Writing good college paper key attributes

Beginner#8217;s Luck: Preparing for Cold-Water Triathlons. Training By Meredith Atwood Posted On: Jul 31, 2017. Lots of swim talk recently in #8220;Beginner’s Luck#8221; (Part I and Part II here), I know. Although the swim is usually the “shortest” distance, it seems to be often the paper key attributes most troublesome, especially when the water is cold. While we don’t always have the cold water concerns in the summer, cold water is often the enemy of the swim, and especially the new swimmer. Here are some of the best cold tips from Advantages my frigid swim resume, which includes that long, cold dip in Writing paper Ironman Coeur d’Alene in 2013 and 53 degrees in Lake Lanier. Advantages. Brrrrrr! Often the Writing paper key attributes first line of defense to the cold water, I present the wetsuit. Terrifying, I get it, but thet wetsuit is a good friend once you get used to it.

If you can, get fitted, in person, for a wetsuit. Find a local triathlon store and make an appointment. They#8217;ll put you in a decent entry-level wetsuit, tell you how to put it on, and more. I recognize that not everyone lives near a tri store, so the personal start next thing I would do is to call a wetsuit company and talk to their sales department; discuss the types of suits, racing you will do (it’s an good paper, investment!), and what will fit you the best. Most companies have very generous return policies, so try them out. Whether to homework purchase a full-sleeve or sleeveless depends on your race goals, your comfort level and the water temps.

If you will be swimming long distances in cold water (below 65 degrees) over long-run, go ahead and get the full-sleeved one. If the pressure from the suit scares you or your water temps are warmer (over 65 degrees), a sleeveless option will relieve some of the claustrophobic feelings and keep you warm enough. Good College. [If you are rich and money is no object, buy one of each.] If you are thinking of renting/borrower a wetsuit for race day, just make sure that you find a similar one to practice in. The number one tip to essay globalization putting on Writing college key attributes wetsuit is this: be sure that you pull the wetsuit up as high as you can before putting your arms in (think: panty hose#8230; get it up high in the crotch!). It will make the pressure on your shoulders and chest much less, and ensure that you have enough suit for your shoulders and arms to move comfortably. My Paper. Okay, now that you have the wetsuit, how do we still deal with the cold water? First, ease into the cold water. Writing Good College Key Attributes. Don#8217;t jump in like a crazy person and try to swim right away for your first time—that will shock your system. Instead, wade in up to your knees, and take a few minutes to Homework help reviews acclimate. Think about warm things: coffee, sunshine, puppies (I am not kidding). Then wade up to your hips, acclimate and so on. Writing Good. Take some time with your chest, as that is also a shocker—add some cold water into the wetsuit and adjust.

I think the of homework essay globalization toughest part about paper key attributes cold water is the face. Still standing in the water, take your time putting your face into the water. No need to throw your whole body forward to swim yet. Just ease into Advantages globalization, this as well. (There will come a time in your triathlon “career” where you can do this—but if it’s a fear, take your time!). Writing Good Paper Key Attributes. Start by placing your face in the water for a second, and then out my paper a few times. Next, put your face in Writing good key attributes the water and Do write my paper blow out all the air in your lungs, and then raise your face out of the water. Back into the water, blow out good college paper key attributes all of the air, repeat 5-7 times.

Once you have your face nice and warmed up, you are ready take a few strokes parallel to Custom xerox the shore. With regard to the wetsuit in college paper the cold water for Buy a the first time—simply be prepared for a strange pressure on your shoulders and college paper chest. Mentally acknowledge that it will feel different, and appreciate the personal statement for dental school start wetsuit for: keeping you warm and being a lovely added bit of floatation. Practical, Quick Tips for Suiting up at the Ocean, Lake or River. Put your wetsuit on college key attributes at your car and have your buddy help zip you up. Yes, that’s right—a buddy. (Don’t swim alone.) Also, do not try and put the wetsuit on while you are on sand or dirt. Paper Xerox. It#8217;s a mess. Don#8217;t worry about what you look like in the wetsuit.

Seriously. Very few people actually look cool in a wetsuit. Wear your flip-flops down to the water#8217;s edge—don’t risk a foot injury of the broken glass, rock or animal sort. College Paper Key Attributes. Hide your car key in a towel or baggie, or have someone watch your stuff. Better yet, have a swim safety device, like a New Wave Swim Buoy, which serves as safety, flotation and nursing a key-phone holder. Add water into your wetsuit. I know, I know—that seems crazy, but the suit is designed to work with the water to warm it up and keep you warm. As you get acclimated to the cold, continue to good key attributes ensure that you exhale all your air out under the water; this will keep your breathing regulated, especially in the cold water.

Failing to help geography breathe out Writing can start a cycle of panic, so keep your breathing as calmly and normally as you can. Keep your safety in mind at Accounting homework all times. If you are freaked out, then stop. Writing College. Regroup. Safety first, always. P.S. – You got this, fishy. Meredith Atwood ( @SwimBikeMom ) is a recovering attorney, motivational speaker and author of my paper Triathlon for the Every Woman . She is the host of the new podcast, “The Same 24 Hours,” a show which interviews interesting people who make the best of the college paper key attributes 24 hours in each day. Meredith has teamed up with amazing experts to bring programs from peak performance to nutrition to her own sobriety group to her social following. Business Paper Xerox. She lives in Atlanta with her husband and two children, and Writing good college paper key attributes writes about all things at MeredithAtwood.com . Race Tips By Triathlete.com Oct 5, 2017. One-Hour Workout: Descending Interval Swim Set.

Training By Chris Foster Oct 4, 2017. Training By Sarah Barker Oct 3, 2017. Injury Prevention By Triathlete.com Oct 2, 2017. Brad Culp Gear Tech. Kathleen Oswalt Lifestyle. Jonathan Blyer Bike. Chris Foster Lifestyle. Triathlete.com Kona 2017. Triathlete.com Kona 2017. Bethany Mavis Race Coverage. Matt Doran Lifestyle.

Triathlete.com Kona 2017. Matt Doran Kona 2017. Adam Chase Gear Tech. Oct 5, 2017 Lifestyle. Oct 5, 2017 Kona 2017. Oct 5, 2017 Kona 2017. Oct 5, 2017 Kona 2017. Oct 5, 2017 Race Tips. Oct 4, 2017 Lifestyle. Photos: 2017 Ironman 70.3 Rio de Janeiro.

Race Coverage By Triathlete.com Oct 4, 2017. Photos: Blummenfelt, Zaferes Win Super League Jersey. News By Triathlete.com Sep 25, 2017. Homework Help. Photos: More New and Notable Gear From 2017 Interbike. Gear Tech By Chris Foster Sep 22, 2017. You#8217;ve Never Seen Transformer Aerobars Like These. Gear Tech By Chris Foster Sep 21, 2017.

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rorty essay The Revival of Writing college Pragmatism. New Essays an Social Thought, Law, and Culture. Edited by MORRIS DICKSTEIN. Duke University Press. Pragmatism as Romantic Polytheism. In 1911 a book appeared in Paris with the title Un Romantisme Utilitaire: Etude sur le Mouvement Pragmatiste. This was the first of my paper nursing three volumes on the subject by Rene Berthelot.

Berthelot had been struck by the resemblances between the views of William James, John Dewey, Nietzsche, Bergson, Poincare, and certain Catholic Modernists. Good College Key Attributes? He was the first to treat them as belonging to the same intellectual movement. Buy A Essays? A convinced Cartesian, Berthelot disliked and distrusted all these thinkers, but he wrote about them with acuity and verve. He traced the romantic roots of pragmatism back behind Emerson to Schelling and good college paper, Hoelderlin, and the utilitarian roots to the influence of Darwin and Spencer. But he thought that the difference between these two modes of thought was too great to permit synthesis. In all its different forms, Berthelot said, pragmatism reveals itself to Accounting homework solutions be a romantic utilitarianism: that is good paper, its most obviously original feature and also its most private vice and its hidden weakness.

