategy consulting firm – your first choice – what do you want to do?

If Plan A is investment banking, what’s Plan B? First Required Essay: 25 Random Things About Yourself. Instructions: Present your response in list form, numbered 1 to writing paper genocide 25. Some points may be only Essay and social a few words, while others may be longer. Your complete list should not exceed 2 pages. The “Team Fuqua” spirit and Democracy of democracy community is one of the things that sets The Duke MBA experience apart, and it is and social a concept that extends beyond the research genocide, student body to include faculty, staff, and administration. When a new person joins the Admissions team, we ask that person to share with everyone in the office a list of “25 Random Things About Yourself.” As an website for students and social service Admissions team, we already know the new hire’s professional and academic background, so learning these “25 Random Things” helps us get to know someone’s personality, background, special talents, and more. In this spirit, the Admissions Committee also wants to get to know you–beyond the professional and Phd thesis academic achievements listed in your resume and transcript. You can share with us important life experiences, your likes/dislikes, hobbies, achievements, fun facts, or anything that helps us understand what makes you who you are. Share with us your list of “25 Random Things” about YOU.

Have some fun with this list. It certainly allows a more creative approach than permitted by Essay for students and social, most essay prompts. Note that the questions asks you to Online board go “beyond the professional and academic achievements listed in your resume and transcript.” So you can list your Pez collection or perhaps your brief membership in a rock band or the fact that you took violin from ages 6-18 or your membership in a gospel choir or your volunteer work in website and social service a hospital, your needlepoint, your favorite recipe or photo. Gosh – the list is Phd thesis write endless. Just let it reflect you. Think of this list as an service introduction to potential friends. For more insight into this question and the motivation behind, please read Megan Overbay’s, the former Director of Admissions’, advice. Research Paper! Yes, it’s old, but I believe you will find it helpful. Essay For Students Service! And very friendly. Instructions: Your response should be no more than 2 pages in length. Fuqua prides itself on cultivating a culture of engagement.

Our students enjoy a wide range of Phd thesis on criminology student-led organizations that provide opportunities for leadership development and personal fulfillment, as well as an outlet for contributing to society. Our student-led government, clubs, centers, and events are an integral part of the website for students and social, student culture and are vital to providing you with a range of experiential learning and individual development experiences. Based on Assignment paper genocide, your understanding of the Fuqua culture, how do you see yourself engaging in and contributing to for students and social service our community, outside of the classroom? Do your homework about writing paper genocide Fuqua (and yourself) before responding to this question. What activities and groups appeal to you? How do you see yourself participating? Making a difference?

Then look at Duke’s multi-faceted definition of “Consequential Leaders.” Which do you most identify with? Imagine how you would participate and sometimes lead. While you can reference similar activities in the past, keep the focus of this essay on what you would do at Fuqua. One approach to responding to this question: Address a letter to a close friend or colleague and tell her how you would contribute to this very participatory culture. That letter could morph into this essay. If you feel there are circumstances of which the Admissions Committee should be aware, please explain them in an optional essay (such as unexplained gaps in Essay website for students and social work, choice of recommenders, inconsistent or questionable academic performance). • Do NOT upload additional essays nor additional recommendations in this area of the application. • The Optional Essay is intended to provide the Admissions Committee with insight into Write writing on road accident your extenuating circumstances only. • Limit your response to two pages. Why isn’t your current supervisor writing your rec?

Why is for students and social service there a six-month gap on your resume? Why did your grades dip during the first semester of your senior year? What are your responsibilities while working for a family business after having left a prestigious investment bank, and vs argumentative paper why did you make the change? Answering any of those questions (but not all) could be the topic of your optional essay. ***Disclaimer: Information is Essay for students service subject to change. Please check with individual programs to verify the essay questions, instructions and deadlines.*** Hi Linda. Phd Thesis Introduction! I’d appreciate your feedback on my profile and Essay for students school choices. 1) I have 3 years of Online college board villanova experience as a market risk analyst at Essay website for students and social a mid-sized commercial bank ($5 billion asset base) in Democracy and disadvantages Pakistan. For Students And Social! Promoted in my first year and spent six months as an interim head of my team, and have been in a supervisory role for the last 15 months or so.

2) 760 GMAT, 49Q (75%), 45V (99%) 3) Graduated from the Lahore University of Management Sciences (one of introduction Pakistan’s top-ranked universities) with a BSc in website and social Politics and Economics. CGPA is Assignment research genocide low: 2.8, mainly due to poor freshman and sophomore years. Worked to bring it up and averaged a 3.2 over Essay website junior and senior year. Planning to address this in the optional essays by highlighting this upward trend as well as my solid GMAT score and the fact that my work is pretty technical in nature and requires a lot of financial modeling / statistics / programming.

4) Active soccer player and on criminology occasional volunteer coach. Minor community/volunteer work here and website for students and social service there, nothing really big. 5) Want to work in Assignment writing paper genocide consulting post-MBA, with a focus on analytics. Looking for a role where I can leverage my technical ability in a more dynamic, directly client-focused setting. I am also applying to MIT Sloan, Tepper, Darden, Anderson, Owen, Marshall and Essay website and social service Mendoza. Hi Linda.

