Speech written in verse

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basic resume outline A resume is Speech undoubtedly the most important document that is needed in a job application or an Essay marks application for Speech in verse an educational course etc. Do College U Get? Thus a resume must be very professional looking and Speech should have a strictly formal format and tone.#xA0;Well -crafted and one get a job as it makes the marks, first impression on the recruiter. A resume template is a ready to use resume which can be customized by anyone to create their own personal resume. The template is provided with all the basic headings and comes with a pre-formatted structure as well. If you have worked for various organizations, this free download basic resume template would be the most needful with its elaborate space that will help you to state your job history in detail. This basic resume template example is Speech in verse a simple yet smart way to draft your CV, covering all the basic points like objective, professional achievements, skills, job history, education references.

This free traditional elegance resume template offers you ample space to mention the Write comment, 3 most important points of Speech, a resume such as profile, educational qualification and job experience, assuring a neat format in Someone an essay on edgar allan poe quill, turn. A basic resume template is the most basic version or type of a resume template which can be used to Speech written make resumes for any job position. De Philo Du Plan? These templates are very generic which means that any person can make a very simple looking job application resume with them. Some of the fields and content details which are given in basic resume templates include name of Speech written, applicant, address of applicant, phone number of applicant, work history of the applicant, educational qualifications of applicant, skills and Essay marks resume objective . With a little modification and customization, these templates can be completed to obtain perfect looking resume. Writing your first resume?

Changing careers? Want to create an eye-catching resume that will help you land a job? Landing a full-time job can prove to be a difficult and written challenging task whether you have work experience or not. Help? But as long as you have a positive attitude and are able prove yourself worthy of the position, getting that job will not be as daunting as it may seem. If you ever feel pressured in writing your resume, do not worry. We have prepared templates that can help you create that resume that will let employers know that you are a candidate who deserves to get the job. Y our resume will surely look different from other resumes and that#x2019;s fine . Just because it looks different does not mean that it#x2019;s going to be ignored or placed in the scratch pile. To make sure that your resume will still look outstanding, here are a few tips: Start your resume with a summary. Speech Written? This is the critical research comment, section of Speech, your resume where you will state and accentuate what you can contribute to Someone an essay on edgar allan poe quill the company should they decide to let you become a part of their team. List down your work experience.

Preferably in reverse chronological order to let employers know of the most recent one. Highlight the tasks that are relevant to the position being offered. Written In Verse? List your skills and qualifications. Make sure that your resume#x2019;s layout is clean and concise. Playing around with the fonts and colors can be a good way to make it stand out. Just make sure to Essay writing not overdo it. Demonstrate an overall interest to wanting the position being offered. Speech In Verse? Make your resume look as original as possible but professional at the same time.

Always check for typos and grammatical errors. Someone To Write An Essay On Edgar? It is Speech written in verse important to keep in mind that experience isn#x2019;t always everything. Reflect o n the skills and experiences you have acquired and see what differentiates you from other candidates. Let these skills and experiences reflect on your resume. Looking into u get, our can also aid you to making your resumes look first-rate. Once you have created a n effective resume, it will let the employers visualize your capability to finish the tasks presented to you . With the skills and written in verse experiences you have acquired and highlighted in your resume, employers will see that you are equipped for the position and that you have what the company is looking for. All of the Write research, resumes that we have presented in written in verse, this article are in formats that are eas y and convenient to Someone to write an essay allan edit.

All you have to do is choose from these samples which template you think will work for you and that#x2019;s it. Using our templates will let you save more time. Saving more time in writing your resume means more time to spend in applying for written jobs. Essay Proofreading Marks? More time spent on Speech, job applications means more chances of getting an interview. Getting more interview invitations means that you are on your way to getting the dream job that you have always wanted and Dissertation annonce du plan hoped for. Classic resume samples for traditional or non-creative fields.

We have 54 basic resume templates #x2013; 28 are simple and traditional, and 26 are . Speech Written? Use these templates to apply for jobs in traditional fields: banking, accounting, law, science. Essay On Umbrella? These are very classic and traditional, mostly black and white or just with a touch of color. Classic elegant layout with page and title borders to written add a touch of Dissertation annonce, originality. Terrific mutli-purpose traditional sample that will work well for any industry. Size: 112 KB Downloads: 560743 Filename: 58-Traditional-Elegance.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-14 20:00:00 / 6550. Speech Written In Verse? Traditional, two-page layout with profile picture and standard bullet points. All business here for annonce du plan executives, directors, professors, or managers. Size: 38 KB Downloads: 312404 Filename: 176-Button-Down.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-08 17:16:00 / 6116.

Simple, clear, transparent resume design for a one-page basic resume. Size: 37 KB Downloads: 103757 Filename: 279-Goldfish-Bowl.docx Uploaded: 2014-09-19 17:48:00 / 7455. Traditional resume format with key titles in salmon and sky blue section lines add design touch. Thin margins allow much room for all of Speech in verse, your information. Corporate creative-thinker sample. Size: 40 KB Downloads: 60488 Filename: 249-Out-of-the-Box.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-09 23:04:00 / 6433. Traditional template style with bulleted lists for job descriptions and three-column key skills section with bold titles.

Investment banker, financial planner, lawyer, or university professor shine in this sample. Size: 42 KB Downloads: 48987 Filename: 238-Economic.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-09 22:33:00 / 6400. Help Assignment Uk Engineering? An elegant design#xA0;that has a touch of in verse, a night at the theatre, with you as the opening act. Size: 35 KB Downloads: 45681 Filename: 54-Performance.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-06 19:08:00 / 5695. Perfect template for doctoral and master's candidates, professors, and engineering or scientific professionals. Homework U Get? Two-page format with brow headers and Speech in verse multiple sections for honors, publications, research, and more. Size: 36 KB Downloads: 33469 Filename: 203-Ivy-League.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-09 19:18:00 / 6283. Great template for recent graduates, those returning to work force or have a few years of experience. Two-page allows for many sections.

Thin section lines and open circles with middle dots for Essay proofreading marks bullet points add creative touch. Size: 34 KB Downloads: 32126 Filename: 205-Sprouting.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-09 19:25:00 / 6290. Gray shading and blue lines add subtle design touch in this traditional sample. Two-column key competence list, paragraph descriptions, and two-page layout offer lots of space for all of in verse, your information. Size: 47 KB Downloads: 28513 Filename: 183-Seasoned.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-08 17:51:00 / 6138. Very plain, minimalist style. Clear headings covering everything that the reader needs to know.

Good for black and white printing. Size: 77 KB Downloads: 26981 Filename: 13-Plain-Linear.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-06 11:29:00 / 4937. Great for black and white printing. No fuss #x2013; does the job. Very simple minimalistic design with a vertical divider to separate headings and main content. Size: 34 KB Downloads: 26521 Filename: 31-Plain-Divider.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-06 17:12:00 / 5623. Two-page layout with offset profile picture and dashed lines to separate sections. Gray stars used for bullet points. Take the with assignment uk engineering, step from junior to in verse senior level with this sample. Size: 34 KB Downloads: 23202 Filename: 211-Ready-for-More.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-09 19:45:00 / 6318.

Creative mix of serif section titles and sans serif descriptions with italicized objective/profile area. Du Plan? Great template for entry and Speech mid-level professionals as well as new graduates. Size: 38 KB Downloads: 22233 Filename: 240-Font-Appeal.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-09 22:39:00 / 6406. Very traditional black and white. Diamond bullet points give this sample a legal feel.

Size: 49 KB Downloads: 19621 Filename: 46-Traditional.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-06 18:19:00 / 5671. Bold and italic fonts for section headings and Essay titles. Paragraph descriptions and key word clouds to written in verse promote yourself. Classic resume template. Size: 41 KB Downloads: 18187 Filename: 100-Classic-Plain.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-07 21:12:00 / 5845. Traditional template with bold headings, square bullets for each point, and full-page one column format. Lots of area in Help with, this sample for detailed descriptions and all of your experience.

Size: 50 KB Downloads: 17141 Filename: 190-Proficient.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-08 18:18:00 / 6159. Serif font type and conventional layout in this sample good for paralegal, librarian, nurses, and office staff. Written? Bold type faces, thin section line dividers, and open bullets give formal feel. Size: 36 KB Downloads: 13368 Filename: 113-Legal.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-08 12:04:00 / 5914. Block sections with thin divider lines and bold headers. Universal layout great for corporate, creative, or labor industry professionals. Size: 37 KB Downloads: 13057 Filename: 187-Time-Honored.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-08 18:08:00 / 6150.

Traditional resume template. Bold headings and critical paper bulleted lists with lots of space for many sections to fill up the page. Size: 34 KB Downloads: 11545 Filename: 71-Keep-It-Simple.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-06 20:11:00 / 5742. A traditional looking resume with lots of white space, making it a very easy read. Size: 35 KB Downloads: 7796 Filename: 49-Bare-Bones-Minimalistic.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-06 18:27:00 / 5680. Excellent skills resume sample for the career changer or those with much experience in one industry.

Showcase your career achievements with checkbox bullet points and descriptions along with a three-column format for Speech skill sets. Size: 35 KB Downloads: 7764 Filename: 217-Spotlight-on-Achievements.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-09 20:26:00 / 6336. Conventional resume style with bold headings and dotted border lines on Essay, two pages. Speech? Bulleted lists for Help uk engineering experiences and key word cloud for Speech written in verse strengths. Great sample for clerical, retail, or service industry job seeker. Size: 35 KB Downloads: 7533 Filename: 216-Hard-Worker.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-09 20:24:00 / 6333. Plain black and white format but the big, bold lettering gives it impact and has a very modern look. Size: 35 KB Downloads: 7399 Filename: 48-Big-and-Bold.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-06 18:24:00 / 5677. Completely centered format for this template engage the reader's attention. Bold headings and titles spotlight key strengths. Size: 37 KB Downloads: 7068 Filename: 192-Essence.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-08 18:23:00 / 6165.

Star bullet points list your accomplishments and experiences. Thin margins allow for detailed descriptions. Perfect sample for lab technicians, nurses, sales and retail professionals. Size: 36 KB Downloads: 6887 Filename: 173-Star-Showing.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-08 17:08:00 / 6107. Essay Proofreading Marks? Smaller margins and bulleted points give you plenty of room to detail your qualifications and experiences. The dual arrows and in verse dashed lines add a design touch without being flashy. Size: 60 KB Downloads: 6102 Filename: 77-Centred-Traditional.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-06 20:31:00 / 5761. To Write On Edgar Poe Quill? Blue section headers and Speech written divider lines with plus-sign bullets give this template a very polished look. Great for senior directors, bank managers, financial planners, top-level individuals. Size: 42 KB Downloads: 5613 Filename: 189-Exemplar.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-08 18:15:00 / 6156.

This example shows what can be achieved just by using columns to structure content. You can squeeze a lot of information in on a single line while keeping the layout simple and clean. Help? Size: 33 KB Downloads: 4430 Filename: 30-Clean-Columns.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-06 11:49:00 / 4989. Excellent resume style to include all of your performances, exhibitions, and credits. Motivational and Speech public speakers, advertising sales manager, and fine arts professors benefit with this one. Size: 38 KB Downloads: 2597 Filename: 188-Credited.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-08 18:11:00 / 6153. Perfect template for actors, artists, writers, or directors.

Sectioned lists for Dissertation de philo du plan film or writing credits, appearances, honors, and education/training. Written In Verse? Size: 48 KB Downloads: 2063 Filename: 184-Headliners-List.docx Uploaded: 2014-05-08 17:56:00 / 6141. An outstanding resume can leave a good impression on the interviewers and Essay proofreading marks make the interviewees stand out from other candidates. The following tips will offer the guidance on how to create a basic resume template. The size and font of the written in verse, text give the intuitive appreciation to uk engineering the interviewers. Thus it is crucial to choose the proper font and size of the text. Also, the text had better always be in black ink. As for Speech written the creating the heading, it should contain all your contact information, such as name, address, e-mail, and phone number.

What's more, do not forget the layout of the resume, which has a pretty critical function to the final effect of the interview. Generally speaking, a resume has three main types, namely, functional, chronological, and combination. Dissertation Annonce Du Plan? Choosing which style will be decided by the type of the work and in verse your past working experience. Someone To Write Allan? If you want to show your skills and written in verse past working experience, the functional resume can be a good choice. If you want to focus on to write poe quill, presenting the steady growth in a career field, you may prefer the chronological resume.

And if you want to present not only your skills and experience but also the career growth, the combination resume can satisfy your need. When you have finished the resume writing, you need to Speech polish and revise it. Creating the catchy titles for your resume, making those keywords strategically, and Essay using verbs to present your achievements and sense of responsibility will make your resume brilliant. Besides, checking and proofreading are quite necessary which can help you avoid mistakes. This is a close (not exact) copy of Speech written, my engineering resume. An Essay Allan Poe Quill? Resumes are made to Speech written in verse be very simple, in fact, they should only annonce be one page for professional positions. In general, a resume is used to get a 'bite' from a company.

The company you apply at will use the resume as a disqualifer so that they don't need to look through so many applications for a position. Often resumes are rejected for Speech written grammar, spelling, and other careless errors. Show that you can be effective by cleaning everything up and reviewing your resume each time you send it. You vastly increase your chances of getting a job if you vary your objective statement to fit the position you are applying for. Include company name, and make sure that the company name isn't just interchangeable. Be specific. your objective statement is really a set of goals you have in working with that company. Be creative. In 5 years you want to be a manager, right? Always send a cover letter SPECIFIC to homework u get the company you are applying for!

Recently Updated! V.3. I hope this works well for you! If this resume helps you to get a job, please consider donating a small sum to written help me pay for college. Paypal: bruce [dot] schaller [at] gmail [dot] com. Put your best foot forward with this clean, simple resume template. Dissertation Annonce Du Plan? Look for the cover letter for in verse a matched set. This is an accessible template. Word, Word Online. The resume is Someone poe quill essential for each and Speech written every professional who are actively seeking for the desired job.

The candidates need to showcase all the essential details and Write critical research information with their achievements. Speech Written? The resume is writing on umbrella a medium through which the recruiters may get attracted to your profile and consider you for the desired job wherein you will be able to showcase your capabilities and Speech written in verse skill in Help with assignment, their organizations. The basic is well formatted and it includes all the Speech in verse, reference and experience of the individual. The template helps to convey all the required information which helps to convince the recruiter for selecting the candidates in his organization. The basic chronological resume sample template is perfect for you; it includes all the essential details of experience and educational qualifications. This template conveys all the vital information about the candidates, and it attests the skills and talent of the candidates. The template is well organized and easily customizable and has various editable features. The template is a perfect medium to attract the recruiters. The basic student resume sample is well formatted with all the details and information of the student#x2019;s achievement and capabilities during their education tenure.

The template is Essay on umbrella easily customizable with editable features. The student#x2019;s resume includes the references and comments of the tutors and Speech senior lecturers. This template is assignment perfect for the students who are looking for proper opportunities. This accounting resume sample template is written perfect for those individuals who are looking for accounting related jobs. Help With Uk Engineering? This template is Speech in verse essential for the candidates as it contains all the data and achievements in the field of homework u get, accounting. The accounting resume sample template showcases the candidate#x2019;s skills and abilities in Speech in verse, the most appropriate manner.

Templates for basic accounting resume samples are available in different designs and fonts as well. It is helpful to provide all the vital details and information pertaining to the candidates. It gives all the essential data about the candidates. It would be easy to assess all the valuable information and showcase the capabilities. Someone To Write On Edgar Poe Quill? This template will be helpful in attesting the skills and achievements of the candidates. A resume is the first impression for getting proper opportunities and helps in convincing the recruiters that you have the desired skills required for the job profile. It is helpful in persuading the authorities and recruiters through proper formatting and depiction of your qualifications and written in verse capabilities. The basic resume sample is Write very important as it showcases all the significant details and Speech in verse information of a particular person. The resume samples are essential as it helps the individual to get the proper and desirable job in the concerned industry. The basic resume sample templates included all the data and capabilities of the person in the particular field or industry. This template is well formatted, and it needed to attest and list down all the significant information and data for getting your desired designations.

The benefits of the basic resume sample template as far as the recruiters are concerned is, it helps them in filtering all the prioritised candidates and sort all the capable candidates out homework, of the lot. This template would benefit the referrer to written get all the required data and skills of the candidates. Essay Writing? The basic resume sample is formatted in a way that it covers all areas of showcasing the essential information of candidates such as name, educational qualifications, experiences and Speech in verse skills. Help Assignment Uk Engineering? All the Speech in verse, templates for the basic and basic resume sample are available in both the format documents and pdf. All the homework, documents are compatible with all the versions. As we are customer oriented organization and customer satisfaction is our priority, feel free to provide any suggestions and in verse requirements that will help us in improving further.

If you have any DMCA issues on Someone to write on edgar poe quill, this post, please. Do you need to write or update a resume to apply for a job?#xA0;A is a document which includes education, experience, skills, and accomplishments that is used to Speech written apply for Someone an essay allan jobs. Your resume provides a window into your professional history and is one of the most important documents in your job search. Choose the Right Resume for Your Work Experience. Before you start writing your resume, choose a#xA0;#xA0;that highlights your strengths and achievements, review#xA0;,#xA0;, and select a typical#xA0;.

When reviewing the Speech written, templates and examples choose the format that's best for your situation. While all resumes should provide information on your work and education experience, as well as your skills and accomplishments, there are different ways to present this information. For instance, if you have a gap since your last position, you may want to use a functional resume rather than a chronological one. Review free professional written#xA0;samples that fit a variety of employment situations for inspiration for writing your own resume. Remember, your resume needs to impress the hiring manager enough so you get the interview. Research? That means it needs to be perfect. Resumes to Promote Your Qualifications. Resume for Special Circumstances. Review these samples below for help handling specific situations, such as a career or name change.

Resume Samples - Type of Candidate. The resume of an entry level employee generally looks quite different from the resume of a mid-career professional. More Resume Examples:#xA0; Listed by Job. Take a look at these sample resumes, organized by job title and Speech written field. If you are not generating solid leads, despite networking, visiting career sites on the In.

The following resume template lists the Someone to write an essay allan, information you need to Speech in verse include on your resume. Use the template to generate a list of information to include on Essay writing, your resume, then compile the details to format your resume into a customized resume to send to Speech in verse employers. Essay Proofreading? The of your resume should include information on Speech written in verse, how the research paper, employer can contact you. First Last Name. Written? What do you want to to write on edgar allan poe quill do? If you include this section it should be a sentence or two about your employment goals.

A customized that describes why you are the perfect candidate for the job can help your resume stand out Speech written in verse, from the competition. Career Highlights / Qualifications / Profile (optional) A #xA0;of your resume that lists key achievements, skills, traits, and experience relevant to the position for which you are applying can serve dual purposes. It highlights your relevant experience and lets the prospective employer know that you have taken the time to create a resume that shows how you are qualified for the job.#x200B; This section of your resume includes your . List the companies you worked for, dates of employment, the positions you held and a of responsibilities and achievements. of your resume, list the colleges you attended, the degrees you attained, and proofreading marks any special awards and honors you earned. Include skills related to the position / career field that you are applying for written i.e. , language skills.#x200B; There is no need to include references on your resume. Rather, have a separate to Dissertation de philo annonce du plan give to employers upon request. Review the best resume format for writing your resume. Review sample resumes so you can incorporate your resume . Download a free resume template to Speech in verse create your resume or use the templates available in . In all cases, be sure to personalize and customize your resume so it reflects your skills and abilities and connects them with the jobs you are applying for. Executive Resume Samples Professional Resume Samples 110+ Resume Samples, Cover Letter Samples, Executive Resume Samples, CV Samples, CEO Sales Business#xA0;[#x2026;] Do you want a resume that is refined, sophisticated but not pretentious? If that#x2019;s the case, then the Park template below is the perfect option for you. Download this subtle and classy resume template and Essay proofreading marks edit it to suit your own circumstance. Image you are walking down Park Avenue on the Upper East Side.

It#x2019;s fall, the smell of Speech written in verse, leaves lingers on the breeze as you walk back from you favorite coffee shop. You pass a well-dressed businessman in slacks, brown oxfords and marks a grey cardigan. Sitting next to him on the bench is a leather folio with a resume on top, held in written, place by the weight of Essay proofreading, a black Mont Blanc pen. The atmosphere, the season, the resume; they all seem to be in perfect harmony. Now open your eyes, and realize it is in Speech in verse, fact you who are sitting on Help with assignment uk engineering, the bench, and the resume that caught your attention is none other than The Park. Whether in its original #x201C;accountant lamp green#x201D; or one of the other four other carefully selected understated colors, the Park conducts business with class, a perfect match for your personality. Different from our other templates in Speech, that it harmonious blends just the right amount of styling with simple and refreshingly neat formatting to Write research comment produce a resume that would look perfectly at home on any prestigious New York Office mahogany desk. The Park is for the job applicant who knows the difference between a Windsor and a Half Windsor, who knows the difference between Thelonious Monk and Speech John Coltrane, and for the person who knows that even the smallest of details can make all the difference. The Park is not just a resume template; it is an accompaniment to Do college homework your refined, metropolitan lifestyle. The park makes a statement with clever use of space right away in the header of the resume, with a large margin between the top of the page and the applicant#x2019;s name. There are no unnecessary frills or decorations on Speech, The Park; it makes a statement with only practical applications of du plan, sensible color palettes, logical spacing and formatting and measured use of breaks and lines.

No unnecessary frills or decorations One horizontal line Center aligned contact information. Left aligned text. Download The Park today to secure your job tomorrow. drsampleresume April 5, 2017 Uncategorized. Clinical Psychologist Resume Sample LiveCareer Do you know what to include in your Clinical Psychologist resume? View hundreds of Speech written in verse, Clinical Psychologist resume examples to learn the best format, verbs, and Eye-Grabbing Psychologist Resume Samples LiveCareer If you choose the annonce, second option, it#x2019;s a good idea to use psychologist resume samples, like the ones below, to [#x2026;] Thank you so much for making my resume so easy. I loved all the options for job descriptions.

By far the easiest resume ever. Thank you. In Verse? A good first step is selecting a design that meets your needs. Marks? We have 14 different designs that make it easy to get started.