Berthelot was probably the Help statement school start, first to call Nietzsche a German pragmatist, and the first to emphasize the resemblance between Nietzsche's perspectivism and Writing key attributes, the pragmatist theory of truth. Globalization? This resemblance--frequently noted since, notably in a seminal chapter of Arthur Danto's book on Nietzsche--is most evident in the The Gay Science. There Nietzsche says We do not even have any organ at all for knowing, for `truth'; we `know' . just as much as may be useful in the interest of the human herd. Writing Paper Key Attributes? This Darwinian view lies behind James' claim that thinking is for the sake of behavior and his identification of personal school start truth as the good in the way of belief. That identification amounts to accepting Nietzsche's claim that human beings should be viewed, for epistemological purposes, as what Nietzsche called clever animals. Beliefs are to be judged solely by their utility in fulfilling these animals' varied needs. James and good college, Nietzsche did for the word true what John Stuart Mill had done for the word right. Just as Mill says that there is no ethical motive apart from the desire for the happiness of human beings, so James and my paper nursing, Nietzsche say that there is no will to Writing key attributes truth distinct from the will to happiness. My Paper? All three philosophers think that the terms true and right gain their meaning from their use in evaluating the relative success of efforts to achieve happiness. Nietzsche, to be sure, had no use for Mill, but this was a result of arrogant ignorance, which resulted in a failure to grasp the difference between Mill and Bentham.

James, on the other hand, dedicated his first philosophical treatise to Mill's memory, and tried to good paper cultivate not only the debunking, Benthamite strain in Mill's thought but also the my paper nursing, romantic, Coleridgean strain. Writing Good Key Attributes? The latter led Mill to choose an statement, epigraph from Wilhelm von Humboldt for Writing college paper, On Liberty: The grand, leading principle, towards which every argument unfolded in these pages directly converges, is the absolute and essential importance of human development in its richest diversity. As a romantic utilitarian, Mill wanted to avoid Benthamite reductionism, and to defend a secular culture against the familiar charge of Homework reviews blindness to higher things. This led him, as M. H. Abrams has pointed out, to share Arnold's view that literature could take the place of dogma. Abrams quotes Alexander Bain as saying of Mill that he seemed to look upon Poetry as a Religion, or rather as Religion and Philosophy in good paper key attributes, One. Homework Reviews Geography? Abrams also quotes a letter of college Mill's which says that the new utilitarianism--his own as opposed to Bentham's--holds Poetry not only on a par with, but the necessary condition of, any true and comprehensive Philosophy. Abrams argues that Mill and Advantages of homework globalization, Arnold, despite their differences, drew the same moral from the Writing good key attributes, English Romantics: that poetry could and should take on the tremendous responsibility of the functions once performed by the exploded dogmas of religion and religious philosophy.#148; The exploded dogmas included the claim that, whereas there can be many great poems, there can be only one true religion, because only one true God. Poetry cannot be a substitute for a monotheistic religion, but it can serve the purposes of a secular version of polytheism. The substitution of poetry for religion as a source of ideals, a movement that began with the my paper, Romantics, seems to me usefully described as a return to polytheism.

For if, with the utilitarians, you reject the idea that a nonhuman authority can rank human needs, and thus dictate moral choices to human beings, you will favor what Arnold called Hellenism over what he called Hebraism. You will reject the Writing good paper, idea, characteristic of the business paper xerox, evangelical Christians whom Arnold thought of as Hebraist, that it suffices to love God and keep his commandments. You will substitute what Arnold called the Writing good college paper, idea of a human nature perfect on all its sides. Different poets will perfect different sides of Advantages of homework human nature, by projecting different ideals. A romantic utilitarian will probably drop the idea of Writing diverse immortal persons, such as the Olympian deities, but she will retain the idea that there are diverse, conflicting, but equally valuable forms of human life. A polytheism of this sort is recommended in a famous passage near the end of The Varieties of Religious Experience at which James says.

If an Emerson were forced to statement school be a Wesley, or a Moody forced to be a Whitman, the total human consciousness of the divine would suffer. The divine can mean no single quality, it must mean a group of qualities, by being champions of which in alternation, different men may all find worthy missions. Each attitude being a syllable in human nature's total message, it takes the whole of Writing good paper key attributes us to spell the meaning out Help personal school start, completely. James' loose use of the term the good college, divine makes it pretty much equivalent to the ideal. In this passage he is doing for theology what Mill had done for politics when he cited von Humboldt's claim that human development in its richest diversity is the aim of social institutions. There is a passage in Nietzsche in praise of polytheism that complements the one I have just quoted from James. My Paper Nursing? In section 143 of The Gay Science he argues that morality--in the wide sense of the need for acceptance of binding laws and customs--entails hostility against the impulse to have an ideal of one's own.

But, he says, the pre-Socratic Greeks provided an outlet for individuality by permitting human beings to college behold, in some distant overworld, a plurality of norms: one god was not considered a denial of another god, nor blasphemy against him. In this way, Nietzsche says, the luxury of individuals was first permitted; it was here that one first honored the rights of business essays uk online individuals. For in pre-Socratic polytheism the free-spiriting and Writing good paper key attributes, many-spiriting of man attained its first preliminary form--the strength to create for ourselves our own new eyes. Here is a definition of polytheism that covers both Nietzsche and James. You are a polytheist if you think that there is no actual or possible object of knowledge that would permit you to commensurate and Do write, rank all human needs. Isaiah Berlin's well-known doctrine of incommensurable human values is, in my sense, a polytheistic manifesto. Writing Good College? To be a polytheist in this sense you do not have to believe that there are nonhuman persons with power to intervene in human affairs. All you need do is to abandon the idea that we should try to find a way of making everything hang together, which will tell all human beings what to do with their lives, and tell all of them the Help personal statement start, same thing. Polytheism, in the sense I have defined it, is pretty much coextensive with romantic utilitarianism. Writing Good? For once one sees no way of ranking human needs other than playing them off against Buy a business essays uk online one another, human happiness becomes all that matters.

Mill's On Liberty provides all the ethical instruction you need--all the philosophical advice you are ever going to get about your responsibilities to other human beings. For human perfection becomes a private concern, and our responsibility to others becomes a matter of Writing good key attributes permitting them as much space to pursue these private concerns--to worship their own gods, so to speak--as is Help personal statement for dental school start, compatible with granting an equal amount of space to all. The tradition of religious toleration is extended to moral toleration. This privatization of perfection permits James and Nietzsche to agree with Mill and Arnold that poetry should take over the role that religion has played in Writing, the formation of individual human lives. They also agree that nobody should take over the function of the clergy.

For poets are to Buy a essays a secularized polytheism what the priests of a universal church are to monotheism. Writing College Paper? Once you become polytheistic, you will turn away not only from priests but from such priest-substitutes as metaphysicians and physicists--from anyone who purports to tell you how things really are, anyone who invokes the distinction between the true world and Do write my paper nursing, the apparent world that Nietzsche ridiculed in Twilight of the Idols. Both monotheism and the kind of metaphysics or science that purports to tell you what the world is really like are replaced with democratic politics. A free consensus about how much space for private perfection we can allow each other takes the paper, place of the globalization, quest for objective values, the quest for a ranking of human needs that does not depend upon such consensus. So far I have been playing along with Berthelot's emphasis on the similarities between Nietzsche and good college key attributes, the American pragmatists. Now I want to turn to Help with statement for dental start the two most obvious differences between them: their attitude toward democracy and Writing good college paper key attributes, their attitude toward religion. Do Write? Nietzsche thought democracy was Christianity for the people--Christianity deprived of the nobility of spirit of which Christ himself, and key attributes, perhaps a few of the more strenuous saints, had been capable. Dewey thought of democracy as Christianity cleansed of the hieratic, exclusionist elements. Nietzsche thought those who believed in a traditional monotheistic God were foolish weaklings. Dewey thought of Homework them as so spellbound by Writing good college key attributes, the work of one poet as to be unable to appreciate the with, work of other poets. Dewey thought that the sort of aggressive atheism on which Nietzsche prided himself is good, unnecessarily intolerant.

It has, he said, something in common with traditional supernaturalism. I want first to argue that Nietzsche's contempt for democracy was an adventitious extra, inessential to Help with statement school start his overall philosophical outlook. Then I shall get down to my main task in this paper--defending Dewey's tolerance for religious belief against those who think that pragmatism and religion do not mix. Nietzsche was a utilitarian only in the sense that he saw no goals for human beings to pursue other than human happiness. He had no interest in Writing college, the greatest happiness of the greatest number, but only in that of a few exceptional human beings--those with the capacity to Advantages essay globalization be greatly happy. Democracy seemed to him a way of trivializing human existence. By contrast, James and Dewey took for granted, as Mill had, the ideal of universal human fraternity. Writing College Paper? Echoing Mill, James wrote, Take any demand, however slight, which any creature, however weak, may make. Ought it not, for its own sole sake, to be desired?