I’d appreciate your feedback on my profile and school choices. 1) I have 3 years of experience as a market risk analyst at a mid-sized commercial bank ($5 billion asset base) in Pakistan. Promoted in my first year and spent six months as an interim head of my team, and have been in a supervisory role for the last 15 months or so. 2) 760 GMAT, 49Q (75%), 45V (99%) 3) Graduated from the Lahore University of Management Sciences (one of Pakistan’s top-ranked universities) with a BSc in Politics and Economics. CGPA is low: 2.8, mainly due to poor freshman and sophomore years.

Worked to Analytical vs argumentative bring it up and Essay website for students and social service averaged a 3.2 over junior and senior year. Planning to address this in the optional essays by highlighting this upward trend as well as my solid GMAT score and the fact that my work is pretty technical in nature and requires a lot of financial modeling / statistics / programming. 4) Active soccer player and occasional volunteer coach. Minor community/volunteer work here and there, nothing really big. 5) Want to Phd thesis work in consulting post-MBA, with a focus on analytics. Looking for and social service, a role where I can leverage my technical ability in a more dynamic, directly client-focused setting.

I am also applying to MIT Sloan, Tepper, Darden, Anderson, Owen, Marshall and Mendoza. Obviously you’re going to Democracy advantages and disadvantages of democracy encyclopedia need to address that GPA. Otherwise you have a competitive profile and stellar GMAT. MIT Sloan is a stretch, but you have a good shot at all the other programs you are applying to. Hi Linda! Not quite sure if this forum is open for discussion anymore but here goes nothing. 1) 5 years (including 2 years internship) with a Big 4 Accounting Firm (think KPMG, EY, PwC) as a business and tax consultant with a major focus on transaction advisory, financial transformation and business model restructuring for Energy, Telecom and Tech clients. Website! Led a team of 6. 1 promotion. Currently, 1.5 years with a Solar Solutions company (not quite big) as a Manager of Finance and Phd thesis on criminology Commercials.

2) GMAT 730 – Q50 (87%) V40 (92%) 3) Bachelor of Commerce from for students and social service, Mumbai University, India. Top 5%-10% score on graduation. 4) Currently team leader for 40 volunteers and 2 mentors who teach and mentor underprivileged children living in shelter homes. Previously taught Math for Phd thesis, 2 years. Also, active in Soccer. Essay Website And Social! Formed and led my company’s soccer for 3 years and won 2 championships.

5) Chartered Accountant from writing genocide, Institute of Chartered Accountancy of for students and social India. 6) ST Goal – Strategy Consulting at MBB in Energy or Tech sector. Focus on emerging market strategies through alliances and MAs. I am applying to Fuqua, Kellogg, Yale SOM and Tuck. Would really appreciate your thoughts. I think I replied to writing someone with an identical post below. Hi Linda!

Not quite sure if this forum is open for discussion anymore but here goes nothing. 1) 5 years (including 2 years internship) with a Big 4 Accounting Firm (think KPMG, EY, PwC) as a business and tax consultant with a major focus on transaction advisory, financial transformation and Essay website for students business model restructuring for Energy, Telecom and Tech clients. Led a team of 6. 1 promotion. Currently, 1.5 years with a Solar Solutions company (not quite big) as a Manager of Finance and Commercials. 2) GMAT 730 – Q50 (87%) V40 (92%)

3) Bachelor of Commerce from Mumbai University, India. Top 5%-10% score on paper, graduation. Website And Social! Also, Chartered Accountant from Online villanova, Institute of Chartered Accountancy of India. 4) Currently team leader for 40 volunteers and 2 mentors who teach and website mentor underprivileged children living in shelter homes. Previously taught Math for 2 years. Also, active in Soccer. Formed and Analytical led my company’s soccer for 3 years and for students won 2 championships. 5) ST Goal – Strategy Consulting at MBB in Energy or Tech sector. Focus on emerging market strategies through alliances and MAs. I am applying to on criminology Fuqua, Kellogg, Yale SOM and Tuck.

Would really appreciate your thoughts. You have a competitive profile for your target programs and are applying appropriately. Also consider Ross and MIT Sloan. Hi Linda! I apologize for the duplicate post. Website For Students And Social! Pressed a few wrong buttons here and on criminology there! I have a small follow-up. With Kellogg’s average GMAT score increased to 732 does an ‘Indian-male’ applicant still have a chance of Essay website and social getting in with average GMAT score on an upward trajectory? Really appreciate you taking your time out to Democracy and disadvantages encyclopedia do this. In short, yes I still feel you have a chance at Essay and social service Kellogg. Paper! Is it possible that another applicant like you but with a higher score will beat you out? yes.

That means however that you just have to Essay website for students service work harder at distinguishing yourself and writing research showing that you are a standout. Thanks for you help, Linda! Choose your desired degree and then the service that best meets your needs. Accepted 1171 S. Robertson Blvd. #140 Los Angeles CA 90035 +1 (310) 815-9553.