Jan 27, 2018 Speech written in verse, write my essay online for cheap -

noble brutus essay noblest roman in Julius Caesar? In William Shakespeare’s tragedy “Julius Caesar” it was constantly hinted that the Speech written in verse main character was a noble man though incidents in the book occurred that showed Brutus was truly cowardly, naive, and lacked integrity at times while the other characters had their noble moments. This essay will discuss not only Brutus lack nobility but most of the Someone allan poe quill other characters having a higher sense of nobility than Brutus himself. Speech In Verse! In the play Julius Caesar Shakespeare clearly. President Kennedy, you can't cancel out the vote of any country simply because you don't like the vote of the people. No, Julius Caesar should not have been assassinated, anymore than President Kennedy should have been killed. We can't simply eliminate everyone we don't like just because they don't see things exactly as we do. In conclusion, the humility of Julius Caesar and that he loved the people, which is shown in homework u get, his giving of written in verse, land and money to homework, those people, not to mention his denial of. Leadership in Julius Caesar Essays. At Caesars funeral, Brutus tells the written plebeians, “If then that friend demands / Why Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer: / Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved / Rome more. Writing! Had you rather Caesar were living and / Die all slaves, than that Caesar were dead, to live / All free men?” (III.II.1552-1558) Brutus’ intentions were really to help the in verse people of Essay writing on umbrella, Rome, rather than Cassius who secretly wanted the crown for himself.

The people of written in verse, Rome did not want a dictator so Brutus’ plan. What should be in that “Caesar?” Cassius continues to flatter Brutus but that didn’t work on Brutus’ honorable soul. Cassius knew that the people would kill him if he had killed Caesar alone so Cassius tricked Brutus in to joining the Essay conspiracy. Cassius is a good friend of Brutus and in verse he knew that if Brutus was in the conspiracy that the people might think there was a good cause because Brutus had a reputation of being noble and writing honorable. Cassius was a good judge of character.

This is what. Essay on Julius Caesar - Theme of Speech written, Friendship. friendship with Caesar in a horribly deceptive manner, effectively, in order to kill him. Decius managed to start this off well by using flattery and quick wit in order to trick Caesar into going to the senate house, despite the fact that Caesars wife, Calpurnia had dreams of Caesars murder the night before. On Umbrella! Decius was able to explain to Caesar that, This dream is all amiss interpreted; it was a vision fair and fortunate:(2.2.

83-84). He then continues on to explain how Caesars dream was a good. Antony defends the rumor of Caesar being ambitious by Speech reminding the people of Caesar’s generosity to the poor and his refusal of the crown three times. “When that the poor have cried , Caesar hath wept“ (3.2/ 91) Caesar also left money and land to his citizens. Do College Homework! Proving Caesar was not ambitious, but a caring individual concerned for his people. Thus, appealing to the emotions of the people. By the written in verse end of this speech Mark Antony’s emotions toward the with loss of Caesar also affect his audience in. passed away in Speech written, a second where no one has expected.

Overall the organization is pretty flow and vivid enough. I like how each scene was isolated by the characters in the play where one side is mainly characters that dislike Caesar and critical research paper comment the other side would be characters that supports Caesar. Speech! The only error would be the speed of the play that gives no time for readers to vividly understand the story. The descriptions of different characters are the best element in the play. Characters were vividly described. Julius Caesar, The Selfish Dictator Essay. In the writing on umbrella end Caesar was convinced by Decimus Brutus to go forth with the Speech meeting with the senate. While making his way there, He was handed a note with the plot, he put it with all the others intending to read them presently.

When he entered the House in defiance of portents, laughing at Spurinna and calling him a false prophet, because the ides of March were come without bringing him harm. When Caesar took his seat, the conspirators gathered about him as if to pay their respects, and on edgar allan poe quill straightway Tillius. The Character of Brutus in Julius Caesar Essay. iii, 141-158) The people of Rome respected Brutus greatly. The conspirators thought very highly of him and wanted him to in verse, be part of their scheme against Julius Caesar.

If they could get Brutus to join in on the plan the people might think it was all right that they killed the great Caesar. O Cassius, if you could But win the noble Brutus to our party ( I, iii, 140-141) The people respected Brutus. Do College Homework! They thought. Essay on A Comparison of Things Fall Apart and Julius Caesar. Christian church. In Verse! He believed that Christianity was the annonce true faith unlike the traditional Umuofian religion where people were killed no practical reasons and punishments were given unjustly. Brutus betrays Caesar, his friend and Speech superior in rank, by assassinating him. Brutus felt that Caesar was a man that could change into a tyrannical ruler. To kill him would be for the greater good of Rome. However, their actions were not completely the same.

Nwoye did not kill anyone as Brutus had done. Nwoye. Essay Love is Beautiful in Julius Caesar. you do love me, I am nothing jealous; what you would work me to, I have some aim” (Brutus, Act I, Line 162, Scene II). Assignment! What Brutus is pretty much saying here is that these people do love me and they want me to rule. Cassuis bring up the plot to Speech written in verse, kill Caesar and then mentions a famous ancestor of Brutus to Dissertation de philo, win him over. Brutus sees that these people do not “love” him as well a lover. They love him as a would-be ruler. They want him to live up to his famous ancestry and once again defeat an written in verse, “evil” “By. Julius Caesar Cause and Write critical research Effect Essay. Dramatic Irony is when the Speech written readers know what something that the character does not know.

Dramatic Irony applies to this because readers know that the conspirators are plotting to kill Caesar while he is not aware that they are. Another warning sign that he should not go to Write research, the Senate meeting occurs on March 15 (Ides of March) right before the meeting. Calphurnia describes how she has had strange and frightful dreams of Caesar's stature pouring our blood while happy citizens of Rome bathe their. William Shakespeare#x27;s Julius Caesar Essay. He is a noble roman, and well given.” By Anthony defending Cassius character, it shows that they considered Cassius to be their close friend, and Caesar trusted Anthony a lot, to in verse, take his advice. It shows their extremely strong friendship. Shakespeare makes sure we see glimpses of courage in all the main characters and many of the minor ones. This is emphasized in Act 1, Scene 3, lines 57-9. “You are dull, Casca, and those sparks of life that should be in a.

William Shakespeare#x27;s Julius Caesar Essay. In saying this, Antony gets to the emotional side of the crowd. He is trying to make the critical paper crowd feel sorry for wanting Caesar dead, and is successful at doing so. Antony uses pathos in a number of different ways throughout his speech. Antony informs the plebeians that bloody treason flourish[es] over [them]. (3.2.193) This connotation along with the tone in which it is told creates a feeling of sadness, and written gave the audience a vision of the event. This growing emotion in the commoners (affected. The Assassination of homework, Julius Caesar by Marcus Brutus Essay examples. Brutus and held unwaveringly to Caesars rule (Plutarch, 2004), Brutus writes, “Caesar does not hinder me, nor will he hinder me, from Speech, doing according to the laws(Plutarch, 2004). Brutus and the other conspirators compelled in their beliefs that Caesar was unworthy of rule and did not hold the commonwealth’s interests and concerns (Plutarch, 2004). Help With Assignment Uk Engineering! In the account, “The Assassination of Julius Caesar” (44 BC) by Nicolaus of Damascus, The author portrays Caesar as a “selfish dictator”. Although.

Essay on Speech written in verse Character Motives in William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar. exposes some of the jealousy he has toward Caesar and his power. Cassius hopes that by killing Caesar, he will rise to power. In the end, readers see how his motivation to kill Caesar leads to his death. Though it may not seem like it at times, Brutus is the only conspirator with completely noble intentions and motives. Although he considers himself to Write critical research, be a good friend of Caesar, his love for Rome turns out to be greater than his loyalty to Caesar. In his monologue to the Roman people following. Julius Caesar the True Tragic Hero Essay. As the ides of March came along, Caesar marched toward the senate and in verse was confident that all of the predictions were false and that he truly was an immortal being, even going to the extent of mocking the soothsayer by saying: “The ides of du plan, March are come.”(Act 3, scene 1, line 1). He then approached the Speech in verse senate meeting his good friend and loyal companion Brutus and at that moment Julius Caesar’s Paripateia occurred when his “loyal followers” began stabbing Caesar to the death.

Despite the Someone an essay on edgar agony and. The Republic in Shakespeare?s Julius Caesar Essay. ideal that finds extensive portrayal in Shakespeare’s play Julius Caesar. Julius Caesar is immortal in the field of literature, with Shakespeare often hailed as the greatest playwright to have ever lived. Speech! The play, though it has many facets, can also be viewed through the lens of the on umbrella socio-political concept of classical republicanism, with the in verse events portraying its actual position and the ramifications for Dissertation de philo annonce civic life in general.

Julius Caesar is a valiant warrior who holds the position of dictator in. Cassius and Brutus die with their last words being concerned with Caesar “Caesar, thou art revenged”. In Verse! In turn, this further illustrates that the composers biased attitude is evident in Dissertation de philo, the play “Julius Caesar” as we are given multiple perceptions on the one personality. Therefore it is evident that even though different perspectives towards the personality are manifested, Shakespeare’s bias is still evident. Written In Verse! In the Essay play “Julius Caesar” individuals are driven by different ambitions and motivations. Essay on Brutus’ Love for written in verse Rome in Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar.

care for Caesar as well. Brutus believed that Caesar being king would cause more problems for the country. Brutus wanted the best for his country so he decided to eliminate the problem which was King Julius Caesar. Brutus explains to Lucius saying, “That at his will he may do danger with the abuse of greatness…“ (Act 1, Scene 3) Brutus felt as if Caesar would take the power of being king to his head which would cause issues for the people of Rome. In scene three of act one of “Julius Caesar, Brutus. Comparing Leadership In Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar and Someone to write poe quill Machiavelli’s The Prince. For example, Brutus expressed that he loves Caesar, but he will work hard for the general good (Shakespeare I –ii 94-95).

His reasoning comes from his sincerity for the people, as well as his noble title. By helping more people than himself, the written actions of a leader will greatly benefit the outcome in almost any situation. Accountability is very important when it comes to a higher-level position because it shows others that a person is willing to Dissertation, admit his mistakes. When a leader does present something. Julius Caesar Essay: Flawed Models of in verse, Leadership. moving oration at Caesar's funeral- Had you rather Caesar were living and die all slaves, than that Caesar were dead, to live all freemen? and Who is here so rude that would not be a Roman? If any speak; for critical research him have I offended. Who is Speech written in verse, here so vile that will not love his country? If any, speak; for him have I offended, reinforces this aspect of his leadership It is ironic, that towards the end, the absolutes that killed Caesar (absolute self-confidence and absolute power), are encompassed. Superstition In Shakespeares The Tragedy of Julius Caesar Essay. language of the supernatural prophesy running through the play, the characters either ignore it, or they construe the meanings ‘after their [own] fashion’” (Farrow).

This is exactly what Caesar does, because he really does want to go to the Senate that day. Another major event that is homework u get, foreshadowed in Julius Caesar is Speech in verse, Brutus’s death at Phillipi. Caesar’s ghost pays a visit to Brutus in order to tell him “. thou shalt see me at Phillipi” (382; act4, sc3). The reader knows Caesar’s ghost came for. Julius Caesar by the Orlando Shakespeare Theater Production Essay. having Ancient Romans speak of hats and doublets, or telling one another to count the chiming of the clock.

The inclusion of Essay writing on umbrella, these anachronistic elements was hardly accidental, however. Theatre reflects the Speech written in verse society in which it is crafted, and Julius Caesar, a play about the chaotic power vacuum left behind by the sudden death of a leader, was penned during the period just before the death of Elizabeth I, who had not yet named an heir. This style of uk engineering, social commentary is present in written in verse, all of Shakespeare’s. The Assassination of Juilius Caesar . Writing! In William Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. Marcus Antonius, a loyal supporter of Caesar, reminds the people, “When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept; Ambition should be made sterner stuff” (III. ii. 92-93). Antony wins back the in verse people’s favor for Caesar after his death and tells the people that they should not be praising Brutus because Caesar was a great man. Even when he is dead, Caesar helps the people through his will, that Antony presents, “Here is the will and Essay on umbrella under Caesar’s seal. To every Roman citizen he gives, To several. Brutus is not all Nobility and Caesar is not all Ambition in Shakespeare#x27;s Julius Caesar. Caesarism and the idea of absolute rule by a single king.

Caesar may have been a potential “snake in a shell”, but this claim was based upon what he assumed people “as his kind” would grow to become when they were climbing up the ladder of success. Brutus had no evidence of Caesar becoming a tyrant and Brutus’ decisions were made with no real evidence. Also, it is clear that Brutus is a poor judge of character, and that his assumption of Caesar may have been inaccurate. Brutus’ character is synonymous. Marcus Brutus as the Protagonist of William Shakespeare#x27;s Julius Caesar. likeness of Speech written in verse, Caesar in a dream, Caesar gives an de philo annonce du plan, ominous message implying to Brutus not to Speech written, go to Help assignment, Philipi. . . . thou shalt see me at Philipi. The ghost of Caesar, unimportant and unbelieved is written in verse, perceived as a day dream. Homework U Get! Brutus, not paying any attention to the dead and gone Caesar, does not listen. In this sense, Caesar does not make a strong enough impression upon other characters in the play to be taken seriously. In the battles between Antony and Brutus, Caesar is often.

Prophecy in Elizabethan Era and in Julius Caesar by Speech William Shakespeare. lines, Casca proves himself to be an exemplary foil to Caesar. He is cowardly where Caesar’s bravery is undying; he is critical research, cruel and selfish where Caesar is for written the good of the people. He is also, conveniently, the first of the Help uk engineering conspirators to stab Caesar. Shakespeare, in Speech written in verse, this event, creates a greater degree of sympathy for Caesar in critical research paper comment, his audience. Speech! A third character developed and utilized well as a result of prophecy would be Cassius.

Unlike Caesar and Casca, Cassius undergoes change that reveals itself. Essay The Common Man#x27;s Role In Shakespeare#x27;s Julius Caesar. Similarly, Caesar makes very few appearances even though his name is the title of the play. This shows that the play isn't really about him, but the proofreading events and people that surround him. The public are stupid, poor and ignorant. Speech In Verse! This is blatantly illustrated by Shakespeare in a few scenes, most memorably the funeral speech scene, Act 3 Scene 2 when they completely misunderstand Brutus' message of how totalitarianism is the wrong way to go. Let him be Caesar. Caesar's. The Character of Essay writing, Marcus Brutus in The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. 68-75). He said all the conspirators except Brutus killed Caesar out of envy.

Even when committing a crime so severe as murder, Brutus suggested to the conspirators that they should carve him (Caesar) as a dish for the gods (II. i. 172-173). Brutus' loyalty for in verse Rome is demonstrated when he says about proofreading, Caeasr, I know no personal cause to spurn at him, but for in verse the general (II. Critical Research Comment! i. 21-22). He was willing to kill Caesar, his friend, even though Caesar hadn't done anything wrong yet. Speech In Verse! Finally, Brutus was honorable. Many Tragic Heroes and Societal Issues Found in Julius Caesar. This `role-playing' can be seen in Lines 199 through 208, where Caesar refers to Cassius in Essay writing on umbrella, conversation with Marcus Antonius: Quite through the Deeds of Men. He loves no Plays, / As thou dost, Antony; he hears no music/ Seldom he smiles, and smiles in such a sort/ As if he mock'd himself, and scorn'd his Spirit/ That could be mov'd to smile at any thing. / Such men as he be never at Heart's Ease/ Whiles they behold a Greater than themselves, / And therefore are they very Dangerous. Act 2 Scene 1 Extended Response Julius Caesar. Essay.

Brutus thinks that as a monarch, Caesar may run to extremities and become excessive in his tyrannical rule. Brutus also thinks about the fact that when one climbs the “young ambition’s ladder. the climber up turns his face; …once he attains the uppermost round, the then unto the ladder turns his back … scorning the base degrees by written which he did ascend.” On the basis of this possibility, which would ruin the Republic, he must be killed. Brutus, and of course Shakespeare, uses the metaphor of a. Caesar was on the list of people to be exiled. Assignment Uk Engineering! Sulla probably went after Caesar because of his relation to Marius and Sulla, two of his enemies. Speech Written! Any offspring of that marriage would be considered a threat to proofreading marks, him. His family pleaded for his life and Speech written in verse he was spared, but stripped of his inheritance. In order to pacify the situation, Caesar left Rome and with assignment uk engineering joined the army. There he proved to be a courageous soldier and gained leadership skills and popularity. Speech Written! Before returning to Rome he went to Rhodes.

Caesar was one with his men, and even stood on the front line next to Someone to write an essay on edgar poe quill, them as he distributed orders. Caesar shared his victories with his troops and in return he received excessive amounts of Speech in verse, loyalty. Following his role as governor in Spain, Caesar formed a deal to rule with Pompey and to write on edgar Crassus; they then formed the First Triumvirate. The trio presented many laws to the public and Speech most of them were passed. After the First Triumvirate ended, Gaul was the next stop for Help with assignment uk engineering Caesar. He was going to begin.

In Act 3 Scene 2 of Shakespeare#x27;s Play Julius Caesar, Why Does Antony Succeed and Brutus Fail to Persuade the Speech in verse Crowd. works as a list to make it seem like there were many reasons for the assassination and he keeps reinforcing his opinions with repetition. Brutus also explained that he didn't hate Caesar, but that he loved Rome more. He says Not that I loved Caesar less, but I loved Rome more this shows it would have been hard to kill Caesar, as he loved him, but he is research paper, so sure it is right he had to killed him. At one point, they wanted to crown Brutus, who intended for everyone to be free. Brutus didn't use any emotion. To think that Caesar bears such rebel blood That will be thaw'd from the true quality 9. In his address to the mob in Speech written, the forum (Act III Scene 2, lines 12-44), Brutus speaks in prose, not blank verse. Help With Assignment! His words have been described as “a lecture”. a. Show from the speech that Brutus knows he enjoys the respect of Speech written, Roman citizens.

Then none have I offended. I have done no more to Caesar than you shall do to Brutus. you rather Caesar were living, and die all slaves, than Caesar were dead, to live all freemen?” With the use of a rhetorical question and repetition in his words, such as “valiant”, “honour” and “Caesar the ambitious”, Brutus is able to Do college homework, influence and manipulate the Speech written plebeians to de philo du plan, what he considers the correct viewpoint; “let Brutus be Caesar!” In sheer contrast, Antony uses sarcastic, derogatory terms against Brutus to allow the crowd to truly question Brutus’ ‘honour’ and Speech in verse ‘nobility.’ “Caesar was my friend. The Assassination of Julius Caesar Essay. ‘common people of Rome from with, as … ‘rabble’ ” (Parenti 3). Parenti believes that historian writers in the upper, educated, aristocratic class are the reasons why many pieces of literature portray Caesar as a power mad demagogue or as a person who never wanted power Historian either view the death of Caesar as justified, because he was a dictator and it would benefit the people of Speech written, Rome, or unjustified, because conspirators were trying to retain power These perspectives are from modern historians not. Julius Caesar - Manipulation Essay. which actually for a short time made him more powerful because now that Caesar is dead, the people see Brutus as the primary murderer. The plebeians are the number one target of manipulation in Someone to write an essay allan poe quill, this play and for good reason, they are easy to sway. Mark Antony notices this and during his speech at Speech written in verse Caesar’s funeral where he manipulates them to the point that they turn on the conspirators. He says “In every wound of Caesar that should move the stones of Rome to rise and mutiny,” (Act III Scene II.

Robbed of their individuality and paper denied a place within the social hierarchy. In Verse! (Cor. 1.1.62). Portrayed like a common herd (1.2.264), plebeians are moved to patience at the behest of Brutus as easily as they are moved to Mischief by the words of Antony (3.2.264, 253).In contrast to the noble Brutus (1.2.308), whose reasoned decision to join the conspirators is detailed in his soliloquies and annonce du plan his conversations with Cassius, the rabblement is in verse, shown to be incapable of individual thought. A Comparison of the Women in Julius Caesar Essay. of by her husband, does not know of her husband’s plan to kill Caesar. Brutus’s hesitation to confide in Portia proves that he still has doubts about the conspiracy. Still, he ignores those doubts though he ends up not telling Portia about the conspiracy.

As Portia is kept in the dark, Brutus also keeps his private life in the dark. Research Paper! Similarly, Calpurnia is shunned by her husband when he decides to go to Senate against her wishes. Caesar does give in for a while, but ultimately he chooses politics over. Julius Caesar - Analyses of Characters Essay. He despised Caesar and people like him. He believes in a truly democratic government for Rome whereas Caesar wanted one leader ? him. Speech! Cassius saw that Caesar was hungry for power and would not stop until he got it and Dissertation annonce du plan Cassius refused to let that happen. Speech Written! He is on edgar, very loyal to Rome and very determined. He saw that Caesar had his weaknesses and he took advantage of them and he will probably do the same with Mark Antony. He can see that Mark Antony is not being sincere when talking to Brutus and he can. Essay Julius Caesar (Superstisions Analysis) ego hides any pessimistic predictions for his future, and Speech in verse he pays little attention to Essay on umbrella, the warning.

There were many more signs, all pointing to the same fate, and Caesar did not listen, Alas, my dear, your wisdom is written in verse, consumed in confidence. Do not go forth today, (Shakespeare, pgs. 77-78) warns his wife on the day he was murdered. Caesar does not listen to her in the end. His murder was executed as forecasted, and if he had listened to Someone to write allan poe quill, all the warnings, he may have saved his own life. Caesar's stubbornness. A Multiple Choice Test on Julius Caesar Essay. reinterprets Calpurnia's dream to entice Caesar to go to the meeting. 13. What is ironic about the timing of Caesar's murder (in relation to the preceding events)? a. He is murdered just as he is written in verse, reading the warning from Portia. Someone To Write Allan Poe Quill! b. He is written, destroyed just after proclaiming his magnificence and indestructibility. c. U Get! It occurs just after a great storm and earthquake. d. Speech! Brutus has changed his mind, but is not able to Help, stop the others.

14. According to the play, Caesar was stabbed _______ times: a. Written In Verse! 300 c. Critical Paper Comment! 13. Essay about A Rhetorical Analysis of Julius Caesar. Brutus employs questions asked for effect, and consequently convinces the crowd that Caesar had potential for tyranny. Brutus effectively persuades the crowd because he provokes emotion by using commanding diction that plants images of persecution in the thoughts of the Speech written in verse Roman citizens. Brutus effectively persuades the crowd to support his cause, but fails to Dissertation de philo du plan, reach the crowd as personally as Antony because he speaks superiorly to written in verse, the crowd rather than a peer, as Antony does.

Near the end of his speech. Essay about Psychology in Someone to write an essay on edgar poe quill, Julius Caesar. Brutus and Speech written Cassius have a very complicated relationship. “[Cassius] loves Brutus, but he also manipulates Brutus. Nonetheless, Brutus's friendship is more important to him than anything else. To Write! Ultimately, it [becomes] even more important than victory and the republican cause… Cassius sacrificed the fate of Speech written, Rome three times for his friendship with Brutus” (Heller). Proofreading! Cassius’s willingness to manipulate Brutus makes Brutus seem like a weak character, but when he takes charge of the Speech in verse conspiracy and convinces.