Romantic utilitarianism, pragmatism, and polytheism are compatible with both wholehearted enthusiasm and whole-hearted contempt for democracy. The frequent complaint that a philosopher who holds the pragmatic theory of Do write my paper nursing truth cannot give you a reason not to be a fascist is perfectly justified. But neither can that person give you a reason to be a fascist. For once you become a polytheist in the sense I just defined, you have to give up on the idea that philosophy can help you choose among the various deities and the various forms of good college paper life offered. The choice between enthusiasm and contempt for democracy becomes more like a choice between Walt Whitman and with statement for dental school, Robinson Jeffers than between competing sets of philosophical arguments. Those who find the pragmatist identification of truth with what is good to believe morally offensive often say that Nietzsche, rather than James and Dewey, drew the proper inference from the abandonment of the college paper key attributes, idea of an object of personal statement start knowledge that tells one how to rank human needs. Those who think of pragmatism as a species of college key attributes irrationalism, and of irrationalism as selling the pass to fascism, say that James and Dewey were blind to the antidemocratic consequences of their own ideas, and naive to think that one can be both a good pragmatist and a good democrat. Such critics make the same mistake that Nietzsche made. They think that the idea of fraternity is my paper nursing, inextricable from Platonism. Platonism, in this sense, is the idea that the Writing college, will to business uk online truth is distinct from the will to Writing good college key attributes happiness--or, to be a bit more precise, the claim that human beings are divided between a quest for a lower, animal form of happiness and my paper, a higher, God-like form of happiness.

Nietzsche mistakenly thought that once (with Darwin's help) you had given up this idea, and had gotten used to the idea that you are just a clever animal, you could have no reason to wish for the happiness of all human beings. Good Key Attributes? He was so impressed by the fact that Christianity would have seemed ludicrous to the Homeric heroes that he was unable, except at Advantages of homework, occasional fleeting moments, to think of Christianity as the work of strong poets. So Nietzsche assumed that once poetry had replaced religion as the source of ideals, there would be no place for either Christianity or democracy. Nietzsche would have done better to ask himself whether the Christian emphasis on human fraternity--the idea that for Christians there is neither Jew nor Greek, and Writing key attributes, the related idea that love is the only law--might have been only accidentally, for contingent historical reasons, associated with Platonism. Buy A Business Uk Online? This ideal might have gotten along nicely without the logocentrism of the college key attributes, Gospel of John, and without Augustine's unfortunate suggestion that Plato had prefigured Christian truth. In a different, but possible, world, some early Christian might have anticipated James' remark about Emerson and Wesley by writing If Caesar were forced to be Christ, the solutions, total human consciousness of the divine would suffer. A Christianity that was merely ethical--the sort Jefferson and other Enlightenment thinkers commended and was later propounded by theologians of the social gospel--might have sloughed-off exclusionism by viewing Jesus as one incarnation of the divine among others.

The celebration of an ethics of love would then have taken its place within the relatively tolerant polytheism of the Roman Empire, having disjoined the ideal of human brotherhood from the claim to represent the good college paper, will of an omnipotent and monopolistic Heavenly Father (not to Custom business xerox mention the idea that there is no salvation outside the Christian Church). Had they preached such a merely moral and social gospel, the Christians would never have bothered to develop a natural theology. So thirteenth-century Christians would not have worried about college paper key attributes whether the Scriptures could be reconciled with Aristotle. Seventeenth-century believers would not have worried about whether they could be reconciled with Newton, nor those in Buy a business essays uk online, the nineteenth century about Writing good paper whether they could be reconciled with Darwin. These hypothetical Christians would have treated Scripture as useful for purposes for which Aristotle, Newton, and Darwin were useless, and as useless for purposes of Accounting solutions prediction and control of the environment. Writing Key Attributes? As things stood, however, the Christian churches remained obsessed by the Platonic idea that both Truth and God are One. So it was natural, when physical science began to make some progress, that its practitioners should take over this rhetoric, and thereby stir up a war between science and theology, between Scientific Truth and Religious Faith. I have imagined such a non-Platonic and nonexclusivist form of Christianity in order to emphasize that no chain of inference links the ideal of human fraternity to the ideal of escaping from a world of appearance inhabited by animals to a real world in which humans will become as gods. Nietzsche and contemporary critics who see Nietzsche and Custom business paper xerox, Dewey as holding similarly dangerous irrationalist doctrines have been tricked by Plato into believing that, unless there is such a real world, Thrasymachus, Callicles, and Hitler are unanswerable. But they are unanswerable only in the sense that, pace Habermas, there are no premises to which they must assent simply by virtue of being rational, language-using animals. A fortiori, there are no such premises that would lead them to agree that they should treat all other human beings as brothers and sisters.

Christianity as a strong poem, one poem among many, can be as socially useful as Christianity backed up by the Platonist claim that God and Truth are interchangeable terms. Although I do not think that there is an inferential path that leads from the Writing good paper, antirepresentationalist view of truth and knowledge common to Nietzsche, James, and Dewey either to democracy or antidemocracy, I do think there is Advantages globalization, a plausible inference from democratic convictions to such a view. Your devotion to democracy is unlikely to be wholehearted if you believe, as monotheists typically do, that we can have knowledge of an objective ranking of human needs that can overrule the result of democratic consensus. But if your devotion is wholehearted, then you will welcome the utilitarian and pragmatist claim that we have no will to truth distinct from the will to happiness. So much for good college paper, the disagreement between Nietzsche and his American colleagues about the value of democracy. I turn now to the other big difference between Nietzsche on the one hand and Accounting homework help solutions, James and Dewey on the other. Nietzsche thinks religious belief is intellectually disreputable; James and Dewey do not. In order to defend James and Dewey's tolerance for theism against Nietzsche, I shall sketch a pragmatist philosophy of religion in five brief theses. Then I shall try to Writing good paper key attributes relate these theses to what James and Dewey actually said about my paper belief in Writing good, God.

First, it is an help, advantage of the antirepresentationalist view of belief that James took over from Bain and key attributes, Peirce--the view that beliefs are habits of action--that it frees us from the responsibility to of homework globalization unify all our beliefs into paper a single worldview. If our beliefs are all parts of a single attempt to represent a single world, then they must all hang together fairly tightly. But if they are habits of action, then, because the purposes served by action may blamelessly vary, so may the habits we develop to serve those purposes. Second, Nietzsche's attempt to see science through the optic of Buy a art, and art through that of life, like Arnold's and Mill's substitution of poetry for religion, is an attempt to make more room for individuality than can be provided either by key attributes, orthodox monotheism, or by the Enlightenment's attempt to Custom business xerox put science in the place of key attributes religion as a source of Truth. So the attempt, by Tillich and with school, others, to treat religious faith as symbolic, and thereby to treat religion as poetic and poetry as religious, and neither as competing with science, is on the right track.

But to Writing good make it convincing we need to drop the idea that some parts of Custom business paper xerox culture fulfill our need to college know the truth and others fulfill lesser aims. The pragmatists' romantic utilitarianism does drop this idea: if there is no will to truth apart from the will to happiness, there is no way to contrast the cognitive with the noncognitive, the serious with the nonserious. Third, pragmatism does permit us to make another distinction, one that takes over some of the Buy a business essays uk online, work previously done by the old distinction between the cognitive and Writing key attributes, the noncognitive. The new distinction is between projects of social cooperation and projects of individual self- development. Do Write My Paper? Intersubjective agreement is required for the former projects, but not for Writing college, the latter. Natural science is a paradigmatic project of social cooperation: the project of improving man's estate by taking account of every possible observation and experimental result in order to facilitate the making of solutions predictions that will come true.

Law is another such paradigm. Romantic art, by contrast, is a paradigmatic project of individual self-development. Religion, if it can be disconnected from both science and morals--from the Writing good paper, attempt to Homework help reviews geography predict the consequences of college key attributes our actions and the attempt to rank human needs--may be another such paradigm. Fourth, the idea that we should love Truth is Accounting homework help, largely responsible for college key attributes, the idea that religious belief is intellectually irresponsible. But there is my paper nursing, no such thing as the love of Truth. What has been called by that name is a mixture of the love of reaching intersubjective agreement, the good key attributes, love of gaining mastery over a recalcitrant set of help data, the love of winning arguments, and the love of synthesizing little theories into big theories. It is never an objection to Writing good paper key attributes a religious belief that there is no evidence for it. The only possible objection to it can be that it intrudes an individual project into a social and cooperative project, and thereby offends against the teachings of On Liberty. Such intrusion is a betrayal of one's responsibilities to cooperate with other human beings, not of one's responsibility to Truth or to Reason. Fifth, the help, attempt to love Truth, and to think of Writing it as One, and as capable of commensurating and my paper nursing, ranking human needs, is a secular version of the college paper, traditional religious hope that allegiance to something big, powerful, and nonhuman will persuade that powerful being to take your side in your struggle with other people.

Nietzsche despised any such hope as a sign of weakness. Pragmatists who are also democrats have a different objection to such hope for help geography, allegiance with power. They see it as a betrayal of the ideal of human fraternity that democracy inherits from the Judeo-Christian religious tradition. That ideal finds its best expression in the doctrine, common to Mill and James, that every human need should be satisfied unless doing so causes too many other human needs to go unsatisfied. The pragmatist objection to religious fundamentalists is not that fundamentalists are intellectually irresponsible in disregarding the results of natural science. Rather it is Writing good college key attributes, that they are morally irresponsible in Advantages, attempting to circumvent the good college paper, process of essay globalization achieving democratic consensus about how to Writing paper maximize happiness.

They sin not by ignoring Mill's inductive methods, but by my paper, ignoring his reflections on liberty. I turn now to the question of how the view of religious belief epitomized in my five theses accords with the good college key attributes, views of James and Dewey. It would not, I think, have been congenial to James. But I think it might have suited Dewey. So I shall argue that it is Dewey's rather unambitious and halfhearted A Common Faith, rather than James' brave and Help statement, exuberant Conclusion to Varieties of Religious Experience, that coheres best with the romantic utilitarianism which both accepted. James says, in that chapter of Writing good paper key attributes Varieties, that the pivot round which the uk online, religious life revolves . is the interest of the individual in his private personal destiny. Writing Good Paper Key Attributes? By repudiating the Advantages of homework essay globalization, personal point of view, however, science gives us a picture of nature that has no distinguishable ultimate tendency with which it is Writing good paper key attributes, possible to reviews feel a sympathy. The driftings of the Writing good college, cosmic atoms are a kind of aimless weather, doing and Do write nursing, undoing, achieving no proper history, and Writing key attributes, leaving no result. On the view I have just outlined, he should have followed this up by Help personal statement, saying But we are free to Writing good paper key attributes describe the universe in many different ways.

Describing it as the drifting of cosmic atoms is useful for the social project of working together to for dental school start control our environment and good college, improve man's estate. But that description leaves us entirely free to Homework reviews geography say, for example, that the Heavens proclaim the glory of God. Sometimes James seems to take this line, as when, with obvious approval, he quotes James Henry Leuba as saying. God is not known, he is not understood, he is used --sometimes as meat-purveyor, sometimes as moral support, sometimes as friend, sometime as an object of love. If he proves himself useful, the religious consciousness can ask no more than that. Does God really exist?

How does he exist? What is he? are so many irrelevant questions. Not God, but life, more life, a larger, richer, more satisfying life, is, in Writing good college paper, the last analysis, the end of religion. Unfortunately, however, almost immediately after quoting Leuba James says we must next pass beyond the point of view of merely subjective utility and make inquiry into the intellectual content itself. He then goes on to argue that the material he has gathered together in Varieties provides empirical evidence for the hypothesis that the conscious person is continuous with a wider self through which saving experiences come. He calls this a positive content of religious experience which, it seems to me, is literally and objectively true as far as it goes.

On the view I have been suggesting, this claim to literal and objective truth is unpragmatic, hollow, and superfluous. James should have rested content with the argument of The Will to Believe. As I read that essay, it says that we have a right to believe what we like when we are, so to speak, on our own time. But we abandon this right when we are engaged in, for example, a scientific or a political project. For when so engaged it is Advantages of homework, necessary to reconcile our beliefs, our habits of action, with those of others. On our own time, by contrast, our habits of action are nobody's business but our own. A romantic polytheist will rejoice in college key attributes, what Nietzsche called the free-spiritedness and many-spiritedness of individuals, and Buy a, see the Writing good key attributes, only constraint on this freedom and this diversity as the need not to injure others. James wobbled on the question of whether what he called the religious hypothesis was something to be adopted on passional or on intellectual grounds.

This hypothesis says that the best things are the more eternal things, the overlapping things, the things in the universe that throw the last stone, so to nursing speak, and say the final word. Good College Paper? In The Will to Buy a business Believe this is put forward as a hypothesis to which considerations of evidence are irrelevant, and must therefore be turned over to our emotions. But in the Conclusion to Varieties of Religious Experience, the college paper key attributes, hypothesis that God's existence is the guarantee of an ideal order that shall be permanently preserved is one for which he has accumulated evidence. There he also says that the least common denominator of religious beliefs is that The solution [to the Accounting help solutions, problem presented by good key attributes, a `sense that there is something wrong about us as we naturally stand'] is that we are saved from the wrongness by making proper connection with the higher powers. Help With Statement For Dental? Again, he says that the Writing paper, conscious person is continuous with a wider self from which saving experiences come. James should not have made a distinction between issues to be decided by intellect and issues to be decided by emotion. If he had not, he might have wobbled less. What he should have done instead was to distinguish issues that you must resolve cooperatively with others and issues that you are entitled to business resolve on your own.

The first set of issues are about conciliating your habits of action with those of other human beings. Good Paper Key Attributes? The second set are about getting your own habits of Accounting solutions action to cohere with each other sufficiently so that you acquire a stable, coherent, self-image. But such a self-image does not require monotheism, or the belief that Truth is One. It is compatible with the idea that you have many different needs, and that the beliefs that help you fill one set of needs are irrelevant to, and Writing good college paper key attributes, need not be made to cohere with, those that help you to fill another set. Dewey avoided James' mistakes in this area.

One reason he did so is that he was much less prone to a sense of guilt than was James. After he realized that his mother had made him unnecessarily miserable by burdening him with a belief in original sin, Dewey simply stopped thinking that, in James' words, there is something wrong about us as we naturally stand. My Paper? He no longer believed that we could be saved from the wrongness by making proper connection with the higher powers. He thought that all that was wrong with us was that the Christian ideal of fraternity had not yet been achieved--society had not yet become pervasively democratic. That was not a problem to be solved by making proper connection with higher powers, but a problem of men to be solved by men.

Dewey's steadfast refusal to have any truck with the good key attributes, notion of Advantages essay globalization original sin, and his suspicion of anything that smacked of such a notion is bound up with his lifelong distaste for Writing college paper key attributes, the idea of authority--the idea that anything could have authority over the members of Help with statement for dental school start a democratic community save the free, collective, decisions of that community. This antiauthoritarian motif is perhaps clearest in his Christianity and Democracy--an early essay to Writing college paper which Alan Ryan has recently called our attention, saying that it is a dazzling and dazzlingly brave piece of work. Indeed it is. It must have seemed strange to with statement school the University of Michigan's Christian Students Association to be told, in 1892, that God is essentially and only the self-revealing and that the revelation is complete only as men come to realize him. Dewey spelled out what he meant by going on to say, Had Jesus Christ made an absolute, detailed and explicit statement upon all the Writing paper, facts of life, that statement would not have had meaning--it would not have been revelation--until men began to realize in their own action the truth that he declared--until they themselves began to business paper live it. This amounts to saying that even if a nonhuman authority tells you something, the only way to figure out Writing key attributes, whether what you have been told is true is to see whether it gets you the sort of life you want. The only way is to apply the utilitarian test for whether the suggestion made proves to Buy a business essays be good in the way of belief. Granted that hearing what such a being has to Writing good college key attributes say may change your wants, you nevertheless test those new wants and that purported truth in the same way: by living them, trying them out in everyday life, seeing whether they make you and yours happier. Suppose that a source you believe to help solutions be nonhuman tells you that all men are brothers, that the Writing good college paper key attributes, attempt to make yourself and Accounting solutions, those you cherish happier should be expanded into an attempt to make all human beings happy.

For Dewey, the source of this suggestion is irrelevant. You might have heard it from a god or a guru, but you might just as well have found it carved out by the waves on a sandy beach. It has no validity unless it is college paper, treated as an hypothesis, tried out, and found successful. The good thing about Christianity, Dewey is saying, is that it has been found to work. More specifically, what has been found to work is the Custom paper xerox, idea of fraternity and equality as a basis for social organization.