Fate vs. Free Will in Julius Caesar Essay. standing in life. Write Research! This diligent effort to better himself led Caesar to comment such men as he are very dangerous (I. ii. 209-210). Written! Cassius' role in writing, the play was using his free will to overcome the fate that would come true, the fate that Caesar was one day going to become emperor. Speech! Because he was so driven by the desire to overcome this fate, he was able to conquer all obstacles that came his way, and accomplished his goal in killing Caesar. Towards the end of the Someone an essay on edgar allan poe quill play, however, Cassius states that. Significant Political Relationships of Julius Caesar Essay examples.

Pompey’s standing lent Caesar considerable prestige, Crassus served to substitute for in verse Caesar’s financial vulnerability. Another crucial element to Essay proofreading marks, building Caesar’s standing was forming a military repute. In Verse! Goldworthy notes that Caesar “needed military glory to rival Crassus, and especially Pompey”. In influencing Caesar’s pro-consulship in 58BC, the Triumvirate effectively granted Caesar command of an writing on umbrella, army and enabled him to establish a successful military career. However, as Caesar became increasingly. Essay about Julius Caesar: Speech Comparisson. right in front of them. Thirdly, Antony uses dramatics to further his point. On page 133 lines 117 to Speech written in verse, 118 a citizen remarks “Poor soul! his eyes are red as fire with weeping.”.

By crying in front of the crowd Antony is showing how much he cared for Caesar and how he was treated unjustly. He earns sympathy from the crowd, messing with their emotions to Essay, sway their opinion. Antony also uses false modesty in his speech. Speech In Verse! On page 139 lines 216 to 217 Antony says “I come not, friends, to steal away your. The Tragic Hero of Julius Caes Essay. that definitely must show something. Brutus killed Caesar for Help with assignment the people of Rome’s sake, not for his own. A true hero would think of other people before thinking of himself. In the play, we see Brutus feelings and written actions, more than Caesar’s.

Caesar dies halfway through the play, so he can not be the tragic hero if his character has not been developed yet. Another point is Help with, that if Brutus was not part Julius Caesar, the killing of Caesar most likely would never had happened, therefore.

Jan 27, 2018 Speech written in verse, buying essays online -

12 Incredible UX Designer Portfolio Sites. Design portfolios are fairly easy to written set up. You can build project grids or add visual case studies to showcase your work, and Someone on edgar, the quality is immediately visible. Speech Written? With UX design, it’s a little tougher because it’s often about the Essay marks process and the results on each project. To craft a great UX portfolio I recommend studying others to Speech written get ideas. This collection is by no means a complete collection of UX designer portfolio sites. But it’s an excellent place to start looking for ideas and studying how other UX designers present their work. Hanna’s portfolio site offers a minimalist style with a primary focus on the work. It uses plenty of visuals to Write research comment sell projects but it doesn’t feel like “just” a UX portfolio.

The header and tagline clarify exactly what Hanna does, and this is probably the best way to grab attention. If you’re designing a portfolio site for yourself always try to share what you do early, so visitors know what they’re looking at. Speech? Each project photo inside the grid links to Essay an internal page with more info. Speech Written In Verse? You can turn this into a detailed photo gallery, a quick synopsis, or even a detailed case study. But offering more info about each project on Dissertation de philo annonce du plan, a separate page is never a bad idea. With over 90 million high-quality, photos, vectors, and illustrations to choose from, Adobe Stock will help you find the perfect asset for your next project. Many people know Adham Dannaway#8217;s site because it’s been featured in Speech in verse galleries across the web. And for good reason! His homepage uses a brilliant graphic illustrating the type of annonce du plan work he does: both design and code. Written In Verse? There’s a significant overlap between UI designers and UX designers, so a lot of freelancers position themselves in this overlap.

It makes you more valuable to a client who may want to hire for both skills, or just one knowing both skills worth off each other. But the real reason Adham’s portfolio works so well is the internal structure of his portfolio project pages. Check out this one as an example. Notice how it reads in a linear fashion and helps sell the comment work done on that project. Definitely the Speech best choice for critical, anyone launching a UX portfolio site from written, scratch. Val Head is a well-known designer with a specialty in UI/UX animations along with interaction design. Her portfolio site is a testament to all the work she does. And you’ll notice the homepage doesn’t use a single image beyond her logo. The structure immediately grabs your attention whether it’s focused on with assignment, Val’s newsletter, her speaking engagements, or her recent blog articles. Speech Written? A fantastic design showing how you can sell your UX work without many visuals at all. Some designers don’t feel comfortable adding their personal photos onto de philo, their portfolio.

Others like it because it adds personality and gives visitors a chance to Speech in verse see who they are. Paul Lapkin uses a fullscreen header background portrait that immediately grabs attention. The heading text describes his work as a UI+UX designer along with further details underneath. This intro text is meant to grab your attention and leave you wanting more. The “view work” link is pretty clear, and if you can write copy that also grabs attention this style might work for you too. Nick Finck has a much more traditional website with a clear header, navigation, and footer area. Not all modern portfolios look like this but this layout works well and has for u get, years. Written? One thing I really like on the homepage is the header section with Nick’s photo. This includes two CTAs that encourage you to dig deeper into Nick’s work. A lot of his portfolio’s essence is in the writing and in proofreading his past project work for companies like Adobe and Google. Speech Written? This means it’s less about selling and more about Essay marks building connections with potential clients.

A while back I was browsing through portfolios and found Christina Richardson#8217;s site. Speech Written In Verse? This has always been a favorite of Essay mine for a few reasons. It naturally has a sense of personality, but it doesn’t feel too cluttered or heavily customized. The whole site runs as a single-page design so it’s super easy to Speech written navigate too. But I also really like the UX timeline feature since it’s a visual representation of work experience. This feels a lot more user-friendly than a boring resume, but it gets the same message across. Essay Writing On Umbrella? Very UX-y if I do say so myself. Speech? Split-page designs work well if you have the Write critical paper comment right photos. Ionut Zamfir follows this trend brilliantly in Speech in verse his UX design portfolio. Background images litter each section of the page and you’ll even find a slideshow featuring pics of his work.

It’s definitely a simple website, but sometimes that’s all you need. Essay Writing? Some visuals to help sell, information about the designer and a contact form. Other than photos you can also use contrast and colors to grab attention. That’s what you’ll find on Speech written in verse, Kevin Hoffman#8217;s site which also breaks the proofreading marks page up with horizontal block sections. Text is pretty easy to read and Speech written, it doesn’t follow any particular formula. Not to mention the colors don’t exactly match, but they also don’t clash either.

I’d call this an experimental portfolio layout, but it does serve its purpose. The portfolio site of Simon Pan is one of the best places for Someone an essay allan, case study layouts. You can learn so much just going through his portfolio and written in verse, reading through his case studies. With UX design it’s more about selling your knowledge through the Someone to write on edgar allan poe quill process. Clients want to know what you did on a project and how you solved problems for past clients. Simon’s copywriting is exquisite, and it helps sell his work well. This is one of the best skills you can pick up if you’re pushing towards a case study mentality. Speech Written In Verse? With a unique combination of minimalism and dynamic effects, this portfolio is certainly eye-catching. Adrian Zumbrunnen uses a dark + light color scheme that feels typical of many design portfolios. But he includes other elements like bold CTA buttons, links to video recordings of Essay his talks, and even an illustration of himself. Pretty unique!

Ramin Nasibov follows a typical grid layout that works well on visual designer’s portfolios. This site is real easy to browse and it works nicely on mobile too(along with other grid-style layouts!) One thing I would like to see on Ramin’s homepage is more info about himself. But he does so much work in the design space that it makes sense to focus solely on the work. If you’re trying to draw more attention to Speech written in verse your work instead of yourself I recommend a grid-style layout just like this. On Nishtha Mehrotra#8217;s site you’ll find a nice mix of Someone to write everything. It uses a custom hero header with animations, a visual portfolio grid, and written in verse, a clean contact section with an email and a phone number. The site feels incredibly professional, and de philo, it has been designed with the user in mind.

Single page portfolios are often better if you can fit everything you want to say onto one page. I also like the resume section which feels a lot easier to browse than a PDF doc. Overall a really clean site, and well worth studying if you’re going for the single-page portfolio look. Jake Rocheleau is a passionate web designer and social media entrepreneur. He is frequently researching the latest trends in digital design and Speech in verse, new-age Internet ideas. He's also an writing, advocate for the social media revolution - follow his updates on Twitter @jakerocheleau.

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Jan 27, 2018 Speech written in verse, buy essay online for cheap -

cleopatra vii essay This is an online version of an article first published in Sir Robert Cotton as Collector: Essays on an Early Stuart Courtier and His Legacy , edited by C. J. Wright. London: British Library Publications, 1997: 391-454. 'Their Present Miserable State of Cremation': the Restoration of the Cotton Library. The aged overseer paused. 'Well, I doubt if you'd even understand it. I don't.

He seems to have found a method for restoring missing words and phrases to some of the written, old fragments of Write critical research paper, original text in Speech in verse the Memorabilia. Perhaps the left-hand side of a half-burned book is legible, but the right-hand page is burned, with a few words missing at the end of Do college homework, each line. He's worked out a mathematical method for finding the missing words. It's not foolproof, but it works to some degree'. W.M.

Miller, Jr., A Canticle for Leibowitz. The October 1731 number of the newly-established Gentleman's Magazine included the written in verse, following notice in its reports of 'Casualties' for the month: 23 [Oct.]. A Fire broke out in Help assignment uk engineering the House of Mr Bently , adjoining to the King's School near Westminster Abbey , which burnt down that part of the House that contained the King's and Cottonian Libraries. Almost all the Speech written in verse, printed Books were consumed and part of the an essay allan, Manuscripts. Written In Verse. Amongst the latter, those which Dr Bentley had been collecting for his Greek Testament for these last ten years, valued at 2000 l.(2) This short note, tucked away between reports of the discovery of annonce du plan, a disfigured corpse near Bath and Speech an accidental shooting at Hackney, records what was perhaps the greatest bibliographical disaster of modern times in Britain. It is difficult to quantify the scale of the with uk engineering, losses to the Cotton library as a result of the fire at Bentley's residence, Ashburnham House.

A number of letters preserve colourful anecdotes about the fire, such as the famous story of Speech in verse, Dr Bentley escaping from the flames in nightgown and wig with Codex Alexandrinus under his arms,(3) but the most detailed source of information about the fire and the damage inflicted by it is a report by a parliamentary committee established to investigate the incident, which was published in 1732.(4) This contained two valuable appendices. The first was 'A Narrative of the Fire. and of the Methods used for preserving and Essay recovering the Manuscripts of the Royal and Cottonian libraries',(5) compiled by the Reverend William Whiston the Speech written in verse, younger, the clerk in charge of the records kept in the Chapter House at Westminster, another notorious firetrap.(6) The second was a list of lost and damaged manuscripts, prepared by David Casley, the deputy librarian of both the Dissertation de philo du plan, Royal and Cotton libraries, with the written, assistance of Whiston. (7) Casley's list was afterwards reprinted in summary form, with a few amendments, in his 1734 catalogue of the u get, Royal Library.(8) Whiston stated that the Cotton library contained before the fire 958 manuscript volumes, of which 114 were 'lost, burnt or intirely spoiled' and another 98 so damaged as to be defective.(9) These figures have invariably been cited in accounts of the Cotton fire. They are, however, misleading. In one sense, they overstate the amount of damage.

Many of the manuscripts reported as lost by Whiston and Casley were in fact preserved as fragments or 'burnt lumps' which were beyond the in verse, reach of Someone to write an essay on edgar allan poe quill, eighteenth-century conservation technology but were successfully restored during the nineteenth century.(10) Consequently, the majority of written, manuscripts reported as lost in 1732 are available for consultation today. In fact, only thirteen manuscripts were utterly destroyed in the Cotton fire, mostly from the Otho press.(11) Although relatively few complete volumes were destroyed, many manuscripts lost important articles or survive only as charred fragments. In this sense, the details given by critical research comment, Whiston and Casley underestimate the damage. In particular, many of the manuscripts said by Casley to have survived the fire intact actually suffered serious damage. One of the most famous victims of the fire was the manuscript containing the unique exemplar of Beowulf , Vitellius A. Speech Written. XV.(12) The edges of this manuscript were badly scorched and the vellum left very brittle. Its subsequent handling caused serious textual loss.

This manuscript is not, however, included in Casley's list of those damaged in the fire. Someone An Essay. Tiberius A. III is Speech written, a composite volume containing various eleventh-century items mostly of Canterbury origin, including St Æthelwold's translation of the Rule of St Benedict, works by Ælfric and one of the two surviving copies of the Regularis Concordia , prefaced by a famous drawing of King Edgar with St Dunstan and Someone poe quill St Æthelwold.(13) This volume was also said by Casley to have survived the fire unharmed, but again there was damage to in verse, the edges of the folios and the water used to put out the fire caused staining. The drawing of King Edgar had become warped and buckled. In the absence of any meaningful statistics, the best way of conveying the catastrophic nature of the losses in the Ashburnham House fire is by a random roll call of some of the victims.(14) Cotton's pride and joy, the fifth-century Greek Genesis (Otho B. VI), one of the earliest illustrated Christian manuscripts in existence, was reduced to a pile of cinder-like fragments.(15) Cotton possessed two of the Help with assignment, four surviving letters patent of King John recording the grant of Magna Carta. One of these, now Cotton Charter XIII.

31a, was the only one with the written in verse, Great Seal still attached. With Uk Engineering. In the written in verse, heat, not only was the text damaged but the seal was left as a shapeless blob.(16) The bull confirming the title 'Defender of the Someone allan poe quill, Faith' on Henry VIII (now Vitellius B. IV*) was reduced to half a dozen greatly shrunken and distorted fragments. Written. Otho A. XII contained unique exemplars of two key texts for the Anglo-Saxon period, Asser's Life of Alfred and The Battle of critical, Maldon , together with other Old English material.(17) Although 40 folios of the original 155 were eventually recovered, both Asser and Maldon perished completely. Among the chronicle texts which were lost or very badly damaged were the written, earliest manuscript of Gildas (Vitellius A. VI),(18) the 'G' manuscript of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in Otho B. Essay On Umbrella. XI,(19) and the only extant manuscript of in verse, Æthelweard's chronicle (Otho A. X).(20) Cartularies from such houses as Lenton (Otho B. XIV),(21) St Albans (Otho D. To Write On Edgar. III) and Speech St Augustine, Canterbury (Otho B. XV), were also lost or very badly damaged, as well as such historical texts as the earliest copy of the Burghal Hidage, part of Otho B. XI.(22) Among the illuminated manuscripts ruined in the fire might be singled out Dissertation annonce du plan, a portion of an early eighth-century gospel book from Northumbria, Otho C. V, if only because another fragment of this manuscript survives intact in Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 197B, and shows that it was an insular gospel-book from the greatest period of in verse, Northumbrian illumination.(23) These are mostly medieval examples. The devastation caused to Cotton's early modern historical collections was probably as great, but has been less thoroughly documented. To Write An Essay Allan Poe Quill. It is a measure of the richness of Cotton's library that, despite such losses, it still remains an incomparable source for the history, literature and art of medieval and Tudor England. On the morning after the fire, Little Dean's Yard in Westminster must have been a sad sight. Speech. Ashburnham House was a smouldering ruin. The ground was littered with fragments of burnt manuscripts, which the Dissertation annonce, boys of Westminster School picked up and kept as souvenirs.(24) As the manuscripts had been rescued from the flames, they had been taken to various rooms in Westminster School. When the fire had finally been put out, they were assembled in the great boarding house of the written, school, opposite Ashburnham House. Two days later, they were transferred to a recently completed building intended as a new dormitory for Do college homework the school.(25) These operations were supervised by the Speaker, Arthur Onslow, a Cotton trustee, who on hearing of the fire had rushed from written in verse his house nearby to help save the manuscripts.

Onslow summoned together a group of experts, including not only Bentley and Casley, but also keepers of such other record repositories as the Chapter House at Westminster, the Tower of London and the Exchequer, to consider how the damaged manuscripts could be conserved.(26) The deliberations of this group and the work subsequently undertaken were recorded by William Whiston in his appendix to the 1732 parliamentary report.(27) Although Whiston's report is well known, little notice has been taken in descriptions of individual Cotton Manuscripts of the assignment uk engineering, impact of the emergency conservation work undertaken immediately after the fire, when a number of manuscripts were broken up and rebound. It seems likely that, in the process, leaves were not reassembled in in verse the correct order and the collation of some volumes permanently disrupted. This important stage in allan poe quill the codicological history of many Cotton Manuscripts has been generally overlooked. It is written in verse, therefore worth describing in some detail the procedures adopted by Whiston and his colleagues. It is difficult nowadays, looking at the collection after more than two hundred years of conservation work, to imagine the proofreading marks, scale of the problem confronting Speaker Onslow's panel of experts. In Verse. The picture which comes to writing on umbrella, mind is of a huge collection of loose charred fragments, but the pattern of damage caused by Speech written in verse, the fire and 'engine-water' was more complex.(28) The vellum manuscripts had frequently stayed together as a single unit, but had warped and shrunk in the heat, each codex rolling up into a misshappen ball. Animal fat had been drawn out from the vellum by the heat and then congealed, turning the Do college, manuscript into a glutinous mass, blackened around the edges. As it cooled, the manuscript became very brittle.

One Royal manuscript burnt in written the fire, deliberately left unconserved, preserves some idea of the appearance of these extraordinary objects.(29) It looks like an irradiated armadillo. Moreover, as is still the case with library fires, the water used to extinguish the blaze had caused as much damage as the flames.(30) The paper manuscripts in particular were sodden and urgently needed drying, as there was a risk of homework u get, mould.(31) Initial conservation work began on 1 November 1731, just over a week after the fire.(32) The stained and damp paper manuscripts, mostly sixteenth-century State Papers, were disbound, and a bookbinder employed to written in verse, clean the leaves and wash them in an alum solution. Annonce. A number of presumably unskilled assistants were hired to turn over the leaves to prevent the formation of mould. The leaves were hung on lines to dry and afterwards bound up again. Speech. It was found that the wet vellum manuscripts could be satisfactorily dried by leaving them open on the floor and regularly turning the Dissertation, leaves.

The worst affected were dried in front of a fire. A few vellum manuscripts were disbound and the folios hung up on lines in groups of two or three to dry. Unfortunately, Whiston does not specify which manuscripts were treated in this way. The rescue team next tackled those manuscripts which had suffered more from fire and Speech in verse heat than water. Where possible, the burnt vellum manuscripts were opened up leaf by leaf and 'the glutinous Matter, that had been forced out upon the Edges of the Vellum and Parchment by the Heat of the Fire, was carefully taken off by proofreading marks, the Fingers. '.(33) Despite Whiston's claim that, except for a few of minor value, all the damaged vellum manuscripts had been treated in this way, it seems that little progress was made.

Later descriptions of the collection all confirm that the burnt vellum manuscripts were in a particularly bad condition.(34) In any case, the treatment described by Speech in verse, Whiston would hardly have left these manuscripts in a fit condition for use. The burnt paper manuscripts were an easier proposition. The individual leaves were washed, cleaned and annonce du plan hung up to dry. Afterwards, the leaves were 'several Times looked over; and the Pieces, that were Parts of the same Book, were laid together, as much as could be found.'(35) Whiston stated that, from the surviving paper fragments, 'several large Portions of Books, and some entire Books have been made up out of them'.(36) Whiston does not identify these eighteenth-century reconstructions of Cotton Manuscripts. Speech Written. He urged that, when a volume had been recovered in this way, 'each Book or Portion of Book, so collected together, should be carefully collated, and the Leaves placed, as near as possible, in the same Order, that they were in before the Fire'.(37) Despite these efforts, a large number of 'single Leaves, or Pieces of proofreading, Leaves' remained unidentified, and were put into Speech, drawers. These included many fragments of burnt vellum manuscripts and indeed the more intractable 'burnt lumps' of vellum. Whiston proposed that these fragments be arranged 'into Covers or Drawers, according to the respective Subjects they treat of, that so the de philo annonce du plan, least Fragment may not be lost'.(38) It does not seem that this far-sighted proposal was implemented. The initial rescue work was conducted at enormous speed. It had been largely completed by the time Whiston submitted his report on 20 January 1732, within three months of the fire.

Inevitably there must be doubts about the accuracy of written in verse, work undertaken with great haste, partly by unskilled assistants, in primitive conditions and without the aid of paper comment, modern bibliographical tools. Written In Verse. Later workers on the collection commented that it had suffered 'by the carelessness of those that have been the Help with uk engineering, first employed in written in verse preserving them'.(39) Whiston does not specify how individual manuscripts were treated, but the general figures he provides indicate that about a third of the Essay writing on umbrella, volumes in the collection were subjected to Speech written, this rough and ready conservation work.(40) The labours of Whiston and an essay allan his colleagues already place a very great gulf between the Speech written, modern user of the Do college homework u get, Cotton library and the library as it existed before the in verse, fire. Write. In discussing the collation of written, any Cotton manuscript which shows signs of severe damage from damp, it is worth remembering that in 1731 the manuscript may have been taken apart and the leaves hung up on washing lines by an illiterate artisan. Homework. Whiston and his fellow workers stand as the first of a series of intermediaries between the modern scholar and the original Cotton library. They inaugurated a process of conservation work on the collection which has continued intermittently to the present day. In Verse. Just as the story of the Cotton collection to 1731 was one of growth and development, so its history since then has been one of successive attempts to restore the collection to its pre-fire state.

Historical and literary scholars have throughout this time given manuscript evidence an increasingly elevated status. For many, the original manuscript has served as a touchstone, a firm fixed point to which scholars can return when they are buffeted by the cross-currents of intellectual debate. In the case of the Cotton collection, however, the manuscripts themselves have undergone a process of evolution and change as successive curators have sought to restore them to their original state. In a number of cases, a particular manuscript is little more than an intelligent reconstruction of the original, comparable to, and just as open to doubt and challenge as, say, an archaeological reconstruction.(41) Whiston's concern that each manuscript fragment from the Cotton library should be carefully preserved was echoed in more elevated language by the Reverend Thomas Fitzgerald, the Usher of Westminster School, in his lines Upon the Burning of the Cottonian Manuscripts at Ashburnham House .(42) Fitzgerald reflects on how these 'learned Spoils of twice a thousand years' had survived Goths, Vandals and, even more dangerous in Fitzgerald's view, 'reforming Zeal', only to perish in a fire. In the Essay writing, climax of the poem, Fitzgerald called for each fragment to written in verse, be treated as if it was a holy relic: Whate'er the Fury of the Flames has spar'd. With zealous Care, with awful Rev'rence guard . Each Code, each Volume, ev'ry Fragment Prize: As Rome her Relicks sav'd from Times of Old: With Gems profusely decks, and Do college shrines in Gold; Tho' none like these, with all her Pomp and Cost, Or Rome, or all her Vatican can boast. Despite these poetic injunctions, nothing was done for the further preservation of the written in verse, Cotton library following the publication of the parliamentary report in 1732. Writing On Umbrella. The manuscripts languished in their temporary accommodation in Westminster School for another twenty years.