This worked not just as a Thrasymachian device for avoiding pain--what Rawls calls a mere modus vivendi--but as a source of the kind of spiritual transfiguration that Platonism and the Christian churches have told us would have to wait upon a future intersection of time with eternity. It makes possible precisely the sort of nobility of spirit that Nietzsche mistakenly thought could be had only by college paper, the exceptional few--those who were capable of being greatly happy. Democracy, Dewey says, is neither a form of government nor a social expediency, but a metaphysic of the Advantages of homework essay globalization, relation of man and his experience in nature. The point of calling it a metaphysic is not, of course, that it is an accurate account of the fundamental relation of reality, but that if one shares Whitman's sense of glorious democratic vistas stretching on good key attributes, indefinitely into the future one has everything which Platonists hoped to get out of such an account. For Whitman offers what Tillich called a symbol of ultimate concern, of something that can be loved with all one's heart and soul and mind. Plato's mistake, in Dewey's view, was having identified the reviews, ultimate object of eros with something unique, atemporal, and nonhuman rather than with an indefinitely expansible pantheon of transitory temporal accomplishments, both natural and cultural. This mistake lent aid and Writing good college key attributes, comfort to monotheism. Dewey might well have agreed with Nietzsche that Monotheism, this rigid consequence of the doctrine of one normal human type--the faith in one normal god beside whom there are only pseudo-gods--was perhaps the greatest danger that has yet confronted humanity. When Christianity is treated as a merely social gospel, it acquires the advantage which Nietzsche attributes to polytheism: it makes the most important human achievement creating for ourselves our own new eyes, and thereby honors the rights of individuals.

As Dewey put it, Government, business, art, religion, all social institutions have . a purpose[:] . to set free the capacities of human individuals. Essays Uk Online? IT]he test of their value is the Writing paper key attributes, extent to which they educate every individual into Help for dental start the full stature of his possibility. College? In a democratic society, everybody gets to worship his or her personal symbol of ultimate concern, unless worship of paper that symbol interferes with the pursuit of happiness by his or her fellow-citizens. Accepting that utilitarian constraint, the one Mill formulated in On Liberty, is the only obligation imposed by democratic citizenship, the only exception to democracy's commitment to honor the rights of individuals. This means that nobody is under any constraint to seek Truth, nor to care, any more than Sherlock Holmes did, whether the earth revolves around the sun or conversely. Scientific theories become, as do theological and philosophical ones, optional tools for the facilitation of paper individual or social projects.

Scientists thereby lose the Custom paper, position they inherited from the monotheistic priesthood, as the people who pay proper tribute to the authority of something not ourselves. Not ourselves is a term that tolls like a bell throughout the text of Arnold's Literature and Dogma, and this may be one of the reasons Dewey had a particular dislike for Arnold. Once he got out from under his mother's Calvinism, Dewey distrusted nothing more than the suggestion that there was a nonhuman authority to which human beings owed respect. He praised democracy as the only form of moral and social faith that does not rest upon the idea that experience must be subjected at some point or other to some form of external control: to some `authority' alleged to exist outside the process of experience. This passage in an essay of 1939 echoes one written forty-seven years earlier. In Christianity and Democracy Dewey had said that The one claim that Christianity makes is that God is college key attributes, truth; that as truth He is love and reveals Himself fully to man, keeping back nothing of Himself; that man is so one with the truth thus revealed that it is not so much revealed to Do write nursing him as in him; he is its incarnation. For Dewey God is in no way Kierkegaard's Wholly Other. Nor is he One. Writing? Rather, he is all the varied sublimities human beings come to see through the eyes that they themselves create.

If atheism were identical with antimonotheism, then Dewey would have been as aggressive an atheist as has ever lived. Homework Reviews? The idea that God might have kept something back, that there might be something not ourselves that it was our duty to discover, was as distasteful to him as was the idea that God could tell us which of our needs took priority over others. He reserved his awe for the universe as a whole, the community of key attributes causes and consequences in which we, together with those not born, are enmeshed. The continuing life of this comprehensive community of beings, he said, includes all the significant achievement of help geography men in science and art and all the kindly offices of good intercourse and communication. Notice, in the passages I have just quoted, the phrase together with those not born and also the adjective continuing. Dewey's distaste for the eternity and stability on which monotheism prides itself is with personal start, so great that he can never refer to Writing key attributes the universe as a whole without reminding us that the universe is still evolving--still experimenting, still fashioning new eyes with which to see itself. Wordsworth's version of pantheism meant a great deal to Dewey, but Whitman's insistence on business paper xerox, futurity meant more.

Wordsworth's pantheism saves us from what Arnold called Hebraism by making it impossible to Writing college treat, as Dewey put it, the drama of sin and redemption enacted within the isolated and lonely soul of man as the Homework, one thing of ultimate importance. But Whitman does something more. He tells us that nonhuman nature culminates in a community of Writing college paper free men, in their collaboration in building a society in Help with statement start, which, as Dewey said, poetry and religious feeling will be the unforced flowers of life. Dewey's principal symbol of what he called the union of the ideal and the actual was the good key attributes, United States of America treated as Whitman treated it: as a symbol of openness to the possibility of as yet undreamt of, ever more diverse, forms of human happiness. Help Geography? Much of what Dewey wrote consists of endless reiteration of Whitman's caution that America . counts, as I reckon, for her justification and success, (for who, as yet, dare claim success?) almost entirely on the future.

For our New World I consider far less important for what it has done, or what it is, than for Writing good, results to Do write my paper come. (C) 1998 Duke University Press All rights reserved. ISBN: 0-8223-2228-5.

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33 examples of Writing good college key attributes great meta descriptions for search. Buy A Business Essays! Despite the current trend to segment your audience as much as possible it's still easy to overlook the Writing good art of meta description writing. After all Google search still reaches all of your target market and beyond. Here's a reminder of the important considerations for meta description writing with some examples. Ah meta descriptions… the Accounting help last bastion of college paper traditional marketing! The only cross-over point between marketing and search engine optimisation! The knife edge between beautiful branding and an online suicide note!

It’s been a long time since Google read the meta description tag and help ranked your site accordingly. It is true that Yahoo Bing do still pay some reference to it. However, the real and most-misunderstood value in this important 156 characters of real estate is that it represents the first touchpoint with your brand to the world. Indeed in this world of split testing and good college paper key attributes persona development one thing is still for sure: everyone uses search. Accounting Help Solutions! Whilst you may have the right RGB to attract the Writing college key attributes C suite executive through your site, presenting yourself ineffectively in the SERPs can still spell a disaster. The meta description is the snippet that appears below the blue link in Google search. Words that matched the reviews user query get pulled out in bold. Complementary assets appear alongside it in the form of star ratings, author thumbnail, site links, and other rich schema, or mark up.

The art of writing the meta description. The art to writing the Writing college paper key attributes meta description is a simple one, and one which the present day author may see akin to composing a tweet, with its strict character limit (156). Do Write Nursing! There are some key elements to ensure you feature: Search Terms . Don’t forget that keywords matching the users query will be matched in bold and therefore draw the eye’s attention to your result and increase your chances of click through. Brand message/strap line. An important differentiator in a crowded marketplace. College Key Attributes! Really, what sells you? Be honest now.

Compelling marketing message . AHA! The last bastion of traditional marketing! Write something that markets the contents of this page. USPs/value adds/discounts/offers. Make it unique . If you don’t, Google Webmaster Tools will tell you off! It must be unique to the contents of the page. So here’s how you can put it together in 156 characters: Search term relevant to page – why us – why now? Our name – why we’re the best.

Improvements here can obviously be measured (if measured in isolation) as increased click through rate. What happens if you don’t write a meta description? In the business best case scenario Google’s automated system will pick up a useful string of text from the page which reads well and features search terms and helps encourage the click through. In the worst case scenario Google will publish a suicide note. Or possibly even no meta description at Writing paper all. What’s better: commercial suicide or a derelict store?!

Here are 33 examples of great meta descriptions (based on Google Zeitgeist 2012). With Personal For Dental School Start! 33 examples of great meta descriptions. Use the =len() function in Excel to word count your meta description in spreadsheet format. Use SEO Mofo’s Snippet Optimizer for an online character count tool. Our Festival of Marketing event in November is a two day celebration of the modern marketing industry, featuring speakers from brands including LEGO, Tesco, Barclays, FT.com and Writing good college paper more. Published 17 April, 2013 by Tim Aldiss. Help Reviews! Tim Aldiss is the Consultant/Director of Writing good ThinkSearch and a contributor to Econsultancy. Custom Paper Xerox! A day in the life of. Head of Video at an agency. If you don't overcook it, using symbols can make your listing stand out. E.g.

Read ????? product reviews from customers like you! Tip: don't begin your meta description with the symbols, Google won't display it. over 4 years ago. Luella Ben Aziza, Director of Content Research at emarsys. Nice work. If only we had the stats. over good paper key attributes, 4 years ago. I always tells clients to treat the Advantages globalization Meta description like ad space. Good College! What are you going to nursing, say to convince someone to click on your listing out of all the others? over 4 years ago. It's also what comes up on Facebook when someone shares your URL. So important to try and college paper attract that person's Facebook friends to get them to Accounting solutions, click on the link. over 4 years ago. Tim Aldiss, Consultant/Director at ThinkSearch. Absolutely Mark, but I deliberately didn't want to go into the social side of meta descriptions as it's a new field and there are different criteria.

Alex Moss gave a great talk at BrightonSEO about this which you can read more about here: http://www.stateofsearch.com/social-structured-data/ over 4 years ago. Andrew Martin, Head of SEO and Analytics at Personal. Great article Tim. Nice to see some real examples too - rather than just some instructions. It's got me charged to review the meta on the sites i manage. over 4 years ago. It's notable that allmost all of the given examples contain one or more complete sentences as meta description. In my opinion it might be more valuable to good college paper key attributes, use your USP's as bullet points seperated by Do write, a | or (as mentioned) a symbol. And don't forget that the meta description and title are not measured in characters but in pixels! (http://www.seomofo.com/experiments/serp/google-snippet-07.html) over 4 years ago. Awesome examples of meta description. One element you have missed to point our here is call to action in meta description.

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Also whilst you are at it, think about changing your social snippet which is good shared on paper, different networks, adjusting to suit your audience, and Writing paper testing which connects. Maybe a question work's best? If you do have great PPC ad stats - review and use part of these, but don't include prices, as they usually do not update quick enough. PPC ads have stricter restrictions than meta descriptions so you have a lot more freedom to go a bit nuts on Accounting solutions, the call to action. over 4 years ago. Laura Phillips, Digital Marketing Executive at Koozai. Good! Great post, thank you!

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Essay: A Summary of Research Involving Bioluminogenic Probes in Bioluminescence. The medical industry is constantly looking for ways to improve healthcare for the general population. One important facet of the healthcare industry is imaging. Being able to see inside the body and to more fully understand what is happening inside the body is one of the Writing good college key attributes, most reliable ways to determine a method of treatment for a patient. X-rays and other radiological methods are commonly used today to obtain images of the body, but these don’t often allow for understanding to be reached of chemical or other specific pathological processes. That is where the idea of bioluminescence comes in. According to Custom xerox Urano et. Writing Good College Paper Key Attributes. al.1, bioluminescence is a powerful tool that can be used to study complex chemical and business xerox pathological processes in the body, and one of its advantages is that it doesn’t require outside lighting in order to achieve luminescence like fluorescence does. Using bioluminescence, a chemical signal can be stimulated deep inside the body and can be detected with minimal interference from the surrounding tissue. The biggest problem that scientists are facing today with implementing bioluminescent probes is the limitation of current design strategies to deliver the bioluminescent material to the desired area of the Writing good paper key attributes, body. Yasuteru Urano et. al. came up with a new idea to help solve this problem and Do write my paper potentially provide a wide range of useful bioluminogenic probes. In Yasuteru Urano’s experiment they proposed the idea of controlling the bioluminogenic substance aminoluciferin (AL) by using a moiety of a benzene which could transfer electrons to good key attributes excite the luminophore.

This is done by a process they call bioluminescent enzyme-induced electron transfer, or BioLeT. Their goal experimentally was to investigate how electron transport affects the luminophore and therefore control the homework help, luminescence of the molecule. This concept can be observed in figure 1. As molecules are excited chemically, an electron is transferred from the Writing key attributes, highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) to homework the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). When this happens in a fluorophore or luminophore, an electron from the respective group jumps up to the LUMO and en electron from the good, benzene moiety drops down to fill its spot, releasing energy in the form of light. This idea to use luminophore comes from the process by which other fluorescent methods operate, namely Photo-induced electron transfer, as can be observed in figure 1-A. The BioLeT mechanism is similar, the only difference being the use of Luciferase in the place of outside light. As can be observed in figure 1-B, 2 substrates were prepared, substrate 2 being the urethane derivative of business paper, substrate 1. They then reacted aminoluciferin with photinus pyralis and found that even though substrate 2 has a bulkier group on the benzene moiety, substrate 2 showed a luminescence 70 times greater than substrate 1 even though substrate 1 was completely consumed. They concluded that even though substrate 1 reacted with luciferase, luminescence was not emitted in college paper, the process possibly because the reaction took place faster than the luminescence process. Yasuteru’s team decided to Advantages globalization call this process bioluminescent enzyme-induced electron transfer (BioLeT). Yasuteru Urano’s team next had the college key attributes, task to establish the feasibility and actual existence of this phenomenon. Homework Help. This had to be accomplished in Writing college key attributes, order for Homework reviews geography a reliable approach could be made to develop probes that act by the process of BioLeT instead of traditional fluorophores.

To accomplish this they prepared a series of aminoluciferin derivatives containing different benzene moieties with different HOMO energy levels. Writing. They examined the difference between luminescence activity and the energy level in each HOMO (see figure 2). They found that the energy level of the HOMO on each benzene moiety played a large role in the luminescent activity of help reviews geography, each molecule. As the energy level of the HOMO increased, luminescent activity decreased, some of which were nearly non-luminescent at energy levels -5eV and above. Good Key Attributes. This procedure validated the existence of BioLeT. In order to of homework essay globalization prove that the BioLeT principle is useful for key attributes designing bioluminescent probes, Dr. Urano and his team developed their own probe using BioLeT luminescence as the mechanism in their molecule. They decided to Buy a essays uk online use NO as their target molecule because diaminobenzene groups react with NO in a way that creates a substantial change in college paper, HOMO energy levels. They named their molecule diamino-phelylpropyl-aminoleuciferin (DAL) and its structure and of homework essay globalization reaction mechanism with NO can be observed in figure 3. They measured the college paper, HOMO energy levels of both DAL and its reaction product, DAL-T, to be -4.68eV and -6.22eV respectively. They predicted that the product would be sufficiently different in the HOMO energy level to produce a sufficiently different intensity in Buy a essays uk online, luminescence.

The results were as expected, showing that DAL-T produced fluorescence that was greater than DAL by 41 times as can be observed in figure 3. These results support the idea that the excited state regulated by BioLeT is occurring in Writing good college key attributes, DAL and DAL-T and that luminescence by DAL is quenched by the luminophore, again supporting the operation of BioLeT. Dr. Urano later experimented with the Homework geography, detection of NO in vitro using DAL which found a great increase of Writing good college, luminescence when addition of Custom business xerox, a solution containing NO or NOC7 was added, as can again be observed in figure 3-B. They found that DAL was converted to DAL-T as the product, as expected. DAL is selective only for NO, not reacting with other species to good key attributes produce DAL-T and by extension luminescence.

The amount of NOC7 was correlated with luminescent activity and was graphed, as can be observed in figure 3-C. They conducted this experiment with rats, first injecting a rat with DAL and later with NOC7 into the rat’s peritoneal cavity. Images of the rats were taken 40 minutes after the injection with NOC7 and the luminescence intensity was quantified. The results of this experiment can be seen in figure 4. In these rats, DAL was distributed throughout the entire body, and Buy a thus could effectively monitor NO levels throughout the whole body. This experiment illustrates the good college paper, application of DAL in vivo, and further illustrates the possibility of creating bioluminescent probes using the BioLeT process. The bioluminescent signal can be detected very accurately, even through tissue and hair. This ability provides greater reliability over fluorescence probes for in vivo imaging. In this article, Dr.

Urano demonstrates the Advantages of homework, possibility of using a new method for monitoring various biological chemicals in vivo. Just as fluorescent probes have been designed using their PeT properties to Writing college gather information in vivo, bioluminescent probes can be engineered using their BioLeT properties to do the same in an even more accurate and Advantages globalization sensitive manner. The Work of Yasuteru Urano. Urano’s area of research centers heavily in biochemical science, especially in pharmacology, biomolecular chemistry and applied chemistry. He has largely spent his academic and professional life at the University of college paper, Tokyo where he conducted his undergraduate and graduate studies. He obtained his Ph.D. there in 1995 in the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Studies. He then served as a post-doc fellow there from 1995-1997 under Professor Tetsuo Nagano. He then served as Assistant Professor from 1997-2005 and then Associate Professor from 2005-2009 in the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Studies. During much of that time, from 2004-2008 he served under an additional research post at the school. He now serves as a Professor in the Graduate School of Medicine and also in the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Tokyo. One of Dr.

Urano’s earliest articles was published in Do write, 1996, soon after his undergraduate studies were finished. This article emphasizes the role O-dealkylation mechanisms play in an oxidizing system depending on the different substrates available. They found that the good college key attributes, oxidation determinant was if the Advantages globalization, substrate had a phenolic hydroxyl group at the ortho- or para- position relative to Writing college paper key attributes the alkoxy group in cytochrome P 450-dependent monooxygenases.2 Dr. Urano was interested in biological function early on essay, in his career as a scientist. Dr. Urano published another article in 1998 along with several other authors from the University of Tokyo that was of significance3. It currently has 140 citations. This article outlined an experiment they conducted where they examined the role that nitric oxide plays on the brain. In this experiment they used a fluorescent indicator to directly detect the presence of nitric oxide in samples of college paper key attributes, rat brain.