During this time, the building where the library was stored became known as the 'Old Dormitory' and Casley, the Library's custodian, became senile. In Verse. The only immediate effect of the catastrophe at Help with assignment Ashburnham House appears to have been to encourage the first moves in 1751 for the publication of Domesday Book, then kept in the Westminster Chapter House and also at great risk from fire.(43) In 1743, Major Arthur Edwards, a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries and enthusiastic amateur archaeologist,(44) left seven thousand pounds 'to erect a house in which to in verse, preserve the Cotton Library, or should such a house have meantime been provided, to purchase manuscripts, books of de philo annonce du plan, antiquities, ancient coins, medals and other curiosities to come to the Library'.(45) Edwards's bequest was, however, subject to a life interest and did not become available until 1769.(46) Edwards also left his books and pictures as additions to the library.(47) It was through the intervention of another Edwards, Vigerus Edwards, that the collections of the record scholar and historian of the Exchequer Thomas Madox were deposited with the Cotton library.(48) The Edwards and Madox deposits represent perhaps the last vestiges of the idea that the Cotton library might form the nucleus of a national historical archive.(49) The future of the Cotton library was finally secured in 1753 by written, the establishment of the British Museum as a result of Sir Hans Sloane's bequest. With other manuscript collections in national ownership it was transferred to the custody of the Trustees of the new Museum.(50) One of an essay poe quill, their first actions was to inspect the collections placed in their charge. On 2 February 1754 a committee of the Trustees visited the Old Dormitory to examine the Cotton Library.(51) They found that Casley was by now 'disabled by age and written in verse infirmity from critical comment executing the duty of his post in his own person' and Speech his responsibilities were discharged by his wife, who showed the writing on umbrella, library to visitors.

It was presumably at about this time that Mrs Casley gave a visitor to in verse, the library a handful of burnt fragments as a souvenir.(52) Casley was also assisted by Richard Widmore, the Keeper of the library of Westminster Abbey, who undertook detailed work on the charters, probably the most confused part of the Write critical research comment, collection. Despite the decrepit condition of the librarian, the committee seemed satisfied with what it found. They declared that the Old Dormitory 'though it has not the advantage of so much light, as would be proper for Speech in verse a library. is Someone to write on edgar, dry and secured from the Speech, weather. The MSS. as well as the de philo du plan, books [presumably Major Edwards's legacy together with the remnants of Cotton's own printed books] appear to have sustained no injury from damp since the depositing them there, but they are in general so dusty that a speedy care of them is necessary in that respect'. Written In Verse. Indeed, the committee felt that the Old Dormitory would provide suitable temporary accommodation for the Harley Manuscripts, 'if a proper person were appointed for the custody and care of that collection'. The transfer of the Harley Manuscripts to the Old Dormitory proved unnecessary since the Trustees shortly afterwards purchased Montagu House in Great Russell Street to accommodate the new Museum. The work necessary to prepare Montagu House to receive the Museum's collections proved protracted, and it was not until 1756, immediately before the removal of the marks, Cotton collection to Great Russell Street, that a more systematic examination was made of the Cotton library. In July 1756, two Museum officers, Matthew Maty, the Speech in verse, first Keeper of Printed Books and from 1772 to 1776 Principal Librarian, and Henry Rimius, submitted two reports on the Cotton collection to the Trustees. The first was printed in Do college homework u get an abridged form in Samuel Hooper's 1777 catalogue of the Speech in verse, collection,(53) but the second has never been printed.(54) Maty and Rimius checked the collection against Smith's 1696 catalogue and Casley's list of manuscripts damaged in the fire, counting the volumes and comparing the contents of a sample from each press against the catalogue entries.

They declared that the manuscripts in ten of the presses (Julius, Augustus, Claudius, Nero, Vespasian, Titus, Domitian, Cleopatra, Faustina and the Appendix) 'have suffered nothing by the fire, and have been found to agree with Mr Smith's catalogue. Yet several of these being placed in presses much exposed to dampness in a cold and shady place, could hardly notwithstanding Mr Widmore's endeavours (which he has assured us have been very assiduous) be preserved from Do college homework u get must and mouldiness and will want to written in verse, be aired and carefully dried up before they are placed in homework the Museum'. The condition of the manuscripts in written in verse the presses more badly affected by the fire (Tiberius, Caligula, Galba, Otho and Vitellius) caused Maty and Rimius more concern. They declared that they 'could not find some of the articles specified by Mr Casley'. Some manuscripts which Casley reported as not badly damaged had indeed disappeared into the general stock of loose fragments, and did not resurface until the mid-nineteenth century. For example, Maty and Rimius were unable to find Tiberius D. VI, a cartulary of Christchurch Priory, Hampshire, described in 1732 as a 'bundle of loose shrivell'd leaves' but otherwise largely intact. This was not rediscovered until 1837, when Sir Frederic Madden found it among unsorted loose fragments from the collection.(55) On the other hand, they identified some manuscripts which Casley had been unable to trace, stating that 'several of those which he [Casley] declares to be entirely destroyed, may still be of some use in Dissertation annonce careful hands'.

These discrepancies were worrying enough, but an even greater cause for concern were the environmental conditions of some of the presses, particularly the Vitellius press. 'Besides the damage done by the fire to the manuscripts in this press', Maty and Speech Rimius reported, 'it has suffered no less by the carelessness of those that have been the Essay writing, first employed in preserving them, as well as by the extraordinary moistness of the place. In Verse. The great humidity, together with the extension of that hue, which the fire extracted from the volumes wrote on vellum, having rolled the edges of most of them, defaced the marks [presumably the pressmarks] and afforded both lodging and food to numberless shoals of Essay writing, worms and Speech other insects.' The second report dealt with the Essay proofreading, surviving 'charters, curiosities co.' in the last press of the Cottonian cabinet. Maty and Rimius complained that 'The charters, warrants, deeds and Speech other records contained in homework the last press of the Cottonian cabinet might have been examined with more ease and in less time had we found them disposed in any order, properly endorsed, or at least regularly numbered and written in verse sufficiently described'. This necessitated an examination of each item and a preliminary numeration of every one 'by which they could more easily be found out'. They were assisted in this by a draft catalogue prepared by Widmore.(56) The unnamed press containing the charters was divided into two parts. Sixteen drawers in Write critical research paper comment the top section and Speech in verse seven in the lower were stuffed with paper and parchment including several 'entirely relative to the Cotton family' which Maty and Do college Rimius felt were 'of little use to the public'. Speech Written. There were, nevertheless, several 'capital pieces', including the an essay allan poe quill, burnt Magna Carta.

This, they reported, was 'still very legible, and would be much more so had anything been done to repair the damages done by this dreadful accident'. It was placed by itself 'in a separate drawer, viz. no. 16 at written in verse the bottom'. This press also contained a further three or four drawers filled with antiquities and 'other trinkets neither remarkable for their rareness or workmanship'. The most interesting part of this second report is, however, the statement that some charters had been lost 'amidst the with, rubbish of bits of parchment or of paper, scorched by the fire, or consumed by old age, which Mr Widmore thought too much destroyed to be either used or described'.

These were the in verse, fragments which Whiston and his colleagues had been unable to writing, place in 1731, and had put to one side. They had been preserved as Whiston proposed, but not in the systematic way he envisaged. Indeed, as has been noted, some of the manuscripts successfully identified in 1731, such as the Christchurch Cartulary, had been stuffed away with the fragments. Widmore apparently thought the fragments should be disposed of, but Maty and Rimius wisely urged 'a more particular examination' before any further action, 'as it is not impossible but some things may still be retrieved'. The Cotton Manuscripts were removed to the Museum in the first half of 1757.(57) Unlike the Sloane or Harley Manuscripts which were shelved according to Speech, subject classifications, they were arranged on shelves there by the existing 'emperor' pressmark system.(58) The Museum officers were unhappy about this arrangement, which they regarded as inelegant and Someone to write on edgar allan unscientific. On 12 July 1757 it was reported to the Trustees that 'The Cottonian Library has been removed into the new wired presses, in the same order in which the manuscripts stood in the old; without regard to the intermixture of tall and short books, which necessarily is thus made upon the same shelf'. Speech Written. It was suggested it would be better to 'range them all anew'.

The Trustees nevertheless resolved that the Essay writing on umbrella, manuscripts should 'for the present continue in in verse the order they now stand'.(59) As for the burnt manuscripts, it was reported that those 'which have been ascertained by the Catalogue, stand likewise in their order', suggesting that most of the items noted as usable by Casley were put in their appropriate places in the emperor sequence.(60) The 'other crusts and Do college homework u get loose leaves' were however kept in the old presses, presumably the drawers formerly containing the charters which had been brought to the Museum. It was recommended that the Standing Committee should be empowered 'to imploy fit persons, if any such can be found, to restore those that are least damaged, as far as they are capable of it; and to remove those that shall be judged totally irrecoverable, into close presses to be kept by themselves'. Written In Verse. Approving this proposal, the Trustees ordered that any material found to be beyond repair 'be for the present placed in the closet of the room where the Harleian Carts. now stand'.(61) The loose Cotton fragments remained associated with the Harley Charters and in 1775 the to write allan poe quill, Trustees ordered that these latter 'be removed in their presses as they now stand into one of the Speech in verse, front garrets'. The fragments remained with these charters in Garret no. Help Assignment. 8, which became known as the charter garret.(62) In July 1757, a Mr Mores, perhaps the typographical historian Edward Rowe Mores, wrote to the Principal Librarian claiming to have developed a method of restoring the leaves of vellum books damaged by fire. Mores was authorized to examine the damaged Cotton Manuscripts, but nothing came of his overtures.(63) In February 1758, Maty showed the Standing Committee a specimen of some loose sheets of fire damaged parchment restored by in verse, Mr Padeloup, a French bookbinder.(64) Impressed, the committee ordered the Keeper of to write on edgar allan, Manuscripts, Charles Morton, to give Padeloup one of the burnt Cotton Manuscripts. A month later Padeloup returned the manuscript duly repaired. His work was judged satisfactory, but the price he proposed, three shillings for every dozen sheets, was considered prohibitive and written in verse the project suspended.(65) Thus matters were left for another forty years. The fragments lingered with the Harleian charters in Room I on the Upper Floor of Montagu House.

It might be imagined that, now the burnt fragments were safely in the Museum, they were at least secure, but this was not the case, as can be seen from the sorry tale of the Cotton Genesis.(66) Casley reported that, after the fire, 'Of this valuable Monument of Antiquity, about 60 pieces of Leaves remain'. In 1743, George Vertue had borrowed some to make watercolour drawings of them to be shown at the Society of Antiquaries. Engravings of these drawings were published in Help with assignment uk engineering Vetusta Monumenta in 1747. In Verse. These fragments then disappeared from sight. In 1778 Henry Owen, who had collated the manuscript before the fire, stated that the fragments of the Dissertation de philo du plan, Genesis preserved from the fire had been lost.(67) At the written in verse, end of the eighteenth century, Joseph Planta could only find eighteen, none of which were among those copied by Vertue.

In fact, the loss was due (at least in writing part) to a Museum officer, Andrew Gifford, the first Assistant Keeper of the Department of Manuscripts.(68) On his death in 1784, Gifford, a Baptist minister, left his collections to the Bristol Baptist College. It seems that, before he died, Gifford had been using four of the fragments from the Cotton Genesis copied by Vertue. When his manuscripts and books were collected from the Museum, these fragments were inadvertently taken with them to Bristol. There they remained, unidentified and forgotten. In Verse. In a 1795 catalogue of the Bristol library they were described as 'some pieces of an old copy of the Septuagint said to have been found in Help assignment the ruins of the city of Herculaneum'. They were only finally reidentified in 1834 by Frederic Gotch, who wrote to Speech written, Hartwell Horne, an Under-Librarian at proofreading marks the Museum, pointing out their survival. In Verse. Horne amended a footnote in one of his publications referring to the Cotton Genesis, but the Museum authorities took no further action.(69) Gotch's discoveries remained virtually unknown until 1881 when he published a transcription of the Bristol fragments as a supplement to Tischendorf's edition of the text of the fragments left in du plan the Museum.(70) Five other fragments used by Vertue have never been traced.(71) In his diary for 13 March 1856,(72) the redoubtable Keeper of Manuscripts Sir Frederic Madden speculated that the Speech in verse, lost fragments might also have been taken to Bristol with Gifford's books. Essay Proofreading. However, they have never been identified there.

More likely they were just thrown away when Gifford's belongings were disposed of. Written. In 1928, the Dissertation du plan, Bristol fragments were deposited on loan at the Museum, which finally reacquired them in 1962, nearly two hundred years after they had originally left the Speech in verse, building.(73) In 1792, Thomas Astle, Keeper of Records at Essay writing on umbrella the Tower of London, urged the Trustees to authorize the compilation of a new catalogue of the Speech, Cotton library.(74) Users of the Cotton collection were at this time still chiefly reliant on Smith's 1696 catalogue. To establish if a manuscript had survived the fire, they had to cross-refer to Casley's 1732 list. Essay Proofreading Marks. In 1777 Samuel Hooper had produced a subject catalogue of the written in verse, Cotton collection,(75) but, although he published the corrections of Maty and Rimius to Casley's schedule of damaged manuscripts,(76) his work was of limited assistance to readers grappling with Smith and Casley. Accordingly, the Standing Committee of the Trustees ordered the Keeper of Manuscripts, Joseph Planta, to investigate the matter. In his report, dated 14 December 1793,(77) Planta declared that most of the volumes contained a great number of articles 'bound up with very little attention to Someone an essay on edgar allan poe quill, any arrangement either as to authors, matter or date'. Speech Written. This was particularly a problem with the State Papers which, according to Planta, were collected according to countries but otherwise not arranged in any order.(78) He considered Smith's catalogue wholly deficient, both in its arrangement and in the lack of detailed descriptions of individual State Papers.

In Planta's view, a new catalogue was certainly required, preferably one following a subject classification. This would also provide an opportunity of rearranging the collection 'in a classical order, which no doubt ought always to have the preference'. Alternatively, the new catalogue should have a detailed index. Luckily, the Trustees were unwilling to see the collection rearranged. Nevertheless, they accepted the need for a replacement for Smith, and comment instructed Planta to restore all those manuscripts capable of repair and prepare a new catalogue.(79) The descriptive section of the catalogue was completed by November 1796.(80) The index was compiled between 1796 and 1802,(81) and the whole catalogue finally published by the Record Commission in 1802.(82) The section of the published preface describing the procedures adopted by Speech, Planta in conserving and paper comment cataloguing the manuscripts is copied almost word for word from a report submitted to the Trustees by him on 4 November 1796.(83) In this report, Planta gives a detailed account of the second phase of major restoration work on the Cotton collection. Planta states that 861 volumes had been brought to the Museum, of which 105 were damaged bundles in written in verse cases.(84) This indicates that he concentrated on to write on edgar allan those burnt manuscripts whose identity was readily ascertainable and which had been placed on their arrival in the Museum in the main emperor sequence. He did not attempt to tackle the mass of burnt fragments stored with the Harley Charters. The first problem which confronted him was that the damaged manuscripts in Speech written cases frequently consisted of loose unnumbered sheets or quires. The order of these sheets -- already disrupted as a result of the fire and the hasty rescue work in Essay proofreading marks 1731 -- had been further confused by their use in Speech written in verse the Reading Room. Planta complained that readers had thrown the manuscripts 'into great, and in many instances, irretrievable confusion'. Essay. Consequently, his 'first care on entering on my task, was to cause all the volumes to be regularly paged, or at least the old paging to be regularly ascertained'.

This ink foliation can still be seen on Speech written many of the Do college homework u get, manuscripts.(85) The foliations are in a variety of different hands, and were probably made for Planta by various attendants in the Department.(86) Damage to the manuscript margins made it difficult to position the numbers and occasionally the foliators were forced to Speech written in verse, write them in the middle of the Essay proofreading, page.(87) Ink foliation notes are given at the end of the written in verse, volumes, using the characteristic early Museum formula 'Constat fol.' Planta then 'proceeded to examine the bundles in cases, and found means, after many repeated and not a few unsuccessful attempts, to Dissertation du plan, arrange several volumes and parts of volumes of State Papers. Written In Verse. Some of the shrivelled MSS. on vellum I likewise found capable of Dissertation du plan, being restored, though not without great care and dexterity on the part of the bookbinder'. In his original report he identifies the binder as C. Elliot, the Museum binder from 1773 to 1815. By these means, fifty-one of the manuscripts kept in cases were restored and bound up as forty-four volumes. The remaining sixty-one bundles Planta considered 'irretrievable', but dismissed most of them as 'obscure tracts and fragments of little importance'. Planta's report gives an unduly rosy picture of the condition of the Cotton collection at the conclusion of his work. Little progress had been made with the written in verse, damaged vellum manuscripts.(88) A number of u get, important manuscripts were left as loose sheets in cases, including, for example, one of the earliest manuscripts of Bede (Tiberius A. Written In Verse. XIV). These loose fragments may perhaps have been sheets which Planta and Elliot had managed to 'restore' by separating and to some extent flattening them. Many other manuscripts were left simply as 'crusts' in cases.

Far from being 'obscure tracts and Essay on umbrella fragments of little importance', they included cartularies of St Albans (Tiberius E. VI, Otho D. III), St James, Northampton (Tiberius E. V), the Annals of Dunstable (Tiberius A. X), and the eleventh-century Vitellius Psalter (Vitellius E. XVIII). Planta's caution arose from a concern that repairing and binding these damaged manuscripts might make matters worse. This is borne out by comments by two later Keepers of Manuscripts. In Verse. In 1825 Sir Henry Ellis noted that fragments of proofreading marks, Cotton Manuscripts had been 'placed in pasteboard cases because it was impossible to bind them without losing more than they had already lost of their respective texts'.(89) Similarly, in 1835 Josiah Forshall reminded a parliamentary Select Committee investigating the Museum that 'In many cases there is a great risk of doing more injury by any attempt to repair a manuscript that has been damaged by the fire than if it is left in its damaged state'.(90) Like his predecessors in 1731, Planta concentrated on the paper manuscripts.

Even here restoration was not as comprehensive as his report might suggest. Such important paper manuscripts as the autograph manuscript of Buck's History of Richard III (Tiberius E. X), a volume of Joscelin's collections (Vitellius D. VII) and a valuable sixteenth-century copy of the Russian Primary Chronicle (Vitellius F. X)(91) were left as loose sheets in cases, as were some volumes of the written in verse, early State Papers such as Caligula D. Write Paper Comment. IV, V, X and XI.(92) Planta's success in identifying and reconstituting the paper manuscripts is difficult to establish. Speech Written. In some cases, he found fewer leaves from the manuscript than were reported as surviving in Someone to write on edgar poe quill 1732. In others, he states that the number of folios in the manuscript was greater than that reported not only in 1732, but even in Smith's 1696 catalogue.(93) These discrepancies may be partly due to the rearrangement of papers, but may also suggest that Planta's methods for identifying loose papers and reuniting them with their parent volumes were less rigorous than might be hoped. The major defect of Planta's restoration work, however, was his failure to written, tackle any of the burnt fragments stored separately with the Harley Charters. Large portions of many of the numerous manuscripts marked 'deest' or 'desideratur' by him were in fact sitting in a room not far from his study. To Write On Edgar Allan. Nowhere in the catalogue is the existence of this material even hinted at. Planta's complacent account of the state of the collection at written in verse the completion of his catalogue is Essay, therefore seriously misleading. It could even be argued that in in verse some ways Planta's work made matters worse. The false impression his catalogue gave of the condition of the manuscripts probably encouraged neglect of the loose unsorted fragments. In addition, the provision of with assignment uk engineering, a catalogue encouraged the use of brittle manuscripts, both bound and unbound, which were not in a fit state for public handling.

The vulnerable edges of the manuscripts were completely unprotected, and in verse pieces of text broke off as they were used by Help, readers. Every time one of these damaged manuscripts was issued in the Reading Room, fragments of text were probably left all over the Museum. The effects of the continued handling of Speech written in verse, these fragile manuscripts have been most strikingly documented in the case of the Beowulf text in Essay Vitellius A. XV. In Verse. It seems reasonable to assume that this was one of the 105 bundles in cases which Planta found at the beginning of his work. The state of the manuscript in the 1780s is recorded in the two transcripts associated with the Write research paper, Danish antiquary Grmur Jnsson Thorkelin,(94) which record over 1900 letters which afterwards disappeared as a result of the crumbling of the Speech written in verse, edges of the manuscript.(95) Apparently, fragments of text were being lost even as the transcripts were being prepared. The manuscript was probably bound by Elliot under Planta's supervision. Planta's catalogue entries usually indicated if a particular volume was kept in a case, and there is no such reference in his description of Vitellius A. XV.(96) Given the testimony of de philo du plan, Ellis, Forshall and Planta himself as to the hazards of binding brittle vellum manuscripts, it seems likely that further damage to the Beowulf text occurred in the process of binding the manuscript in the 1790s. Speech Written. In 1817, John Conybeare made a detailed comparison between Thorkelin's 1815 edition of the poem and homework the original manuscript, marking the letters he could no longer see. According to written in verse, Conybeare, over 900 letters had vanished by 1817.(97) A more accurate collation made by Sir Frederic Madden in 1824 shows even greater loss than that noted by Conybeare.(98) Much of the damage to the manuscript in u get the early nineteenth century was due to unrestricted handling of it by readers.

Ironically, both Conybeare and Madden, by handling the manuscript when making their collations, accelerated the decay. The erosion of the Beowulf text continued until 1845, when the manuscript was inlaid, at written in verse last providing the fragile edges of the manuscript with some protection and preventing further loss. Presumably a number of other damaged Cotton Manuscripts suffered similar, if unrecorded, textual losses at Essay this time.(99) Planta's successors as Keepers of Manuscripts, Robert Nares and Francis Douce, did not undertake any further work on the Cotton Manuscripts. The main sequence of Cotton Manuscripts remained with the Royal manuscripts in the seventh room of the upper floor of Montagu House, the last of the rooms containing manuscripts. Speech Written In Verse. Both collections remained in their original order, the Dissertation du plan, 1808 synopsis of the Museum noting apologetically that 'These two libraries are not classed in a strict scientific order'.(100) At this time, the written, Cotton Manuscripts occupied twenty-one presses, six more than those allowed for by the Emperor system (including the Appendix as a separate case).

The use of boxes to house some burnt manuscripts presumably made it difficult to Write critical research comment, follow the system of one press per emperor.(101) This perhaps prompted the decision to write numerical pressmarks, consisting of a roman numeral for the press and a letter for the shelf, in pencil on the flyleaf of the manuscripts. Many of these old Montagu House pressmarks can still be seen on flyleaves of Cotton Manuscripts.(102) As long as manuscripts continued to be stored as loose vellum sheets in flimsy boxes, there were endless possibilities for loss and confusion. In June 1825, Sir Henry Ellis, who succeeded Douce as Keeper of Manuscripts in 1812, reported to the Trustees a misfortune with the in verse, autograph manuscript of Sir George Buck's History of Richard III (Tiberius E. X).(103) A reader called Yarnold had collated the Cotton manuscript with another in his possession. 'Having but one eye, and very indifferent sight in the other', Yarnold had accidentally taken away half a leaf of the Cotton manuscript with his own papers. On discovering his mistake, he had returned the marks, fragment. Sometime later, Yarnold's books were sold.

One lot was described as a manuscript of Speech, Buck. Critical Research Paper. When Ellis went to inspect this as a possible acquisition, he was horrified to discover that the lot consisted of fourteen leaves of the Cotton manuscript. In Verse. He immediately claimed the leaves as Museum property, and returned them to their proper place. Although the loose fragments and crusts stored with the Harley Charters had not been included in Planta's restoration efforts, they had not been forgotten by the Museum authorities. On 14 May 1825, the Standing Committee of the Trustees agreed that a small bundle of cinders and other fragments of Dissertation de philo, Cotton Manuscripts should be sent to William Hyde Wollaston so that he could undertake experiments on them.(104) Wollaston was distinguished as a physiologist, chemist and physicist, who even anticipated some of Speech in verse, Faraday's discoveries about electricity. Indeed, it was said that each of Wollaston's fifty-six papers in many different fields marked 'a distinct advance in the particular science concerned'.(105) The reasons for Wollaston's interest in the Cotton fragments are unclear. His covering letters returning the Help uk engineering, fragments survive, but do not state what he did to them or how successful his experiments were.(106) In fact, whatever his experiments, the results were disastrous. The state of the leaves treated by Wollaston was described in his diary by Sir Frederic Madden thirty years later: 'these leaves are almost like biscuit , and written in verse contracted to one third of their original size! Simply soaking them in Essay proofreading water would have been much more effectual. Of these leaves sent to Speech in verse, Dr.

W. sixteen prove to be part of Grosthead's Works in Otho D. X, and u get complete the in verse, volume ; while eleven others belong to the Higden, Otho D. I, and one to Vitellius E. IX'.(107) Madden later reported that he was able to counteract the Essay on umbrella, effects of Wollaston's process by soaking the leaves in water, so that they expanded again to 'one half of written, their original size'.(108) Despite the Help with assignment, unpromising results of written, Wollaston's first experiments, Ellis proposed in June 1825 that he be sent some fragments from the Cotton Genesis.(109) Ellis felt that these leaves would be particularly suitable for experiment, since this manuscript had not been as badly shrunken by Someone to write allan, the fire as others. He was confident that 'Dr Wollaston's experiments in this instance may produce some new or important readings for Speech the commentators'. This suggests that Wollaston was not attempting to flatten the fragments but trying to Help with assignment uk engineering, make them more legible by Speech written, using some form of chemical agent. The results of his experiments on the Cotton Genesis are not known. Perhaps the most revealing aspect of the Essay on umbrella, affair is Ellis's statement to the Trustees that the Cotton fragments 'do not form a Part of the Collection of Manuscripts at Speech in verse the present time but are kept in a garret at the top of the House, perfectly useless to the Museum in every sense of the word'.(110) Ellis was shortly to be proved quite wrong. In January 1826, a few months after Wollaston had finished his further shrivelling of Cotton fragments, Henry Petrie, Keeper of Records at the Tower, wrote to the Standing Committee of the Trustees, 'expressing a hope that some mode might be devised by which certain masses of the annonce, Fragments of the Cotton Library. which are at present preserved in cases, may be rendered readable without the risk of Speech written in verse, losing portions of their leaves from their adhesion and brittleness whenever an attempt is made to Help with, ascertain their contents'.(111) The Committee asked Sir Humphry Davy, a Trustee, to written in verse, talk to Petrie about the problem.(112) A month later the Standing Committee 'Resolved that the plan proposed by Sir Humphry Davy of submerging the burnt manuscripts on vellum belonging to the Cottonian collection which were injured in the fire of 1731 be adopted, from time to time, upon such MSS. as it may be desirable to examine: also that the Someone to write on edgar poe quill, edges of such manuscripts may be cut, where there is no writing, for written the sake of separating the leaves'.(113) On 12 May 1826, the Assistant Keeper of Manuscripts, Josiah Forshall, informed the Trustees that 'The means recommended by the President of the Royal Society for the restoration of these MSS. have been employed with more complete success than could in the first instance have been reasonably anticipated.'(114) Tiberius D. III, a collection of saints' lives in which Petrie had expressed a particular interest, 'was first carefully divided into Essay, convenient portions, and these were severally immersed for a longer or shorter time as they appeared more or less scorched.

This immersion and a very partial application of hot water made it practicable to separate the leaves, without any material injury. By making incisions between the columns and lines of writing, thus making room for an expansion of the parts most shrivelled and contracted by the fire, and by subsequently applying a gentle pressure until the moisture was evaporated, the leaves have been rendered sufficiently flat and smooth to admit of the contents being read for the most part with great facility'.(115) The process recommended by written in verse, Davy was therefore to soak the Essay proofreading marks, manuscript to make it more pliable and then cut it open. The exact nature of the solution used to soften the Speech in verse, manuscript is Essay on umbrella, not known; Madden reported that it consisted of written, a solution of spirits of zinc and water.(116) Encouraged by de philo, their success with Tiberius D. III, Ellis and Forshall were keen to Speech written in verse, try and restore some of the fragments stored in the charter garret. Forshall immediately tried the technique on what 'appeared at first sight mere lumps of Essay, wax and cinder'.

After treatment, they proved to written, be twelfth and thirteenth century charters.(117) During June 1826, Ellis and Forshall sorted through the Write paper, material in Speech written the garret to establish which fragments were worth treating. Ellis described to the Trustees how they had managed to trace nearly a hundred fragments from the Cotton Genesis, which had been placed in a separate box. Do College Homework. Likewise, they 'sorted all the Speech written, Fragments which are written in the Saxon language. ; they amount to some hundreds; these he [Ellis] has placed in another Box; many of them single, and many adhering to each other in thin close masses'.(118) Forshall bore the brunt of this difficult work,(119) which continued after he became Keeper in 1827.(120) About forty manuscripts were treated in Essay marks this way.(121) The leaves were separated, partially flattened and stored loose in solander cases. Even after treatment the leaves still remained brittle, and were clearly still at great risk from careless handling in the Reading Room. Madden afterwards described Forshall's efforts as a only 'very partial' attempt at restoration,(122) and this seems to have been a justified criticism.

Nevertheless, substantial progress was made.(123) Forshall's work led to Speech written in verse, the recovery of a number of important Anglo-Saxon manuscripts which were described by Planta as being either lost or unusable. Among the most spectacular rediscoveries were: the Essay writing on umbrella, unique manuscript of King Alfred's prosimetrical translation of Boethius (Otho A. VI);(124) 131 leaves from the Old English translation of the Pastoral Care (Tiberius B. XI), one of only two extant contemporary manuscripts of the Old English translations associated with King Alfred; an eleventh-century copy of Werferth's Old English translation of the Dialogues of Gregory the Great (Otho C. I, vol. 2); the Vitellius Psalter (Vitellius E. XVIII), complete except for Speech written in verse eleven leaves, ten of which were afterwards found by Madden; fragments of the insular gospels in Otho C. V; two eleventh-century manuscripts of Ælfric's Homilies (Vitellius C. V and Vitellius D. XVII); and a large part of Tiberius A. XV, a composite manuscript including an early eleventh-century copy of Alcuin's letters from Christ Church, Canterbury, and an eighth-century copy of Junilius. Among the later manuscripts made available for scholars for the first time since the fire were a number of cartularies and an important manuscript of Layamon (Otho C. XIII).(125) Forshall also located extra leaves of manuscripts probably partly restored by Planta, such as the early Bede (Tiberius A. XIV) to Essay writing, which he added five leaves, and the Worcester cartulary (Tiberius A. XIII). Most notable of Speech written in verse, all was the work on the Cotton Genesis.

Although the Essay proofreading, 1732 report stated that sixty fragments of this manuscript had been identified after the Speech in verse, fire, Planta could only trace eighteen. In July 1826, Forshall reported that 110 fragments of the volume, previously among the loose fragments in the charter garret, had been identified, unrolled and cleaned, '88 of which it had been found possible to homework u get, appropriate to their respective places.' These fragments were now 'ready to be numbered and deposited in cases secure from future injury'.(126) Madden was afterwards to Speech in verse, increase the number of fragments preserved to 147.(127) Madden's work in Do college homework u get identifying and preserving this manuscript has long been recognized, but Forshall's major role has not been noted. As Forshall proceeded, he also added material recovered from the Speech in verse, fragments to the Appendix manuscripts.(128) Above all, however, he also prepared detailed descriptions of the restored volumes, and proposed printing these in a supplement to Planta's catalogue.(129) A few of these survive, still unpublished, in copies made for Sir Frederic Madden and inserted in an annotated copy of Planta, preserved in the reference library of the Manuscripts Department.(130) Forshall is Dissertation, a forgotten pioneer in the restoration of the Cotton Manuscripts. However, the conservation work undertaken during his Keepership used new techniques, and the results were not always completely satisfactory.

Not only Speech written in verse was the restoration incomplete, resulting in a pile of loose brittle leaves in a box, but some unnecessary damage was caused. In particular, vellum leaves were cut at the edge both to Essay writing, allow the fat-covered crusts to be opened and individual leaves to be flattened. In subsequent restoration work these incisions were found to be unnecessary and indeed to be a considerable hindrance to further repair of the leaves.(131) The incisions that Forshall had made account for the serrated appearance of the leaves in Speech in verse many burnt Cotton Manuscripts, and are particularly visible in, for example, Otho B. II, a copy of Alfred's translation of the Pastoral Care,(132) Otho C. XIII, an early copy of Layamon, and Write critical research paper Otho C. I, volume one, an Speech Anglo-Saxon translation of the Gospels. The greatest blot on homework u get Forshall's record in the conservation of the Cotton Manuscripts is the work on the burnt Magna Carta, Cotton Charter xiii. 31a. In May 1834, he drew the Trustees' attention to the condition of 'Magna Carta and Speech written in verse the ancient and otherwise valuable charters in the Cottonian MS. Augustus A.II', pointing out that 'all these documents were suffering much injury, owing to the very imperfect manner in Essay marks which they had originally been secured'.(133) Augustus II contained one of the greatest single concentrations of Anglo-Saxon charters. In Verse. It is clear from a later report that Forshall was referring in this minute to the burnt Magna Carta rather than the other exemplar (Augustus II.

106).(134) This minute implies that the 136 varied documents with this pressmark were still bound as a single volume, which would inevitably have caused damage to them. Forshall recommended that Hogarth, the restorer who had been used in unrolling and fixing the Egyptian papyri (then kept in Someone to write on edgar allan poe quill the Manuscripts Department), should repair and secure the charters.(135) A month later, he reported that this work had been satisfactorily accomplished.(136) In fact, the results as far as the Magna Carta were concerned seem to have been far from satisfactory. This document at present is largely unreadable, even under ultra-violet light. However, Casley's transcription of it made immediately after the fire, now Cotton Charter xiii. 31b, gives a virtually complete text.(137) Similarly, in 1733 John Pine published an engraving of the burnt Magna Carta which showed the damage caused by the fire as limited chiefly to the melting of the written, seal.(138) Moreover, Maty and Rimius reported in 1756 that the document was still 'very legible'.(139) This certainly could not be said of Essay, its present condition. Most of the damage to this document was, therefore, probably due to the repair work of 1834 rather than the fire, a conclusion supported by Madden's comment that this copy of Magna Carta was 'Injured in the fire of 1731 (and still more by the injudicious treatment it received from Speech written Mr Hogarth).'(140) Forshall's restoration work received some public attention during the proceedings of Someone to write an essay allan, a parliamentary Select Committee into in verse, the administration of the Dissertation de philo annonce, Museum in 1835-6. Speech Written. The committee had been disturbed by assignment, Forshall's statement that 'There were in the year 1824 a great quantity of crusts or fragments of manuscripts remaining unopened'.(141) Pressed by the committee, Forshall explained that he referred only to 'the fragments and relics left by the fire, namely, the remnants of about 130 volumes, which were damaged to a considerable extent, and perhaps much more than one half of written in verse, them, being those manuscripts that were very much damaged, remained in the same condition until the year 1824. Someone To Write An Essay Poe Quill. I thought them, when I came to the Museum, of so much value, that I spent a great deal of pains in washing and opening them. The operation took up much time, and occasioned some expense'.(142) Questioned as to how he knew that there were not other Cotton Manuscripts worth unrolling, Forshall emphasized that such a judgement depended on the description in Smith's catalogue, claiming that the Speech written in verse, value of a burnt crust could be 'ascertained in most cases from bare inspection', and that the crusts left unconserved were not worth the expense of unrolling.(143) By this time, Forshall felt, like Planta before him, that he had completed the restoration of the Cotton library and that everything worth saving was available for scholars to consult.

He repeatedly told the Assistant Keeper of Manuscripts, Frederic Madden, that no further Cotton fragments of any value were preserved in the Museum.(144) During the Easter week of 1827, the Manuscript collections of the Museum were transferred from Montagu House to the accommodation in the new Museum building which (until the opening of the St Pancras building) they still occupy.(145) It was at this point that use of the emperor pressmarks for shelving the Cotton Manuscripts finally ceased. Do College. The motley mixture of in verse, placing systems used in annonce Montagu House was abandoned and replaced by the system still used today.(146) The manuscripts were ranked on the shelf according to size, regardless of previous numeration or subject content. Speech Written In Verse. They were then given a separate pressmark. At first, this consisted of a roman numeral for the press and a letter for Do college the shelf; from the written in verse, mid-nineteenth century, arabic numerals were used for the press. In order to find a particular manuscript on the shelf, it was necessary to Write critical paper comment, refer to a concordance now known as a handlist.(147) These pressmarks were pencilled on Speech written in verse the flyleaf. Write Research Comment. They were also put on the spine, as part of the spine title, preceded by the word `Plut.' for Pluteus or shelf.(148) Later in the nineteenth century, the modern procedure of using printed labels on the spine for the pressmark was introduced.(149) One of the Speech in verse, 1835-6 Select Committee's principal recommendations was that the writing, office of Secretary of the Museum should no longer be combined with one of the Keeperships, and, by April 1837, Forshall had confided to Speech written, his assistant, Sir Frederic Madden, his intention to on umbrella, retain the in verse, office of Secretary and resign as Keeper of Manuscripts.(150) On 17 April, Madden asked Forshall if they could inspect the old charter garret. Madden's diary records what they found:(151) Mr Forshall. went, at my request, up with me to the garret called the Charter-Room (because the charters were formerly kept here), and where I had always been told there were only a few fragments not worth the bother of dusting or sorting.

To my great surprise however, I found a large collection of Bagford's Title-pages. covered with the accumulated dust of nearly 80 years, also a large quantity of fragments and crusts of the burnt Cotton MSS. many of which appeared to me well worth the process of restoration. Mr F. had always assured me he had selected from them every thing worth preserving, but I saw enough before me to Someone to write on edgar poe quill, doubt the accuracy of his statement, and going on with my searches, I discovered in an old cupboard the identical Cartulary of Speech written in verse, Christ Church Twinham in proofreading marks Hampshire [Tiberius D. VI], which I have so often and so fruitlessly inquired after, and very little the worse for Speech written in verse the fire, except being wrinkled up! Is not this very disgraceful of the Keepers of MSS. from the middle of the last century to the present day. I saw enough to to write an essay poe quill, make me resolve in written in verse my own mind, to have the Someone to write on edgar poe quill, entire room cleared out, whenever it should be my lot to be Keeper of the MSS. and I resolved at once to bring down into my own room the two large bundles which formed the Christ Church Cartulary, and a third bundle which apparently contains an English Chronicle. I left up in the garret fragments of crusts of vellum enough to fill several bushel baskets, likewise a box full of written in verse, receipts of Sir Robert Cotton's, and three boxes said to writing on umbrella, contain the refuse of the written, Hargrave collection. It is very much to Dissertation annonce du plan, the discredit of Mr F that affairs should have remained thus, and so I believe he felt, when I produced to him the long lost Christ Church Cartulary, which he had declared to me over and over again could not by any possibility exist! Madden took the Christchurch Cartulary fragments back to Speech in verse, his room, and began washing and Someone an essay on edgar flattening them, using the methods pioneered by Davy and Forshall.

His personal diary for 26 April 1837 notes: Continued the washing pressing of the burnt Cartulary of Ch. Written In Verse. Ch. Twinham, Hants., which I am happy to find, will be perfectly legible, after it has undergone the Essay proofreading, process. The Calendar of Contents prefixed is complete, so that I shall be able by that means to easily arrange the leaves which have lost their numbering. The account given of this Priory in written in verse the New Editn. Essay Marks. of the Monasticon is very trifling, and, Ellis declares, without any reason, that the Cartulary was lost in the Cotton fire!(152) In July 1837, Madden was appointed Keeper of Manuscripts. On 16 August, he began to 'make a list of all the Speech written, Cotton MSS. that were injured by the fire of 1731 and their present state -- with a view of Do college u get, identifying, as far as possible, the mass of fragments still remaining in the old Charter Room'.(153) On his return from holiday in October 1837, Madden badgered Forshall into handing over the keys of the charter room,(154) and immediately made a further examination of its contents. Speech. He gave a detailed account of the material stored there in his work diary for Essay 31 October 1837 (afterwards adding notes on further investigations undertaken during November):

Went up in the old Charter Room looked out Bagford's long neglected loose collections -- also the remainder of the Cartulary of Ch[rist] Ch[urch] Twinham, Hants and many other valuable fragments which I propose to have restored. The contents of this room are at Speech written present as follows. 1. A very large box filled with fragments of burnt vellum Cotton MSS. the greater part broken and single leaves. In a dreadful state of dirt and confusion. Homework. (lock) 2. A large box, recently made, containing the more entire portions of the burnt vellum Cotton MSS. (lock) 3. A large box recently made, containing portions of the burnt paper Cotton MSS. and also bundles of Cotton bills Accounts c. (lock) 4. A box, locked, but found to be empty, when forced open on Speech written in verse 23d Nov. 5. A larger box, containing Hargrave law papers (opened 23 Nov.) 6. A box containing the refuse of the Help with uk engineering, Lansdowne Collection, placed here by written, Sir H. Ellis (Nailed down)(155)

7. A small box containing papers relating to the British Fishery Company (chiefly powers of assignment, attorney) and some miscellaneous papers of no value, the latter placed there by myself.(156) As Madden's annotations indicate, these precious boxes of Cotton fragments were locked up again after he had examined them, but he removed some of the larger vellum fragments and on 2 November again spent most of the in verse, day personally washing and flattening the Do college u get, further fragments of the Speech written in verse, cartulary of Christchurch Priory he had found.(157) Madden was a native of Hampshire and planned to write a history of the county.(158) The rediscovery of the Christchurch Cartulary was an achievement of which he was particularly proud.(159) The fact that Madden himself made the first attempts at restoring the Christchurch Cartulary indicates the limited resources for major conservation work at his disposal. He doubted whether the Museum's binder, Charles Tuckett, was equal to the intricate task of dealing with the brittle vellum fragments. Forshall had preferred to with, use Hogarth on more delicate work, such as unrolling the Egyptian papyri, and Speech even he had caused great damage when working on the burnt Magna Carta. On 11 January 1838, Madden reported to the Trustees: that he has received from Dr [Bulkeley] Bandinel, chief librarian of the Bodleian Library, and Dr [Philip] Bliss, Registrar, very strong testimonials in favour of a person named [Henry] Gough, who has been extensively employed to repair, inlay, and restore damaged manuscripts in the Bodleian and several of the College Libraries at Oxford. [He] recommends most seriously, that he should be permitted to to write on edgar poe quill, have a trial, in Speech written the restoration of the burnt Cotton charters (now from the state in which they are in, impossible to be used), and also on a few of the most valuable MSS. such as the Greek psalter on papyrus, purchased of Dr Hogg;(160) the Help assignment uk engineering, fragments of the burnt Cotton Genesis; the remains of the Saxon Boethius, and other Saxon fragments, which cannot at present [be] consulted without injury to Speech in verse, them, and which require a very practiced hand to restore them. Dr Bandinel assures Sir F.M. Do College. that the written in verse, terms of Gough are very moderate. He is at present still employed at du plan Oxford, but will shortly come up to London.(161)

It is evident that Madden did not at this stage envisage using Gough for a full-scale restoration of the written in verse, Cotton Manuscripts. He perhaps thought the Trustees would be nervous of the cost of such a project. Help Assignment. Instead, he seems to have intended using Gough to protect those manuscripts of which large sections had been recovered by Forshall and which were in danger of Speech written in verse, damage as a result of the handling of loose unprotected leaves in the Reading Room. It is noticeable that Madden does not mention here his discoveries in the garret. His concern that the Trustees would shrink from the cost of proofreading marks, such elaborate conservation work was justified. On 26 May, they refused Gough's services.(162) Madden noted in his diary: 'I am of Speech in verse, opinion they neglect the interests of Essay proofreading marks, this Department by such a step'.(163) He continued working himself on some of the newly recovered fragments. In his personal diary for in verse 17 July 1838, he wrote: 'Went up in the Old Charter Room and finished looking over the larger box containing the burnt Cotton fragments, and selecting the best portion. Flattened a few leaves of the valuable Cotton Genesis, which had been overlooked by Mr Forshall.'(164) On the following day, he 'Flattened some fragments of Someone on edgar poe quill, Saxon MSS. and discovered two leaves of the curious Proverbs ascribed to Alfred [Galba A. XIX], supposed to have been totally destroyed in the fire'.(165)

The impetus for Speech written in verse the full restoration of the Cotton collection came not from with uk engineering Madden, but from that ubiquitous figure in nineteenth-century manuscript studies, Sir Thomas Phillipps. On 10 October 1838 Phillipps wrote to William Richard Hamilton, a Museum Trustee, expressing his concern about the condition of the damaged Cotton Manuscripts and suggesting that the written in verse, most valuable should be transcribed before they were sent for binding.(166) The Trustees were at with assignment last persuaded of the need for action and instructed Madden to repair a report on the damaged Cotton Manuscripts, indicating which were sufficiently important to Speech written in verse, be worth the expense of transcription. Madden replied on 13 December with a masterly survey of the Essay writing on umbrella, condition of the Cotton Manuscripts.(167) This was more comprehensive than any previous survey of the condition of the manuscripts, since he described all the volumes damaged in the fire, not just the most badly affected manuscripts. He divided the damaged manuscripts (as distinct from the fragments) into three classes. The first comprised 'Those MSS. which by the agency of written, heat have been compressed and corrugated, with the edges burnt, and in many cases, broken, torn, and dirtied. These are in number 35, all of which, if skilfully flattened, inlaid and repaired, might be protected from with assignment uk engineering further injury, and rendered in a comparatively good condition for general use'.(168) Madden pointed out Speech, that 'Many of Help with assignment uk engineering, these MSS. are among the most valuable of those possessed by the Museum, such for instance, as the unique Saxon poem of Beowulf [Vitellius A. Written. XV], the Saxon Grammar of Ælfric [Julius A. II], a copy of the Essay writing on umbrella, Saxon Chronicle [Tiberius B. IV], two copies of Bede's Ecclesiastical History, probably nearly contemporary with the author [Tiberius C. II, and presumably Tiberius A. XIV, although this was in fact stored as loose leaves at this time, and was elsewhere correctly assigned by Madden to the third class]; two exceedingly curious copies of Aratus c., with illuminations, of the tenth and eleventh centuries [Tiberius B. V and C. I], a Psalter with a Saxon Gloss [Tiberius C. VI]; the Cartulary of written, Worcester with the Saxon Charters c. [Tiberius A. XIII]'. He observed that 'None of these MSS. are at present in a state fit for general use and they are constantly receiving fresh injuries'. There was in Madden's view no alternative to the full restoration of these manuscripts: 'The expenses of transcription would be enormous, and to copy the illuminations of some impossible. An Essay On Edgar Allan. Sir F.M. Speech In Verse. thinks that the whole of this class ought to be repaired with as little delay as possible'. He stressed to the Trustees his view that the Museum's own binder, Charles Tuckett, was not sufficiently skilled for Essay proofreading marks this delicate work. He did not restrict himself to the Cotton Manuscripts, and pointed out that some of the Royal Manuscripts, also affected by the fire at Ashburnham House, needed treatment.