The samples were from both acute cases and normal. Geography. They found that in the CA1 region of the hippocampus in the acute rat brain sample showed fluorescence. This was later confirmed by Writing good, cell culture from the hippocampus. This was a significant finding because nitric oxide production has never been found in that area of the Do write my paper nursing, brain before. Writing Good. This experiment also proved the usefulness of using fluorescence in biological assays because of its sensitivity and real-time ability to provide feedback. Another article published in the year 1999 improved upon the significance of the Buy a business essays, previously mentioned one, with 264 citations4. Writing Paper Key Attributes. This article continues on the trend that Dr. Urano has developed in fluorescence over the years. In this report they outline how they developed and can use a fluorescent indicator for NO. This indicator is called diaminofluoresceins (DAF5).

These DAF’s react with a NO+ equivalent such as N2O3 formed by help reviews geography, oxidation of NO. When they react they produce a highly fluorescent compound called triazolofluoresceins through nitrosation and dehydration mechanisms. If NO is not present these DAF’s will not react, making them useful for detection of good college key attributes, NO produced by cells in business paper xerox, vivo. One issue they ran into was the problem of good, pH, fluorescent ability is sensitive to changes in Homework geography, pH and the intensity will drop if the pH fluctuates too much. One additional benefit of Writing paper, this technique, however, is that it does not interfere with signal transduction inside a cell. In an article published in 2000, Dr. Urano helped to develop a biological fluorescent probe that reacts with zinc and Accounting homework help solutions improves upon the properties off 6-hydroxy-9-phenylfluorone5. Zinc plays an important role in the body. It is an important component of many protein structures, it plays a role in nerve signaling and plays a role in the controlled death of cells.

Even though it is known that zinc plays an important role in Writing good college key attributes, the cell, not much is known about the regulation of help, zinc in a cell, as opposed to calcium, sodium or potassium where much is known. Because of Writing good college, these findings, Dr. Help Geography. Yasuteru and others sought to develop a way to monitor zinc levels in good paper key attributes, the body in order to observe and learn more about reviews geography this important element of cellular function. They also made improvements on their previously formed fluorescent sensor molecules in order to improve results. They found that the previous molecules had a slow complex formation rate as well as a small yield, so they decided to utilize fluorescein’s high-yield and college paper created molecules they called ZnAF-1 and ZnAF-2. The structure of ZnAF-1 and ZnAF-2 can be observed in figure 5. They found that when not in the presence of Zn2+ there was little to no fluorescent activity, but when Zn2+ was introduced the with statement for dental school, fluorescent activity increased by 17-fold. The increase in fluorescent activity can be observed in figure 6. In 2001 Dr.

Urano and others conducted an in-depth study on fluorescein and its chemical properties6. They concluded that the fluorescent properties of fluorescein come from the benzoic acid moiety to the xanthene ring and are controlled by college key attributes, a photoinduced electron transfer process. They measured the threshold to be around -8.9 eV, which basically serves as the on/off switch for the molecule as far as fluorescence is concerned. Using this information, they designed a probe using 9-[2-(3-carboxy-9,10-dimethyl)anthryl]-6-hydroxy-3H-xanthen-3-one (DMAX) to detect oxygen. Buy A Essays Uk Online. They have confirmed that this molecule serves as the most sensitive currently known for O2.

The 9,10-dimethylanthracene moiety serves as a trap for oxygen that acts very rapidly. As expected, DMAX by good paper, itself is reviews geography barely fluorescent at all, but when it is paired with oxygen its fluorescence gains much greater intensity. DMAX could possibly be a great fluorescent probe for oxygen in biological systems. The mechanism through which fluorescein works is shown in Writing college key attributes, figure 7. The chemical structure of fluorescein can be observed in figure 8. In 2001 Dr. Essays. Urano and others synthesized fluorescent probes sensitive to anions7. At the time the good, only anion probes that were known only functioned in organic solvents. In order to be able to have an application in a biological setting, the anion probe would have to xerox function under biological conditions including functionality in water at a neutral pH. In this report they introduce a fluorescent probe that is sensitive to anions and functions under biological conditions. The sensor molecule they designed is called 1-Cd111 with the fluorescent portion being made up of 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin. They found that ATP and ADP showed strong signals when they tested biological anions, but cAMP produced little response.

The mechanism for this reaction can be observed in figure 9. The introduction of an anion produces enough of an excitation to the molecule to cause it to fluoresce and Writing good paper emit light. This experiment provides great potential for biological imaging because anions play large roles in living organisms. Having the ability to monitor anion activity in real time in a biological setting can produce some very valuable biological and analytical appllications. In 2004 Dr. Help With. Urano and others experimented more with NO8. This article currently has over 360 citing references. NO is an important messenger molecule both inside and outside of cells. Unfortunately, it is released in very small amounts and it is very reactive with certain molecules, especially thiols.

These facts have made it difficult to measure NO accurately in vivo with the tools currently available today. Even fluorescein moieties have been lacking enough sensitivity to actively measure NO. In this report, a molecule called boron dipyrromethene is used and compared with fluorescein as a fluorescent probe for NO. The molecule they developed based off of college key attributes, boron dipyrromethene is Advantages of homework called DAMBO-PH, short for 8-(3,4-diaminophenyl)-2,6-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-4,4-difluoro-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene, which they found to be a highly sensitive probe for NO. It initially has a very low fluorescence measurement, but when exposed to NO it fluoresced strongly due to a photo-induced electron transfer mechanism. The development of this molecule was significant because they had to do some fine tuning of the molecule in Writing paper, order for it to function well independent of pH and to avoid probe stacking. It was found that DAMBO was more specific to react only with NO and Homework had higher reactivity at the same time. Dr. Urano conducted even more research regarding NO. One notable article of good college, his from Help personal statement start November 2004 was again about improving upon the imaging techniques used to monitor NO activity. The techniques that have been discussed thus far regarding NO activity monitoring are limited by the fact that fluorescent probes emit a wavelength of light in the visible spectrum.

This area of wavelengths is absorbed readily by body tissues and prevents observation in deeper tissues because the light is Writing good college key attributes absorbed too quickly by tissue. Fluorescent probes that emit light in the near-infrared on wavelength spectrum9 would be much more useful in this regard, and so Dr. Urano developed fluorescent probes that are highly reactive to NO and emit light in the IR spectrum of light. He created the probes with two parts. Solutions. The first is tricarbocyanine, an Writing college paper key attributes IR emitting fluorophore, and globalization o-phenylenediamine as the NO reactive portion. They called the Writing college, chemical group diaminocyanines (DAC’s) which are classified into two types: DAC-P’s which are DAC’s with two propyl groups attached to Help with personal statement for dental allow the DAC through a cell membrane easily and DAC-S’s with sulfonate groups to make them highly soluble in water. The chemical scheme of these molecules is shown in good, figure 10. The absorbance spectra and emittance spectra of DAC-S is shown in figure 11 with the for dental school, presence of varying amounts of NO. These spectra findings indicate that the photo-induced electron transfer process is regulated successfully in these molecules to produce light in the IR spectrum. This finding is significant because at Writing good college key attributes, that time only Homework help reviews geography, one other probe was reported to produce IR wavelengths through regulation by photo-induced electron transfer. The ability of DAC to produce IR wavelengths has been observed to produce clearer results because of less interference from light absorbance in surrounding tissue.

Figure 12 shows the results of administration of Writing college, NOC13 in Do write nursing, the presence of DAC-P in a rat kidney. The administration was given at increasing concentrations in order to allow for Writing good paper key attributes good comparison of fluorescence between doses. This new technique can allow for Buy a uk online many future applications, especially accurate fluorescent imaging in good, deep tissues using infrared wavelengths. More research on fluorescein and Buy a developments on Writing, creating finely tunable fluorescent probes10 was shown in geography, an article published in October 2004 by Dr. Urano. Writing. In this article he shows how he isn’t afraid to think outside the Do write my paper, box and Writing good paper challenge other people’s ideas.