He drew the Trustees' attention in particular to Speech written in verse, Royal MS. 15 C. XI, 'containing a very valuable copy of Plautus of the 11th century', which had been badly damaged by damp and also required careful inlaying and repair. Madden's second class of damaged manuscripts consisted of to write an essay poe quill, 'those MSS. Written In Verse. (chiefly on paper) which have been burnt on the edges and part of the writing injured or are otherwise out of repair.' These manuscripts were no less valuable than those in the first class, since they 'comprehend a very large portion of the Do college homework, original State Correspondence between England and other countries from the reign of Henry the Eighth to the reign of James the First'. Speech In Verse. This was by far the largest category of manuscripts requiring repair, 134 in all.(169) Unlike the manuscripts of the de philo du plan, first class, Madden felt that all were 'capable of being inlaid or bound by Tuckett'. However, there was a high risk of further loss or damage in this operation. Speech Written. Madden stressed that 'in numerous instances the Essay marks, written edges must sustain further injury in being handled'. In Verse. It was consequently 'highly desirable that many of the letters should be transcribed before they are placed in Help with the binder's hands'. The third class of damaged manuscripts consisted of those loose leaves in solander cases, chiefly the manuscripts reclaimed by Forshall but also including a number which Planta had been reluctant to have bound up. Madden assigned 67 manuscripts to written in verse, this class, including some portions of paper manuscripts kept as loose leaves in u get cases, presumably since Planta's time.(170) He recommended that these manuscripts should also be inlaid and bound, and the most vulnerable parts transcribed. Written. He suggested that it was to one of these manuscripts, a cartulary of St Albans, that Sir Thomas Phillipps had referred in his letter.(171) Madden pointed out that the edges of this manuscript had been ' greatly injured and broken by readers'.

This was certainly a manuscript worthy of full transcription. This, Madden emphasized, was merely the tip of the Dissertation de philo annonce, iceberg, namely those manuscripts available in in verse the Reading Room and kept with the to write an essay on edgar, main manuscript collections. There were also the 'burnt fragments or crusts of the Cotton library, which fill three large boxes, among which are various Saxon portions and other valuable remains (all deserving of transcription)', as well as 'the injured Cotton Charters, which fill two drawers, all of which might be flattened and preserved by a skilful person'. He concluded by stressing once again the need for outside help in Speech contemplating such a project. Critical Research. He sought to 'press on the attention of the written, Trustees. the necessity of employing some competent person, who shall put the Cotton Library into a complete state of repair'. Annonce. He also returned to written in verse, an old hobbyhorse, the need of attaching a transcriber to the department 'whose sole business should be to transcribe and copy. The utility of such a measure must soon become apparent, for many of the Royal and writing other autographs are wearing out from constant use, and written the same is the to write on edgar allan, case in regard to the Indexes to Speech written, the Heraldic Visitations and collections of pedigrees'. Madden's report provided a blueprint for the restoration of the Cotton Manuscripts.

His classification and listing of the different types of damaged manuscripts provided the basis on which the work was organized over Do college, the next forty years. His analysis of the treatment required was acute and Speech needed little modification as the work proceeded. He backed up his case by laying before the Trustees some of the most damaged manuscripts in the first class, but, not surprisingly, they were alarmed at the scale of the project Madden had unfolded before them. In particular, they were worried about the cost of restoring the vellum manuscripts, and Dissertation were reluctant to make use of Gough. The Trustees therefore decided to concentrate on the manuscripts in Madden's second class, which could be managed by Tuckett.

They ordered that the Speech, damaged paper manuscripts should be repaired, and on 10 January 1839, Madden presented them with a detailed list of these manuscripts.(172) Twenty-five of with assignment, these were marked by him as at risk of serious textual loss in the course of binding. He described these as consisting largely 'of Original State Correspondence and Speech in verse Papers between England and France, 1577-1620, between England and Belgium, 1516-1586, and between England and Write research Rome, 1509-1529'. Written. He proposed that a transcript should be bound up leaf by Do college homework, leaf with the original. The remaining manuscripts in this list only required careful repairing and rebinding, so that the Speech in verse, labour of transcribing their contents before binding was not justifiable. These included not only damaged paper manuscripts, but also a few of the less badly injured vellum manuscripts. In order to reduce the cost of the proposed transcriptions, Madden suggested 'the plan not of copying these papers in Write critical research paper intire , but only the marginal words, which run the Speech written in verse, risk of being broken off in the hands of the reader or binder (indeed(173) several of this class of scorched MSS. Proofreading. have already materially so suffered), and Speech after the Essay marks, transcript is made, to bind it up leaf by leaf with the original.'(174) Madden describes the Speech, Trustees' reactions to his proposals: 'although they saw with their own eyes confessed the to write an essay on edgar allan, necessity, yet the expense (about 300£) seemed such a bugbear in their eyes, that they would only authorise me to have one volume done in the manner I proposed'.(175) It was agreed to Speech in verse, prepare a transcript of Caligula E. Someone On Edgar Poe Quill. VII as a trial.(176) The experiment proved unsuccessful. On 29 June Madden had regretfully to recommend that the preparation of transcripts of damaged volumes be discontinued, as the written, transcripts would have almost doubled the annonce, size of the collection and there was not enough room in the presses to accommodate them.(177) It was therefore agreed that 'all of this class should be inlaid and rebound forthwith by written in verse, Tuckett'.(178) On 11 July 1839, work finally began in critical research comment earnest. Speech In Verse. Madden gave Tuckett the with assignment, binder Caligula E. Speech In Verse. VII, as well as one of the injured Saxon charters.(179) Once started, the allan, restoration of the paper manuscripts proceeded quickly. By the end of Speech in verse, 1841 the bulk of the manuscripts in this category had been successfully repaired.(180) Madden had not forgotten the damaged vellum manuscripts.

His reaction to Someone to write on edgar poe quill, the Trustees' decision to concentrate on the paper manuscripts was to urge on them 'the propriety of placing certain restrictions on in verse the use of the Help uk engineering, damaged Cotton MSS. until they shall have been secured against Speech, further injury'.(181) He gave a characteristically vivid description of the danger facing these manuscripts: 'At present every person who receives a ticket to Dissertation de philo, the Reading Room, has thereby a sanction to send for every MS. in the collection, without regard to its condition or value, and it may be adviseable, without placing any check to Speech written, the researches of persons properly qualified to examine MSS. to put these arrangements on a somewhat different footing.' Manuscripts were at this time read in Write paper the general Reading Room.(182) Asked to outline what changes he would make, he proposed issuing 'a distinct ticket for readers wishing to use MSS.'(183) This proposal did not find favour and Madden's later attempts to ensure that the more valuable manuscripts did not leave his department caused great antagonism.(184) During 1840, although much preoccupied with the repair of the paper manuscripts, Madden nevertheless found time to make some preliminary notes on the contents of the boxes of burnt fragments and to prepare a further detailed schedule of the current condition of the damaged manuscripts.(185) He had also given to Speech written, Tuckett for inlaying a few of the damaged vellum manuscripts of the first class which he felt Tuckett could be trusted with.(186) The continued threat to the vellum manuscripts that resulted from to write poe quill allowing them to remain as loose leaves is written in verse, illustrated by an incident involving Forshall. Do College U Get. Already on 27 May 1841, Forshall had located among his belongings 'some fragments of one of the injured Cotton MSS. and transcripts of a few of the Norreys papers in the handwriting of written in verse, Mr Stevenson'.(187) On 3 April 1843, Madden was checking a transcription of Write research paper comment, Tiberius A. X and found ff. 141-172 missing.(188) He ordered an immediate search.

Two days later 'To my great surprise Mr Forshall brought me the Speech written in verse, missing portion of Tib. A X, ff. 141-172 together with some other fragments of vellum Cotton MSS. which had been laying, unnoticed, in a wicker basket, covered by his private papers, since the Write paper, year 1825! How he can explain this, is wonderful to me; for my own part I think him greatly to blame in this matter. Among the fragments in this basket I found portions of the 2d text of written in verse, Layamon, which I am vexed at, as I have been prevented from including the lines in my edition'.(189) In 1841, Madden returned to the offensive on behalf of the vellum manuscripts, and on 5 May he again drew the Trustees' attention to 'the deplorable condition of the valuable Cottonian MSS. on vellum ' and 'the injuries to which they are now daily subject.

He therefore urgently(190) recommends(191) that Mr Gough, the person employed formerly to repair MSS. in the Bodleian Library, should be allowed a trial, to Help with, repair one of the injured Cotton MSS. and written if successful, that he should be allowed to proceed until the whole are in allan a fit state of repair.'(192) The timing of written in verse, this report was perfect. Three days later the Trustees made a visitation of the Manuscripts Department. Dissertation. Madden describes how 'They sent for me to confer respecting the reparation of the injured vellum Cotton MSS. and after much discussion, authorised a trial to be made on two or three detached leaves'.(193) With an evident sense of relief, Madden noted that 'The address of in verse, H. Gough, the to write an essay on edgar allan poe quill, person to be employed, is 26 Lower Islington Terrace, Cloudesley Square, Islington'.(194) Gough called on Speech written in verse Madden and Sir Frederic 'placed in his hands three vellum leaves much injured, to Write research paper comment, flatten and inlay'.(195) On 29 May, Gough returned to Speech written, Madden the three trial leaves. As a further test, Madden gave him three more 'of a better description'.(196) On 3 June, Madden wrote in his personal diary 'In the evening received from Gough the additional fragments of injured Cotton MSS. Homework U Get. that I placed in his hands. Speech. On the whole, he has certainly succeeded as I anticipated, and proofreading it is very clear that many of the Speech written in verse, injured MSS. may be carefully inlaid rendered fit for Help assignment uk engineering use.'(197) On 9 June, Madden submitted the fragments flattened and inlaid by Gough to the Trustees and reported:(198) 'Mr Gough would be willing to employ his time in this description of Speech in verse, work at the rate of 12s. per diem, from 9 in Essay the morning till 4 in the afternoon.

He estimates the time and labor expended on the six fragments placed in his hands to be about a day's work, but he states that if regularly employed, a much greater number of leaves, say from 10 to 16 might be taken in hand at the same time, consequently greater progress made.(199) Sir F.M. recommends that Gough should be allowed to proceed with the flattening and inlaying of such of the valuable Cottonian MSS. as are at present in loose leaves , such as the Saxon Boethius, Otho A. VI, the interlineary Saxon Psalter, Vitell. E. XVIII, the Saxon Gospels and Speech in verse Gregory's Dialogues, Otho C. I, Alcuin's Letters, Tib. A. XV, the Cartulary of Christchurch Twinham, Tib. D. VI. Research. etc. These volumes might then be bound and allowed to be used, without fear of further injury.' Thus Madden's first priority was to inlay the manuscripts separated by Forshall and preserved as loose leaves, with the addition of the Speech written in verse, Christchurch Cartulary, treated by Madden himself in the same way. Madden doubtless hoped that this strategy would help reduce the initial costs of the exercise. The Trustees once again took fright at the cost, asking the Principal Librarian, Ellis, to seek further information.

Madden was furious. 'The Trustees act most shamefully and Essay proofreading marks disgracefully in this business', he grumbled.(200) His exasperation is evident in his reply of July 1 to Ellis.(201) 'In reply to your note of 16 June on Speech in verse the subject of the injured Cotton MSS. on vellum the necessity of having them repaired', he wrote, `I beg leave to refer you to my reports of homework u get, 11 Jany 1838, 13 Dec. 1838, 3 Jan. In Verse. 1839, 7 March 1839, 5 May 1841 and 9 June 1841 which contain, I conceive, every information that the critical research, Trustees or yourself could require'. However, he went on to give a detailed breakdown of the amount of work required. Speech Written. The number of cases containing loose leaves was, Madden reckoned, altogether 71, amounting altogether to about 7300 leaves. With the exception of one case, containing about with, 200 leaves, all this material was 'of great value '. In Verse. In the drawers in his own room, there were a further 450 leaves, and additionally about Someone an essay on edgar allan, a thousand leaves had recently been extracted from the boxes in the garret as suitable for treatment. This gave a total of in verse, 8750 leaves requiring work, which Madden rounded up to 9000 leaves. Madden guessed that, of these, about with assignment uk engineering, 2900 leaves were from Anglo-Saxon manuscripts. Another 5700 leaves were from historical manuscripts, including monastic cartularies. The final 400 consisted of theological works from written in verse before the twelfth century.

Madden felt that it was 'decidedly expedient' to have all this material treated by Gough. He pointed out Dissertation, that 'The greater part by written in verse, far of these consists of inedited matter , of a very valuable description.' The size of the Someone to write on edgar poe quill, leaves varied 'from folio to 12mo of course the expense would vary with the size'. Despite these detailed figures, it was still difficult to produce an accurate costing of the work, and Madden urged that, to establish this, Gough should be allowed 'to flatten and inlay three of these MSS. simultaneously '. He also took the opportunity of a visitation of the Trustees on 19 June 1841 to press the case further. In his personal diary, he noted that 'Mr Speaker then inquired relative to the success of Gough's experiment on the injured MSS. and came into Speech written in verse, my private room, accompanied by the Archbishop, Lord Ashburton, and others, and I shewed them and urged the Write critical research comment, necessity of repairing the Cotton vellum MSS. seriatim. They all appeared to approve of what I said, particularly the Archbishop, who said that Gough had been working for him in the Lambeth Library and that his charges were very moderate.'(202) Eventually, on 15 July, the written, Trustees authorized Madden to employ Gough to flatten and inlay three of the damaged vellum manuscripts stored as loose leaves, namely the Vitellius Psalter (Vitellius E. XVIII), the Write critical comment, Christchurch Cartulary (Tiberius D. Speech In Verse. VI) and the volume containing a copy of Alcuin's letters (Tiberius A. XV). It was afterwards decided to leave the Alcuin volume for the time being, and use the Old English Gospels, Otho C. I, volume one, for the trial instead.(203) It was some time before Gough was able to Do college, start work.

The manuscripts were not allowed to leave Museum premises and, as always, space was a problem. In his work diary for 19 November 1841, Madden noted showing Gough the rooms beneath the Manuscripts Department and Speech in verse elsewhere, and discussing the subject with Ellis. Help With Uk Engineering. 'The only room he can possibly use (before Hogarth finishes his work) is the small room underneath my own, which is Speech in verse, very badly lighted and very damp. I ordered the room to be thoroughly cleaned a fire to be kept constantly, to see the effect.'(204) Gough eventually started work, beginning with the Vitellius Psalter. By May 1842 he had inlaid the leaves of the manuscript in paper mounts, which were then bound by Tuckett. By November 1842, he had also inlaid Otho C. I and Tiberius D. VI, which were similarly bound up by Tuckett.(205) On 10 November 1842, Madden laid the results of Gough's work before the Trustees: For nearly a century none of these MSS. were accessible for literary purposes, and even within these last few years when a partial restoration was attempted it was impossible to handle them, particularly the Saxon volumes, without causing further damage.

They are now completely secured for the future, and can be consulted without fear of any additional injury. In regard to the expense, the great value of the MSS. of this class, in Dissertation de philo Sir F. M.'s opinion, sufficiently authorise it and he begs leave to remark, that in Speech in verse the payments made to Gough, no charge is made by Help, him for Speech in verse the tracing paper at 12s. per quire or isinglass at 14s per lb.; things not generally used, but essential to preserve the flexibility of the leaves. Mr Gough also remarks with justice, that the time labor required to inlay MSS. that have previously been flattened by incisions (as is the case with those now completed) is far greater than if the leaves had remained intact . The great proportion however of the Someone to write on edgar, MSS. proposed to be restored and inlaid, are of the latter class . Sir F.M. trusts that the volumes will meet with the approbation of the Trustees, and that Mr Gough will be authorised to written, proceed with the work so well commenced.(206) Despite Madden's reassurances, the Trustees, worried at the expense, would agree to Gough's working only on 'four or five of the more valuable MSS. which Sir F.M. is to select'.(207) Madden chose Tiberius B. V, Tiberius C. VI, Otho A. VI and 'one without a number', a household book of Edward I. Uk Engineering. Gough completed these by April 1843, then delivered what must have been a body-blow to Madden, by writing on 19 April to say that 'having made his mind to reside at Oxford, he should resign his employment at Speech written the Museum'.(208) Madden's comment in his work diary, 'This really is vexatious', sounds an understatement.(209) Two days later, when Gough brought up to Madden the to write allan poe quill, inlaid leaves of Tiberius C. VI and Otho A. VI, Madden tried to persuade him to change his mind. Madden recorded that 'He will discontinue his work here for the present, but I am in hopes that he will be able to give 3 months of Speech written in verse, his time yearly to the Museum, after he is settled in Oxford'.(210) Gough's departure put paid to further work on the vellum manuscripts in 1843, and Madden had to report to the Trustees that 'no person could be found to Someone an essay on edgar allan, supply Gough's place, and until he resumes and proceeds with the work undertaken by him, Sir F. M. feels himself under the necessity of Speech written in verse, witholding from the readers several valuable MSS. too much injured to be handled'.(211) In January 1844, Gough was able to resume the work for three months,(212) but it was not until January 1845 that Madden was able finally to settle this problem. On 17 January, Madden reported to the Trustees: 'Mr Gough now proposes, to give up the whole of his time to the Museum, until the Someone on edgar allan, injured Cotton vellum MSS. are entirely restored; and to facilitate this, he begs to be allowed an assistant at Speech the rate of 5d per diem.'(213) The assistant Gough had in mind was his son Philip, who started work at Essay writing the Museum in March 1845, and Speech continued until November 1849.(214) The Trustees' minute of 18 March 1845 approving this also gave Madden permission to homework, 'proceed with the reparation of the burnt vellum MSS. In Verse. until all which deserve the expenditure [in Madden's view, every single one] are completed'.(215)

For nearly seven years Madden had been seeking authorization from the Trustees for a full programme for the restoration of the damaged Cotton Manuscripts. At last he had secured it. He interpreted the Trustees' instructions as widely as possible. Not only were the damaged manuscripts repaired but the condition of the whole collection was checked, and all necessary repairs undertaken. Having been given the annonce, carte blanche he wanted, Madden ensured that work proceeded as quickly as possible. 1845 proved to be the annus mirabilis of conservation work on Speech written the Cotton collection. Gough inlaid twelve manuscripts, including the critical research paper comment, Beowulf manuscript (Vitellius A. XV), the early Bede (Tiberius A. XIV), and the Old English translation of the Pastoral Care, reuniting the fragments numbered Appendix 43 with those under the original number of the manuscript, Otho B. III, as well as cartularies from in verse Chertsey and Winchcombe.(216) In 1846, Gough dealt with a further eleven manuscripts, including the autograph manuscript of Knighton's Chronicle, Tiberius C. VII, and Otho B. Essay Writing. XI, a tenth-century compilation of Old English historical works, including a translation of Bede and Speech a version of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.(217) In the meantime, Tuckett had continued with the paper manuscripts and some of the Dissertation du plan, less badly damaged vellum material.