Up until this point it was basically understood that the business uk online, carboxyl group of Writing good college paper, fluorescein was indispensable to the function of the Do write nursing, molecule, so nobody really messed with it. This was a mistake, however, because fluorescent probes have to be modified to fit different substrates in order to observe specific chemical activities in the body. Writing Good Paper. Being able to modify the fluorescein molecule to fit your need was essential in order to Help for dental school achieve the desired goal. This is the main reason fluorescein was limited, because of the lack of design strategies to Writing good college key attributes fit the variety of needs. In this article, Dr. Urano breaks through the traditional form of fluorescein to achieve a new approach to fluorescein probes based on a photochemical basis. He shows that it is possible to replace the homework help solutions, carboxyl group with a different substituent and still have a functional fluorescent probe. Good Paper. He illustrates the feasibility of this idea by using this method to create a probe that is sensitive to beta-galactosidase which is the most widely used reporter enzyme. As can be observed in figure 13, he first replaced the carboxyl group with a methyl group and fluorescence was still achieved. The same principle works with other substituents placed on the top benzene group, which adds much greater flexibility to business essays uk online future fluorescein moieties. In an article published in December of 200611 Dr.

Urano discusses further the greater options that become available when the carboxyl group is replaced on the benzene moiety of Writing good, fluorescene. In this article he talks about a different molecule called tetramethylrhodamine. This molecule has good potential for use as a fluorescent probe because of its resistance to pH, its excellent photochemical properties and Help with statement start longer excitation time and wavelengths. Thus far it has been used very little, perhaps because of Writing, difficulty in modifying it to a useful probe. Here he applies the Do write nursing, same principle he used before and synthesized a new derivative called hydroxymethyltetramethylrhodamine (HMTMR). They found that HMTMR displayed a large amount of absorbance and Writing college paper key attributes fluorescence in protic solvents but little in aprotic or basic solvents. This led them to discover the thiol analogue (HySOx) which is less dependent on pH and functions similarly.

It was found that HySOx was sensitive to HOCl, a chemical generated inside phagosomes just after phagocytosis is completed. Help Personal Start. They then applied HySOx to help visualize phagocytosis of pathogens. As can be observed in figure 14, the good college paper key attributes, activation of these phagosomes could be observed visually as the Custom xerox, HOCl contained in the phagosomes reacts with HySOx and causes excitation and luminescence. They found that these probes can be useful to observe real-time phagocytosis in vivo. As was mentioned earlier, fluorescent dyes that can produce wavelengths near-infrared frequency are desirable because of their attributes of being less absorbed by surrounding tissues and low background autofluorescence. These properties make imaging much clearer and more accurate. These dyes have been utilized to good college diagnose various different diseases, such as arteriosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and cancer.

The problem that is being faced with these probes is that most of them don’t function well in aqueous media because the molecules stack on each other and prevent efficient emission of luminescence. In 2012 Dr. Urano reported on the development of fluorescent dyes that are excitable in near-infrared wavelengths based on the rhodamine scaffold that was discovered in the previous mentioned experiment12. They used a strategy of lengthening the rhodamine ring to adjust the wavelength emitted by the molecule when it became excited and were able to create several different rhodamine-based molecules that emitted near-infrared wavelengths, were efficient in aqueous media, and had good photostability. They then took one of the molecules they developed named SiR-700 and labeled it with an antibody to homework help a glycoprotein known to be specific for good college paper malignant gliomas called tanascin-C (TN-C). They then injected the personal statement for dental start, compound into a mouse prepared with human malignant meningioma cells.

The fluorescent signal of the molecule was observed later after 24 hours. The fluorescent imaging can be observed in figure 15. The signal amazingly remained observable for Writing good college paper key attributes 10 days. This displays the huge developments he has made in creating probes that are resistant to photobleaching and can last for a long time in vivo and help reviews geography still display an accurate image. Dr. Urano’s history as a scientist has been largely devoted to biological imaging. Good Key Attributes. His background in biochemistry, pharmacology and Custom business xerox applied chemistry has given him an Writing good college paper key attributes edge in using chemical knowledge to come up with new ideas to improve the way diseases are observed and Advantages accurately diagnosed. Writing College. With each passing year he has improved upon his previous studies and experiments to produce greater results that have very useful applications, especially in the field of personal for dental school, medicine. Other studies done in this field. Intra-cellular processes are very important to be able to understand, especially when it comes to genes that get turned on that result in disease, such as cancer, autoimmunity and key attributes chronic inflammatory diseases.

Dr.’s Gross and Piwnica-Worms have conducted research where they engineered a luciferase called IkappaB alpha-FLuc. In a living cell this reporting luciferase gave feedback regarding IKK activation, which is a critical regulatory control point for homework help the activation of a DNA transcription factor called NF-kappaB which has been linked to Writing good key attributes many diseases. This IkappaB alpha-FLuc reporter now provides continuous feedback of IKK activity in vivo and provides a reliable way to monitor NF-kappaB signaling and potential signs of disease. The intra-cellular processes mentioned earlier are especially important in the field of immunology. The transcription factor NF-kappaB mentioned earlier is one of the key transcription factors involved in B cell activation in cell-mediated immunity.

Clarification of Advantages, these intracellular events is very important in order for Writing college paper us to understand how immune reactions are stimulated, controlled and halted. As Negrin and Contag mention in their article, the pathophysiology regarding grafts is a subject that is currently being researched. Bioluminescence imaging has great potential to be a reliable modality for observing cell trafficking and homework help solutions gaining greater understanding of biological systems relating to key attributes immunity and grafts. Further manipulation of the business essays, luminescent protein luciferase has yielded wider possibilities of applications in intracellular gene analysis. In Hattori and Ozawa’s article, they detail how they use a new strategy called split-luciferase complementation. Good Paper. This technique enables protein-protein interactions to be detected intracellularly in living cells. This technique has a wide variety of possible applications, such as phosphorylation monitoring, G-protein-coupled receptor screening, and even Ph monitoring in Do write nursing, addition to observing protein-protein interactions. Dragulescu-Andrasi et. al. further emphasize the importance of being able to identify and understand various interactions between proteins in the cell. They describe a system using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer that makes it possible to identify protein-protein interactions not only in culture, but in deep tissue in Writing paper key attributes, a living organism. They outline the potential usages of Buy a business uk online, this system to investigate protein-protein interactions in the context of good college paper, target validation and drug screening in a patient.

The potential usage of this technique is wonderful, especially because of its non-invasive requirements. Wehrman et. al., generated a sequential reporter enzyme that works to report beta-galactosidase activity in vivo using luminescence. This was accomplished using a caged D-luciferin-galactoside conjugate which must react with beta-galactosidase before the luciferin can be released to create luminescence. They state that one benefit of this method, besides the non-invasiveness that comes with using bioluminescence, is the ability for Accounting homework help solutions the probe to remain fully active even when it is outside of the cell since beta-galactosidase is able function without the good college paper key attributes, aid of intracellular enzymes. Because of Accounting homework help, this ability, antibodies conjugated to good college paper the recombinant beta-galactosidase can be used to detect extracellular antigens or other endogenous cells in vivo, which provides applications that weren’t previously possible with older methods. In an experiment conducted by Hickson et. With Personal Statement Start. al., a useful method using bioluminescence has the potential to deliver rapid and sensitive feedback regarding drug efficacy and therapeutic action. Using a modified version of luciferin called Z-DEVD-aminoluciferin, they measured the Writing, amount of luminescence delivered after injecting this modified luciferin into cancerous animals prior to treatment with docetaxel.

They also had a control group who were not injected with docetaxel. Z-DEVD-aminoluciferin is cleaved by caspase-3, which is released in apoptotic cells, which in turn releases the luciferin and results in luminescence. Light was detected in significantly greater amounts in the group that was treated with docetaxel. What was even more significant to note was that these significant readings which occurred at approximately 24 hours after treatment confirmed what a caliper measurement showed nearly 4-5 days later. This helps to illustrate the possibility bioluminescence has in of homework essay, terms of testing drug functionality in vivo. Knowledge of how a drug is working can be obtained many days before older methods could measure. Van de Bittner et. al. conducted an experiment using bioluminescence and related it to hydrogen peroxide.

It is known that hydrogen peroxide is generated by living organisms to kill invading pathogens and to Writing college paper maintain immunity. The specifics on hydrogen peroxide’s general effects on aging and business essays health are largely unknown largely attributed to the difficulties of being able to study it in vivo. In their experiment they report on their use Peroxy Caged Luciferin-1 which serves as a bioluminescent probe that selectively reacts with hydrogen peroxide, causes the release of luciferin and consequently creates luminescence. Because of the sensitivity and selectivity of Peroxy Caged Luciferin-1, a real time image of basal levels of hydrogen peroxide can be observed. The effects of hydrogen peroxide, in addition to all kinds of other chemicals, on aging, disease and health can now be observed where previously it was impossible.

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