Indeed, Madden's confidence in Tuckett's ability to deal with damaged vellum manuscripts increased, and from 1847 Tuckett was allowed to inlay the leaves of some of the written in verse, older vellum manuscripts.(218) Eventually, his work in this respect began to equal if not surpass that of Gough. On 24 March 1852, Madden noted that 'Tuckett's workman has been able to open the MS. of Capgrave [Otho D. IX] which Gough injured so much. I shall put the worst in his hands. Gough's work could draw to a close in another twelvemonth or so'.(219) By 1852, the Trustees were growing anxious about the an essay on edgar, length of time the restoration was taking, and asked Madden to indicate 'which of these MSS. Written In Verse. still unrestored he would specify as deserving the writing, earliest attention, and how many in the whole, he would regard as requiring restoration'.(220) This was a difficult question to answer. Speech In Verse. At the beginning of his work on de philo the Cotton Manuscripts, Madden had been able to find manuscripts from the loose fragments which were still largely intact and Speech written could be readily identified. As the work progressed, however, more and more shapeless 'black lumps' and 'crusts' were being sent down for treatment. These could not be identified until they were opened up and flattened. Thus, in his personal diary for to write on edgar 7 June 1851, Madden recorded that 'Mr Gough brought me up inlaid, the Speech, burnt Cotton MS. lump I lately placed in his hands, and on examining it, I found it to be Vitellius F.III, which is stated to be totally lost both by Do college homework u get, Casley and Speech Planta. It contains the Lives of several saints c. by Ailred of Rievaux, and is a fine copy of the 12th century, and nearly perfect.'(221)

Madden therefore laid before the Trustees a selection of the burnt lumps and crusts to show them the impossibility of ascertaining their contents 'in their present miserable state of cremation, dirt and neglect'.(222) However, he also proposed an Help with assignment uk engineering important change in procedure to speed up the work.(223) He suggested 'that instead of Speech in verse, taking each single lump, and fragment, and after flattening it, proceeding to inlay it, as at present, that for the present Mr Gough should be directed to annonce du plan, confine his operations wholly to written, the task of cleaning, separating and flattening, until the whole have been done. By this means, very great progress could be made, and Sir F. M. would be enabled, as the mass was rendered capable of examination, to class the leaves portions together, so as to form volumes. When this was done, the more valuable volumes might then be inlaid, according to the instructions of the Trustees.' In his book of reports Madden noted sourly that ' No notice was taken of this Report '.(224) He nevertheless took this as assent to his proposal for a preliminary flattening of the burnt crusts, and an essay on edgar from July 1852 Gough concentrated on separating and flattening loose leaves.(225) During 1852, not only were Tiberius B. VI, Otho A. VII, Otho C. XI, part of Otho D. X, Otho E. Written. XII and Help assignment XIII, and Vitellius F. VII -- all supposed to have been lost in the fire -- identified, flattened, inlaid, collated and bound, but also 4939 loose leaves had been flattened, 2894 identified and 1375 inlaid.(226) By 1854, Madden was able to report that 'the entire mass of the burnt vellum fragments of the Cottonian Collection (which originally in bulk would have filled a small cart) have now been flattened not a scrap remains unexamined '.(227) Two years later, the inlaying of these fragments had been completed and on 30 October 1856, Madden was finally able to report that Gough would within a few days complete his 'long and arduous work' in inlaying the fragments.(228) Madden lost no opportunity to publicize these achievements. In 1850, a Royal Commission investigated the Museum. Madden proudly laid before them some examples of restored Cotton Manuscripts, including the Christchurch Cartulary, and described how two hundred of the damaged manuscripts had been inlaid and in verse of the vellum alone about 7,000 leaves, of which 2,000 had been inlaid in 1849.(229) The centrepiece of the first public exhibition of manuscripts at the Museum in 1851, arranged on Do college u get the occasion of the Great Exhibition, was a drawing commissioned by Gough from the miniaturist and Speech in verse accomplished imitator of medieval manuscripts, Caleb W. Wing, showing an early manuscript of Roger of Wendover's chronicle, Otho B. V, before and after its restoration by to write an essay poe quill, Gough.(230) This remarkable drawing dramatically illustrates the extent and skill of Gough's restoration. Written. Indeed, this was more like resurrection than restoration.(231) To emphasize the point, the exhibition also included an example of a burnt manuscript from the Royal Library, Royal MS. 9 C. X, which was deliberately left unconserved to illustrate the condition of the manuscripts before treatment.(232) The departure of Gough did not mark the end of the work on Write comment the Cotton Manuscripts.

He left behind a huge quantity of written in verse, loose leaves, each one carefully inlaid, which required identification and sorting, perhaps the most arduous task of all. In the early 1860s, Madden enlisted the help of a number of his brightest assistants, including the young Edward Maunde Thompson, in an essay on edgar a final assault on the fragments.(233) It was largely as a result of this concentration on the Cotton material that the cataloguing backlog for which Madden was afterwards criticized built up.(234) By 1864, this last work on the fragments was well advanced. Speech. Madden could afford to feel, if not complacent, then at least pleased with himself for Essay having pushed to the verge of completion one of the largest programmes of manuscript conservation ever undertaken, even if the Trustees failed to recognize its importance. On 10 March 1864, Madden recorded in his personal diary: Gave into the hands of Mr Thompson, one of Speech written, my assistants, the whole of the remaining vellum fragments of the Cottonian Collection, not yet bound, or not identified, with instructions for him and Someone to write poe quill Mr Scott [Edward Scott, afterwards Keeper of Manuscripts], to go carefully over them, and arrange such as are identified, and then identify, as far as possible, the rest. I have long had this work at Speech in verse heart, as, when it is done, I shall be able finally to bind up in boards the whole of what now remains of the loose 'refuse' of the Cotton MSS. left after the fire of on edgar poe quill, 1731 and which by my own labor and perseverance were rescued from dust and Speech in verse oblivion , when thrown together in heaps in with assignment one of the garrets of the old Museum building. Written. I shall be truly glad to get this completed before I quit the Museum. I may then give a brief list of the Volumes or portions of this noble collection, which have been rescued from destruction, and made available to scholars. I have received no thanks from the Trustees, nor indeed from the Public, for the pains I have taken since 1844 to restore these missing portions of the Cottonian Collection, but I have the satisfaction of proofreading marks, my own conscience in having undertaken and carried out a task so onerous and Speech written difficult, that I do not believe any other man living would have attempted it.(235)

When he wrote these words, Madden was unaware that the work on the restoration of the Cotton Manuscripts was about to receive its greatest setback. On the evening of 10 July 1865, Madden was writing letters in his residence when at about 9 o'clock 'we were alarmed by a report that Mr Panizzi's house was on fire! It was the work of a few moments to fly downstairs, put on proofreading marks my boots and overcoat, get out the Museum keys, and written in verse rush into the Court. The first thing I saw was an immense column of black smoke, followed by flames, rising apparently out Do college u get, of the corridor leading to Mr. P's house, but on approaching closer, I perceived that the fire was not in Speech written in verse the corridor but in Tuckett's the binder's work shops! The sight was terrible, for I knew that many MSS. of value had lately been sent down to him!'(236) The Museum's fire drill did not prove very effective. Dissertation De Philo Annonce. Policemen with vital keys could not be found; the fireman was on leave, and no trained replacements could be found, so that on the first attempt to use the fire hydrants, the hose burst; Panizzi was (as usual, comments Madden) dining out, and did not return until midnight; when the fire brigade, summoned by telegram, arrived after half an hour with two fire engines, only one could be used. 'Such a want of organization (after all the fair printed rules and instructions)', declared Madden, 'I never beheld in my life'.

The fire raged for over an hour. By 10.15 pm it had been put out, and Madden sent one of his attendants, George Gatfield, to try and written in verse find out which manuscripts had been damaged. Fortunately most of the manuscripts had been placed in an iron safe in the stone-vaulted room where the Duke of Bedford's muniments were formerly deposited and Essay on umbrella had escaped injury. This left the manuscripts actually in the hands of the workmen to be accounted for. At eleven, Gatfield brought Madden a parcel of vellum manuscripts recovered from the workshop.

It was burnt on in verse the outside and saturated with water. Help With Assignment. 'I could not tell what they were, but put them away to dry. I was very weary and vexed beyond measure at so unfortunate an occurance, although I had always feared it !' On the following day, Madden visited the devastated bindery to survey the damage. It appeared that the cause of the fire was a charcoal brazier in the finishing room, and Speech written the manuscripts left overnight in this room had been destroyed and damaged. Madden ordered one of the Help with, assistants, Richard Sims, to make a complete list of manuscripts sent down to written in verse, the binder, and check it by those returned so as to ascertain the extent of the loss. 'The MSS. brought to my house last night by Write research comment, Gatfield prove to be the remains of several Cottonian MSS. which after having had so much labor time expended on them, in flattening, inlaying, identifying, collating arranging, had been finally described and sent down to in verse, be bound. It is most unfortunate that these remains, saved almost by Someone to write an essay on edgar allan poe quill, miracle from the in verse, fire of 1731 should now again, after the lapse of above 130 years be again partially burnt. The water has done almost as much damage as the fire, and the whole are in Dissertation du plan a very sad plight.' Madden gave his deputy, Edward Augustus Bond, instructions as to the salvage work to be undertaken on the manuscripts, and went to acquaint some of the Trustees with the Speech, bad news. He returned to the scene of the disaster in the afternoon. 'Some Persian MSS have been recovered (partly in Dissertation de philo annonce the sewing room up stairs) but I am distressed to learn that the Anglo-Saxon copy of Gregory's Pastoral Care, in Speech in verse Tib. Someone To Write An Essay On Edgar Allan Poe Quill. B. XI (which Mr Hamilton and written myself had in annonce du plan our hands so recently, to ascertain the places of in verse, a few loose leaves) has been entirely destroyed as has also a vellum MS. of the Arundel Collection, No.

243.' The techniques used by Madden and Do college u get his staff in Speech trying to rescue the damaged manuscripts were much the same as those employed in to write an essay allan 1731: 'All my Assistants, aided by Mr Bond and myself, were at work to separate the burnt soaked leaves of vellum and paper, and then, with the help of Speech, one of C. Tuckett's men, to wash them, and hang them on lines to dry.' The scene understandably saddened Madden: 'It is a truly melancholy sight, and Someone to write on edgar allan unlucky to the last degree, for the binder's man had no occasion to keep the Anglo-Saxon MS. out all night. Written. It ought to have been restored to the iron safe. I met Mr. P[anizzi] and accompanied him and his sneaking shadow Jones to assignment, Tuckett's rooms, where Mr. Speech In Verse. P. behaved like a brute!' The 1865 Bindery fire was arguably the greatest single disaster to the collections since the establishment of the Museum in 1753. In terms of the quality and importance of material destroyed, the loss was greater than the destruction of a large number of printed books by enemy action during World War II. There was initially some difficulty in establishing which manuscripts had been in the bindery.(237) One at least (Arundel MS. Write Paper. 152) had been taken down as a pattern without Madden's knowledge. Speech. Others, at first thought lost, were afterwards found,(238) whereas other volumes thought only to have been damaged had been completely destroyed. The process of separating, drying and identifying the surviving fragments took at least two months.(239)

The most notable loss was Tiberius B. XI, a late ninth-century copy of King Alfred's Old English translation of Gregory the Great's Pastoral Care. Madden described the assignment, circumstances of its destruction: 'it lay on a board immediately above the bin of charcoal, and a slate slab was placed above it. The slate flew into fragments from the heat, and the MS. (a good thick folio written on written in verse vellum, bound in research comment russia) must have fallen into the midst of the Speech in verse, burning charcoal.'(240) Eight tiny fragments from Tiberius B. XI were eventually identified (at what date is not clear -- probably within a month or two of the fire) and are all that remains of the manuscript today.(241) In the event, three Cotton Manuscripts were completely destroyed in the fire: Galba A. Assignment. I, II and III. Galba A. I was a fifteenth-century historical collection containing a copy of Murimoth's Chronicle, proceedings of the Council of Florence and in verse other texts.

Thought to be totally destroyed in 1731, Madden had managed to recover 52 leaves of it before they all perished in the bindery fire. Galba A. An Essay On Edgar. II and III were a collection of in verse, Old English sermons, also recorded as lost in 1731, of which Madden had found a large part. In addition to Tiberius B. XI, another twelve manuscripts, already burnt in 1731, suffered further severe damage in 1865: Galba A. An Essay Allan. XIX, Otho A. Speech In Verse. I, IX-XII, XIV, Otho B. III-IV, IX, XII and Tiberius E. XI. U Get. Of these, Madden singled out as particularly regrettable the damage to in verse, Otho A. X, containing the unique text of u get, Æthelweard's chronicle, and in verse Otho A. XII, the manuscript which formerly contained The Battle of Essay on umbrella, Maldon and Asser. At the Speech written, time of the fire, Madden believed that seven leaves of Asser had been found and restored to Otho A. XII. In fact, these leaves were from the text of Æthelweard in Otho A. X.(242) Apart from the Essay proofreading, Cotton Manuscripts, which bore the brunt of the effects of the fire, Arundel MS. 343 and Egerton MSS. 1961 and Speech written in verse 1962 were completely destroyed.

Arundel MS. 152 and Additional MSS. 25686 and 25805 were severely damaged. A final blow was the writing, loss of the complete impression of the third volume of Madden's long-standing bugbear, the Catalogue of Maps and Speech Topographical Drawings , on which Madden's former Assistant Keeper, John Holmes, had, to Madden's great annoyance, laboured for many years, which Madden himself had spent a great amount of time finally preparing for the press after Holmes' death, and for uk engineering which Madden had prepared an important appendix of corrections and additions, only to written in verse, see it suppressed by Panizzi and the Trustees. As a result of the fire, this volume of the catalogue was not finally published until 1962.(243) The undoing of so much of his recent work on the Cotton Manuscripts devastated Madden. At loggerheads with Panizzi and the prevailing Museum ethos, he felt that all his achievements had been wilfully overlooked by the Trustees and Dissertation de philo annonce du plan sank into despondency. The last straw came in the following year, 1866, when, despite Madden's great seniority, the Keeper of Printed Books, John Winter Jones, was appointed over his head as Principal Librarian. He decided to retire.

On 12 July 1866, he submitted a last memorial to the Trustees reminding them how, in the twenty-nine years since he had been appointed Keeper, the collections had doubled in size, accurate registers and inventories of the written, manuscripts been prepared, and with many catalogues produced.(244) He then went on written in verse to describe his work on the Cotton Manuscripts: 'it is not too much for me to Do college u get, say, that, after the lapse of more than twenty years, I may claim, without egotism, the title of the Restorer of the Cottonian Library, for Speech in verse out of the proofreading marks, number of volumes supposed to be lost or destroyed, above one hundred under my direction and superintendence have been in great measure recovered, and the whole of the damaged volumes have been repaired, and rendered accessible'. He retired on 29 September 1866. His official diary for the previous Saturday, 22 September, describes how he took his leave of the Cotton Manuscripts: Completed notes of Cotton MSS. and placed in Mr Thompson's hands the written in verse, whole of the remaining fragments on vellum paper of the Cotton MSS. to be prepared for the binder. I now say Finis to my long and arduous labors on this Collection during so many years, by means of which upwards of with, 100 volumes have been restored for use supposed to be lost or totally useless! The schedule of injured MSS. made by my direction, compared with Planta's Catalogue of the Cottonian MSS. in 1802 will prove the extent of Speech, what I have done, but for which I have neither received recompense nor thanks!! (245) The story of Dissertation du plan, Madden's forty-year struggle to restore fully the written, Cotton Manuscripts is a heroic one, with, perhaps, a whiff of tragedy in its conclusion. The scale of the achievement of Help with uk engineering, Madden and Speech written his colleagues is even more apparent when the techniques used in recovering these burnt manuscripts are considered. Help Assignment. An appreciation of this process is essential to a full understanding of the present structure of many of the Cotton Manuscripts.

The records of Madden's work on the Cotton Manuscripts are voluminous. Madden's massive personal diaries, forty-three large foolscap volumes covering the period 1819 to 1872, contain much information about the written in verse, Cotton library. However, as Madden himself makes clear,(246) his personal diary was not the main record of his day-to-day work in the Manuscripts Department. He kept a more detailed record of Write critical paper, his work as Keeper in his official diaries, preserved in the British Library.(247) In these 'memoranda of business' every action of Madden as Keeper -- whether letter, conversation, meeting, cataloguing, binding order or recommendation for purchase -- is Speech written in verse, carefully recorded. The official diaries provide the key for tracing Madden's activities as Restorer of the Cotton library. They are supplemented by the volumes containing Madden's draft reports to the Trustees.(248) These contain not only with assignment uk engineering such major reports as Madden's memorandum of 13 December 1838 giving his plan for Speech the restoration of the Essay writing, Cotton collection, but also his monthly reports to the Trustees giving precise details of the written, gradual progress of the work. On Edgar Poe Quill. Some assistance in written in verse tracing the main reports relating to the Cotton collection is provided by three notebooks compiled by Madden containing digests of key information from his reports and elsewhere arranged alphabetically by subject.(249) These notebooks were intended to assist Madden in giving evidence to the Royal Commission into Essay writing on umbrella, the Museum in 1848 and 1849.

The constant anxiety of the Trustees about the cost of the work on the Cotton Manuscripts has been noted. Speech Written. In July 1849, Madden 'Began to make a complete list of the Cotton MSS. in reference to the binding, inlaying and with assignment repairs since the year 1839 collected from the vouchers and binders books'.(250) This notebook was kept up until 1866 and provides perhaps the best overview of the work on individual manuscripts.(251) Details are given in manuscript order of the exact treatment each volume received, the date when it was done, the number of folios in the volume, and the binder responsible for Speech the work (either 'T', Tuckett, or 'G', Gough).(252) In 1845, Madden purchased a copy of the with uk engineering, 1732 report on Speech written the fire which he had interleaved and which he also used to help keep track of the restoration work.(253) These records presumably provided the basis for the detailed description of the Essay, current condition of the Cotton Manuscripts prepared for Madden in 1866. This exists in three versions, namely a draft corrected by Madden,(254) and two fair copies, which are in the form of Speech in verse, interleaved copies of the 1732 report.(255) A number of Madden's working lists and Essay marks notes on damaged Cotton Manuscripts also survive, but are difficult to use because they have been bound up in Speech written in verse the wrong order.(256) The most important was probably that prepared by Madden in Write critical research paper 1837, which he described as 'a list of the whole of the written in verse, MSS. then damaged or destroyed, with an account of the u get, contents of each, how far injured, and Speech in verse what repairs they have subsequently received, collected from the Dissertation du plan, printed notes of Smith, Wanley, Casley, Maty, Hooper, Planta c. and the MS. notes of Mr Forshall and himself'. Madden, unlike Forshall, did not make any concerted attempt to describe the manuscripts restored by him. Written. The only exceptions were some of the State Papers, for which Madden and his Assistant Keeper, Bond, prepared detailed lists of the articles not noted in to write an essay on edgar Planta. These have never been published, and in verse indeed were not made publicly available until 1983.(257) Of great value are the numerous annotations by Madden in to write poe quill the copy of Planta kept in the Keeper of Manuscripts' Room and preserved in the Departmental Reference library. This volume summarizes much of the information about the in verse, structure of the Cotton library accrued in the process of Essay writing, restoration. Nevertheless, it is a bewildering and patchy compilation. The rearrangement, reidentification and recovery of Speech in verse, masses of material is recorded in a very piecemeal fashion, through a mass of scribbled notes, many of them by Madden and sometimes vitriolic in their denunciation of earlier workers on the collection.

Another valuable source for the history of the restoration under Madden is the printed annual returns of progress in the British Museum, which list each of the Cotton Manuscripts restored year by year.(258) Finally, Madden's own annotations on the manuscripts themselves often contain valuable information. His notes on the flyleaf of the Cotton Genesis, for example, provide a particularly lucid summary of the misfortunes of this manuscript. Much of an essay poe quill, this material lay hidden from written in verse public view until recently. Madden left a box containing his personal diaries and Help assignment uk engineering other material to the Bodleian Library but these were reserved from public use until 1 January 1920. When the box was opened, it was found that the contents consisted of not only the Speech written in verse, personal diaries but also Madden's official diaries, report books and lists of acquisitions. Recognising that these belonged more properly to the Museum's Archives, the Curators of the Bodleian Library offered them to the Trustees.(259) The then Keeper of manuscripts, Julius Gilson, reported that these volumes 'are almost wholly concerned with the business of the Department of MSS. and would naturally have remained as part of its archives, but for the evidence they contain of the difficult relations between Sir Frederic Madden and the then Principal Librarian, Sir A. Panizzi'. Essay Marks. Gilson therefore recommended that this material should be accepted as a gift to the Museum, but proposed that 'they remain part of the archives of the department instead of Speech in verse, being placed with collections open to the public, to whom they would be of little use'.(260) These vital records of the restoration process consequently remained in the Departmental Archives, virtually unknown, until they were incorporated as Additional Manuscripts in 1981. Similarly, Madden's notes on his restoration work, including the ledger recording the homework, work on each manuscript, were kept in the Departmental Archives until 1983, when they were also made Additional Manuscripts. Perhaps partly as a result of written, this, printed references to Madden's work on the Cotton Manuscripts are few and far between. In 1854, Gustav Waagen, in his guide to Do college, Treasures of Art in Great Britain , described how in Speech written 1835, on his first visit to the British Museum, the leaves of the Cotton Genesis were 'still quite crumpled up with the effects of the fire'.

By 1854, 'they had been successfully smoothed out, and Do college u get mounted on separate sheets of paper, so as to admit a due estimate being formed of their style of art'.(261) Julius Zupitza in his 1882 facsimile of in verse, Beowulf noted how further textual losses to critical paper, the manuscript had been stopped by a new binding. He observed, however, that 'admirably as this was done, the binder could not help covering some letters or portions of letters in every back page with the edge of the paper which now surrounds every parchment leaf'.(262) Zupitza does not mention Madden's name, neither does he indicate that the work on Vitellius A. XV was part of a general restoration of the written in verse, Cotton Manuscripts. A few other editions of Essay marks, texts rescued by Madden also mentioned his work.(263) More detailed accounts of the restoration process were given in two nineteenth-century guides to the Museum Library. In 1854, Madden's trusty transcriber, Richard Sims, in his unofficial Handbook to the Library of the British Museum , gave a lucid short account of the written in verse, restoration.(264) The work of Madden and Forshall was also briefly noted by with assignment, Edward Edwards in his 1859 Memoirs of Libraries .(265) Of recent histories of the Museum, Esdaile gives Madden's work the briefest passing mention,(266) while Miller refers only to the discovery of material in the garret in 1837.(267) It was not until 1981 that the procedures adopted by Madden and Speech written his binders in restoring the Cotton Manuscripts were first described in detail, by Professor Kevin S. Kiernan in his groundbreaking book Beowulf and the Beowulf Manuscript . Kiernan describes the Someone to write an essay allan, procedure adopted in inlaying the individual leaves of the Speech written in verse, Beowulf manuscript in the following terms: The binder first made pencil tracings of the separate folio leaves on assignment uk engineering sheets of heavy construction paper. These tracings are usually quite visible in the MS. the binder then cut out the center of the written, paper, following the outline, but leaving from Dissertation de philo du plan 1 to 2 mm. of paper within the traced line, so that the written in verse, frame would be slightly smaller than the vellum leaf it was designed to hold. Paste was then applied to this marginal retaining space, and the folio was pressed into place. Finally, transparent paper strips were pasted on like Scotch tape along the edge of the vellum on the recto, thus to secure the mounted leaf from both sides.(268) Kiernan points out the advantages of proofreading marks, this procedure. It saves having to handle the vellum while consulting the manuscript. Moreover, it avoids the risk of confusing leaves inherent in handling the loose vellum.

The drawback is that the edges of the paper frames cover letters and parts of letters on the verso of each leaf, which are thus effectively lost. However, as Kiernan points out, at least 'there is something left to try and decipher; without the paper frames many of these uncertain letters would now be gone'.(269) In 1983, Kiernan triumphantly vindicated this conservation strategy. He showed that by lighting the obscured vellum from in verse behind with a cold fibre-optic light source, many of the covered letters could be read.(270) Recently, Kiernan has used a digital camera to record images of the obscured letters and demonstrated the use of computer imaging to restore the hidden letters to their place in the manuscript.(271) Thus, by stabilizing the condition of the vellum, Madden and Gough had allowed future scholars, using technological aids undreamt of in the mid-nineteenth century, to read letters which would otherwise have disappeared in the British Museum Reading Room in the nineteenth century. Kiernan's work on the Beowulf manuscript has implications for the study of all Cotton Manuscripts inlaid in this way. Wherever the text on the verso of an inlaid leaf runs up to the edge of the research paper comment, paper frame, there is Speech in verse, likely to be text concealed beneath the edge of the Essay writing, mount, which may be read with the aid of fibre-optic backlighting. In Verse. This applies to both vellum and paper manuscripts, since many of the burnt paper volumes were inlaid in Someone an essay on edgar allan a similar fashion, although usually using much lighter paper than in the case of the Speech, vellum manuscripts. Moreover, the inlaying of the paper manuscripts, undertaken by Tuckett, was often much more clumsily done than with the vellum manuscripts, so larger portions of text are concealed beneath the mounts. The first of the Cotton Manuscripts to be inlaid in this way was a paper manuscript, Vitellius F. V, the sixteenth-century diary of Henry Machyn, a merchant tailor of London, which contains, along with much other heraldic information, the first description of a Lord Mayor's Show. The restoration of critical paper comment, this manuscript was supervised by Madden in 1829, while he was still Forshall's assistant.(272) Madden noted that 'The fragments forming the present Volume were formerly kept in a case, without any regard to order, and are thus decribed by Dr Smith(273) in his Catalogue. Cod. chartac. in fol. constans foliis solutis circiter 150 in pixide asservatis, quae rite disponere frustra tentavimus .'(274) The paper leaves were badly singed around the edges by the fire, but none were lost.(275) The pages were inlaid by Tuckett using exactly the same technique as the later restorations.(276) Much lighter paper was used for the frames of Vitellius F. V than in subsequent restorations and the inlay was less skilfully done. Nevertheless, the result is an impressive first attempt.

Just as in the Beowulf manuscript, the paper mounts conceal odd letters and words around the edges of the leaves on the verso which can now be read by the use of written, fibre-optic light.(277) Madden took the inlaid leaves of Vitellius F. V and compared them with Strype, who, in Madden's words, 'made use of the MS. when perfect, and who quotes largely from it'; Madden was thus able to restore the manuscript to its original order. He carefully noted the month and year of each entry in ink at the top of each page, and, wherever an entry is mentioned by Strype, gives the reference in pencil on the manuscript itself. His comment on the work might serve as a motto for the whole restoration process: 'The curiosity and value of these fragments seemed a sufficient warrant for the labor and time consumed in arranging them in their present form'.(278) As a result of Madden's work, John Gough Nichols was able to produce the first full edition of Machyn's diary in 1848.(279) Madden was sufficiently pleased with the Someone to write an essay, results of this first experiment to have two further burnt paper manuscripts in the Vitellius press, Vitellius F. IV and VIII (which afterwards turned out to in verse, in fact be folios 1-95 of Otho D. IV) inlaid and Essay writing on umbrella rebound in September 1834, three years before he became Keeper.(280) These early prototypes show that the credit for devising the techniques used in restoring the Cotton Manuscripts belongs to Madden, though he may have been inspired by examples of Gough's work he had seen in Oxford.

This is confirmed by Madden's stress on the fact that the volumes were restored 'under my superintendence' and the way in which he gave both Gough and Tuckett very detailed instructions on the procedures they were to use. The physical labour involved in the work undertaken by Gough and Tuckett was enormous. They had to open up, clean, flatten, make frames for Speech written and mount thousands of leaves. Each stage of the work required manual dexterity and skill of the highest order. Dissertation De Philo. Just as arduous, however, was the intellectual labour involved in identifying and arranging the inlaid leaves.

As these were returned to Madden, he checked their order, making amendments as necessary, and then passed them over to Tuckett for binding. It should be noted that, in this respect, the notes made by Madden in the binding ledger, Additional MS. 62577, as to the binder responsible for Speech in verse particular pieces of work are misleading. Even where the letter G appears beside a note that a volume was inlaid and Dissertation annonce rebound, Gough was responsible only for the inlaying of the leaves. The inlaid folios arranged by Madden were actually bound up by Tuckett. Gough's time was too valuable to be spent on such routine tasks.(281) Madden provides little information in his diaries and elsewhere as to the exact procedures adopted by him in sorting and arranging the in verse, inlaid leaves.(282) References to work on individual manuscripts are usually frustratingly vague, but it is clear that, in establishing the order of the leaves, he relied heavily on Do college u get early catalogues such as Smith and Wanley. In his personal diary for 26 May 1854, he notes that he 'Collated the Cottonian MS.

Otho D. X (now inlaid) with Smith's list of contents. Written In Verse. Originally it consisted of 291 leaves, but previous to paper, Smith's Catalogue (1696), thirty six leaves had been cut out, leaving only 255 and at written present I find only 239 much injured by fire'.(283) By 1865, Madden had traced the remaining leaves and Someone on edgar allan placed them in the appropriate places in the volume.(284) In other cases, the process of arrangement was more complex. Speech Written In Verse. On 29 March 1845, Madden 'Began to arrange for the binder the Dissertation de philo, vellum fragments of MS. Cotton Otho B. II containing Alfred's Saxon version of Gregory de Cura Pastorale. This volume was much injured in written the fire of 1731, and only 49 leaves remain of it, which have been inlaid by Gough. On Umbrella. I am enabled to place them in order by Speech, comparing each leaf with the printed Latin text of Gregory's work, a tedious and rather difficult task.'(285) Madden was still engaged on this work four months later.(286) The reconstructed Otho B. II was then used as an aid in arranging another copy of the same text, Tiberius B. XI.(287) The complexity of the Dissertation de philo annonce, task confronting by Madden and the care with which he carried it out is evident, to take a random example, from a collection of twelfth-century historical works, Otho D. VII. The surviving manuscript includes works by Diceto, Robert de Torigni, Ailred of Rievaulx and Henry of Speech written, Huntingdon.

These represent a very partial survival of the original volume, comprising parts of critical research comment, articles 3, 5-8 and 11 of the manuscript as described by Smith. In the first of the Speech in verse, surviving articles, Diceto's Abbreviatio Chronicorum , the order of the leaves has been determined by reference to two different manuscripts (Royal MS. 13 E. VI and Cotton MS. Writing. Claudius E. III) together with Twysden's printed edition. Detailed references to written in verse, these various works are supplied in pencil on the paper frames of the leaves. On f. 10 a reference to the Royal MS. has been replaced with one from Claudius E. III and the folio number altered from 6 to 9 and Do college homework u get then 10, apparently reflecting a rearrangement. Speech In Verse. Between ff. 15 and 25 there are a number of erased pencil numerations which show leaves being fed in to the sequence and rearranged while still loose. After f. 14, where two leaves are noted as missing, blank paper leaves, already ruled with ink borders, have been provided to critical research, receive the blank leaves if found.

On ff. Written. 26 and 27 inlaid leaves have been pasted into previously prepared blank leaves of this type. Confusingly, these extra leaves were not foliated when they were added to the volume and the foliation of the critical research paper, subsequent leaves was not altered. Speech Written In Verse. Madden also attempted at various points to indicate the original pre-fire foliation of particular leaves (e.g. ff. 62-65). This was useful to him in sorting, but, as it was not consistently done or clearly labelled, it was likely afterwards to cause great confusion.

To provide guidance for the binder, Madden put an extra foliation on the top right hand corner, which is still just visible, though heavily cropped and largely erased. The foliation sequences provide important clues as to the stages in the restoration process, as can be seen also from the insular gospel fragment, Otho C. V.(288) Casley reported that 'some pieces of leaves' of this manuscript had survived the fire and indeed illustrates one of them.(289) Nevertheless, the manuscript is described as wanting by Planta. The fragments were eventually retrieved from the refuse in the garret by Forshall, cut open and flattened. The manuscript consisted in Do college homework u get 1841 of sixty loose leaves.(290) However, six of the Speech, fragments thought by Forshall to belong to Otho C. De Philo. V were in fact from Speech written Otho A. I.(291) Moreover, some of the on edgar allan poe quill, fragments now joined together to form a single folio were probably separate in Forshall's time.(292) Nevertheless, it is clear that the bulk of the manuscript was recovered by Forshall, and that the additions made by Madden from the loose material in the garret were relatively few. The leaves treated by Forshall can be identified from the 'notching' left when the manuscript was cut open, a practice abandoned under Madden.(293) The volume, including the six leaves from written in verse Otho A. I, was inlaid by Essay, Gough and arranged by Madden during the written in verse, latter part of 1848.(294) A much heavier grade paper than usual was used for an essay allan the inlay, perhaps in order more effectively to protect the fragments, which are particularly brittle.

In arranging the leaves, Madden painstakingly wrote the biblical references for each leaf on the top of the paper mount. Some of the points at which identification proved particularly difficult are evident from the occasional erasure and correction of in verse, these references.(295) During the course of the arrangement, Madden established that some fragments belonged to the same folio and could be joined together, so he returned them to Gough to be inlaid again.(296) The old foliation in proofreading marks the top right hand corner of the ink border framing the inlaid leaf was made by Madden shortly before he sent the leaves to Tuckett to be bound. Four leaves were added to Speech in verse, the sequence after Madden had completed this foliation(297) and were given starred folio numbers. In 1855, seven years after the homework u get, manuscript was bound, six of the leaves which Madden's assistant Hamilton(298) realised in fact came from Otho A. I(299) were removed.(300) There is Speech, no disruption in the sequence of Essay writing, Madden's foliation and written in verse his binding ledger does not show that the manuscript was rebound after 1848. The most reasonable inference from this is that the Write paper comment, leaves from Otho A. I had been placed at the end of the in verse, volume and could be removed without disrupting the foliation. At the same time as the leaves from Otho A. I were removed, Hamilton is also reported to have 'inserted some fragments' in Otho C. V.(301) Since the only indication of any disruption in the foliation are the four starred folios, the most likely explanation is Dissertation annonce, that these are the fragments identified by Hamilton, which were presumably tipped in to the old binding. Speech In Verse. Unfortunately, all other evidence of this rearrangement was destroyed when the inlaid leaves of research, Otho C. Speech Written In Verse. V were mounted on guards and rebound in 1963.(302)

Although the various foliations are vital evidence of the restoration process, one of the weaknesses of Madden's work was the confusion he left in the referencing system of particular manuscripts. New leaves were inserted and their order altered but the foliation was not amended. Help. Occasionally, asterisks were used to indicate additional folios, but this was not consistently done. Thus, in Vitellius C. VIII, Madden inserted new material after Planta's f. 139. In Verse. He continued Planta's foliation sequence from homework u get this point in pencil up to f. 153, then used starred foliation for some further added leaves. However, he did not alter the numeration of the remaining leaves with a Planta foliation.

As a result, before 1875, the manuscript contained two sets of ff. 148-153. Such a situation was clearly unsatisfactory, and was one of the reasons for written in verse the refoliation of all the Cotton Manuscripts in the 1870s and 1880s, when Madden's successors, Bond and Thompson, introduced the system of foliation still used in Do college u get the Department of Manuscripts.(303) The work performed by Madden and his team on Speech written the arrangement of the restored leaves was a bibliographical and palaeographical tour de force . Their tools were limited in scope: Smith, Wanley and a handful of Help assignment, very old editions. Many of the fragments were scorched and Speech shrunk beyond recognition. Modern aids such as ultra-violet light and even a table-lamp were unavailable. Assignment Uk Engineering. The task of sorting and arrangement of the leaves became even more formidable after 1852 when the fragments started to be flattened and inlaid without preliminary sorting.

By 1856, thousands of inlaid and unsorted loose leaves had accumulated in folders, each of which had to be individually identified. In the meantime, Madden was growing older and his sight began to deteriorate. He therefore started to involve his most competent assistants in the sorting and arrangement of the fragments. The first to be recruited in this way was his Assistant Keeper, Edward Augustus Bond, who was to succeed Madden as Keeper and afterwards rose to be Principal Librarian. In 1850, Madden noted that he 'Gave Tiberius A. XV into Mr Bond's hands to arrange.'(304) Bond was also extensively involved in work on the State Papers. Some of Madden's assistants were unequal to the task. In 1853, Madden complained that he had been 'Employed in collating the Cotton MS. Otho D. I (which was done in a very slovenly way previously by Mr Lerieu, one of my assistants) and inserted 17 additional leaves'.

Three years later, 'Mr Lerieu brought me the remains of MS. Cott. Calig. D. X, XI, E. I and E. II which have been in his hands ever since 1852'.(305) More enthusiastic about the work was N.E.S.A. Hamilton, who in 1876 published the Inquisitio Comitatus Cantabrigiensis ,(306) a text which came to his attention as a result of his work with the Cotton Manuscripts. This document records an early stage in the Domesday survey of Cambridgeshire and was (erroneously) hailed by no less a figure than John Horace Round as 'the true key to the Domesday Survey'.(307) In Galbraith's view, Round's misinterpretation of the Speech in verse, function of this document, compounded by Maitland's acceptance of Round's position, fundamentally distorted Domesday studies until very recently.(308) Hamilton's edition of the Inquisitio was dedicated to the memory of Madden, 'the greatest palaeographer of the age', and in his introduction Hamilton described how he had been asked by Madden 'to arrange and Write critical research paper where possible to restore to their proper places a considerable number of separate and damaged leaves, which were known to belong to manuscripts in the Cotton collection; and in verse it was while thus employed that he made the discovery of the important nature of the Domesday portion of the manuscript [Tiberius A. VI].'(309) Madden urged Hamilton to publish the text, which had been omitted from Henry Ellis's edition of Domesday-related material even though it was in the same manuscript as another text, the Inquisitio Eliensis , which had been included.(310) Hamilton did a great deal of Dissertation annonce du plan, work on the Cotton fragments, but was not wholly reliable.

On 31 January 1854, Madden recorded how 'Mr Hamilton identified the Cotton MS. In Verse. Append. XXXI to be Vitellius F.VI said by Planta to be lost ';(311) on closer examination three months later Madden felt some doubts about the identification, observing that 'It does not correspond satisfactorily with Smith, but it maybe'.(312) In the 1860s, Hamilton was assigned the arrangement of the remaining Old English fragments, most of which are now in Otho A. VIII, Otho B. X and Otho B. XI.(313) These three volumes are among those where recent work has revealed serious deficiencies in the arrangement, with leaves inserted upside down and assigned to the wrong manuscripts.(314) It seems that these volumes were in an even worse state when they left Hamilton's hands and were sent to Madden for checking. On 12 May 1863, Madden, while examining these volumes, 'Identified 5 leaves of the Anglo-Saxon Boethius, Otho A. VI, and proofreading marks directed them to be inserted in their places which I ascertained by collation with Rawlinson's edition. Mr Hamilton (to whom I have previously given the Anglo-Saxon fragments) made sad work of them. Speech In Verse. Five leaves of Boethius he notes as Colloquy. Description of Britain!!'.(315) Even so, when Madden sent the checked volumes to the binder, very obvious errors in the reconstruction remained, evidence perhaps of his own failing powers.(316) Madden's most important associate in the task of identifying and arranging the fragments was the Help assignment, young Edward Maunde Thompson. Speech Written. Thompson had been a clerk in Panizzi's office, and was transferred, at Panizzi's insistence, to Manuscripts in 1862.(317) Despite this unpromising start, he soon distinguished himself. In May 1863, Thompson identified article 3 of Help, Vitellius A. III(318), located a number of fragments from Speech in verse Otho A. III and rearranged Vitellius A. VII.(319) On 1 June, he found the last eleven leaves of the chronicle of Roger of Essay marks, Wendover, Otho B. Written. V.(320) 'This is important', Madden declared.(321) On the following day, 'Mr Thompson identified the to write on edgar poe quill, leaves of the commencement of Tib.

A. IX which were missing before 1734 when the Report on the Library was printed, also the nine last leaves of Vitell. A. VIII.'(322) Madden was delighted: 'Mr Thompson is a most useful assistant his services more valuable than several of the older ones'.(323) However, even Thompson was not above making mistakes. Speech Written In Verse. He seems to have been responsible for identifying seven leaves from Æthelweard's chronicle, Otho A. X, as part of the unique manuscript of Asser, the first article of Otho A. XII,(324) a mistake which seriously misled Henry Bradshaw in his account of the placenames in Asser(325) and was only rectified by Sir George Warner some years later.(326) These leaves, further damaged in the bindery fire, still form the first seven folios of Otho A. XII. It is perhaps only when mistakes like this come to light that the modern reader becomes conscious that many of the Cotton Manuscripts are in a way replicas or reconstitutions, made from the annonce, original materials by Madden and his colleagues. The words of Susan Sontag describing the 1845 restoration of the smashed Portland Vase come to Speech in verse, mind: 'neither replica or original.

A perfect job of reconstruction, for the time'.(327) Madden's great enterprise has been exhaustively described here, but there are still many other aspects of the work which would be worth further investigation. The Cotton Charters, which, as Madden noted, were in a particularly bad condition in 1838, were also repaired. The charters had perhaps the most complex history of any part of the Cotton collection. They were the only part of the collection which was renumbered when it came to marks, the Museum, being assigned a roman number representing the drawer in which the charter was stored and written in verse an arabic number recording the piece number of the charter within the Help uk engineering, drawer. The original Cotton Charters only extend as far as XVI.3.

The numbers from this point onwards were assigned by Samuel Ayscough to various unnumbered charters and seal impressions while he was compiling his catalogue of charters in the 1790s.(328) These included a number of Harleian charters.(329) Madden was afterwards to Speech in verse, lament the 'sad confusion' that Ayscough had caused in Do college the charter numeration.(330) In Madden's time, these later additions to the charters were distinguished, following Ayscough's usage, as 'Cartae Miscellaneae Addendae' or 'Various Collections'. During the Bond's Keepership (1866-78), the use of a separate designation for these charters ceased, and they have since always been referred to as Cotton Charters and Rolls. This has led to the confusing situation where the item known nowadays as Cotton Charter XXIV.17 was in fact presented to the Museum by Mr Leake of Middlewich in 1788.(331) Madden not only restored damaged charters but also recovered many charters from the damaged fragments in the garret.(332) The numeration assigned to these charters presumably reflects Madden's view of their likely provenance. Hand in hand with the restoration of the Cotton Manuscripts went a closer investigation of the history of the collection, leading to the rediscovery of much lost and stray material. Madden compiled a detailed list of lost or strayed Cotton Manuscripts.(333) He persuaded Sir Thomas Phillipps to sell a stray Cotton manuscript in his possession, Vitellius D. IX, to the Museum at a special price.(334) Perhaps the most exciting rediscovery was that of the Utrecht Psalter. On 1 December 1856, Madden 'Received a letter from Mr D. Laing giving me a description of a MS. in the University Library Utrecht [the famous Utrecht Psalter], which proves to be one of the lost Cotton MSS. Claudius C.VII which is marked Deest in Smith's Catalogue of 1696. Mr Laing recommends that the in verse, Trustees should negotiate for its acquisition. I think so too .'(335)

The second half of the nineteenth century saw a great leap forward in critical and Help with editorial standards. Madden's work with the Cotton Manuscripts was of fundamental importance in Speech this movement. The connection between Hamilton's influential edition of the Inquisitio Comitatus Cantabrigiensis and the restoration work has already been mentioned. Homework U Get. Madden rescued important manuscripts of many of the key English historical sources edited in the Rolls Series and elsewhere, such as (to take two random examples) one of only two extant manuscripts of Roger of Wendover's Flores Historiarum (Otho B. Speech Written In Verse. V) and a presentation copy of Capgrave's De Illustribus Henricis (Tiberius A. VIII). Moreover, the work on the restoration of the Cotton Manuscripts, by establishing the exact extent of the survival of particular manuscripts, helped clear the ground for assignment uk engineering new editions of texts whose chief witnesses had been destroyed or reduced to a few fragments, such as Gildas and Asser. Madden's achievements as 'Restorer of the Speech written, Cotton library' may not have achieved much public recognition, but they can be seen as underpinning the emergence of de philo, modern historical technique in Britain. This is Speech written in verse, reflected in Someone to write poe quill the prominence of those most closely associated with the work on the Cotton Manuscripts -- Thompson, Hamilton, Bond and Madden himself -- in in verse the editing of the Rolls Series. The two main published catalogues of the Cotton Library, those of Thomas Smith, published in critical paper comment 1696, and Joseph Planta, published in 1802, had both, within fifty years of their publication, ceased to be accurate guides to the collection they describe. The 1731 fire reduced Smith's catalogue overnight to the status of a historical document: an indispensable guide to the contents of the collection before the fire but no longer an Speech written up-to-date working catalogue. The process by which Planta's catalogue became equally outmoded was more complex but equally devastating.

Criticisms of it had begun to be widely voiced as early as the 1830s. Most telling were those made by Sir Nicholas Harris Nicolas in his Observations on the State of Historical Literature , published in 1830. This attacked the Essay marks, work of the Record Commission which, rather than the in verse, Museum Trustees, had published the catalogues of the Harley, Lansdowne and Essay Cotton Manuscripts. That these three catalogues were 'often erroneous and generally unsatisfactory', Sir Nicholas declared, 'is well known to all who have consulted them'.(336) He complained that the Cotton catalogue, like the Speech written in verse, third volume of the Harley catalogue, was full of short and vague descriptions of complex manuscripts.(337) He also attacked the accuracy of the catalogue: 'The descriptions of the manuscripts are not unfrequently erroneous, and what is paper comment, equally material, the Speech written, general index at the end of the volume is extremely incomplete. For example, the Cottonian collection contains the highly valuable chronicle of du plan, Lanercost, but no special reference is to be found to it in the general index; and other omissions of Speech, equal consequence might easily be cited.'(338)

In giving evidence to the 1836 Select Committee on the Museum, Nicolas not only repeated the Essay writing on umbrella, criticisms in his earlier pamphlet, but also also drew attention to the problem of the burnt manuscripts. He noted that Planta did not give any indication as to the contents of manuscripts thought to be completely lost, and written offered no hint that any further fragments might still be surviving in the Museum.(339) Forshall's initial restoration work had, of course, already rendered Planta seriously out of date in this respect and Dissertation de philo annonce it was no longer an Speech written in verse accurate statement of those Cotton Manuscripts which were available for consultation in the Reading Room. Forshall conceded to Help with assignment uk engineering, the Select Committee that a supplement to Planta's catalogue was needed. The basis for this would be the 'considerable materials' which he had already begun to in verse, gather.(340) Planta's inadequate treatment of the burnt and Write research paper missing manuscripts was a glaring deficiency in his catalogue. An even more serious fault, however, was his failure to distinguish between manuscripts lost in the fire and those already noted as wanting in Smith's 1696 catalogue.

Some of these were lost to Speech written, the Library as a result of loans and survive elsewhere. Others may simply have been phantoms which never existed.(341) As Madden's restoration work proceeded, the refrain of 'deest' and 'desideratur' which echoes through Planta's catalogue became more and proofreading marks more misleading. Increasingly, manuscripts dismissed by Planta as lost or useless were being made available for public consultation. Moreover, as Madden's facelift of the collection continued, manuscripts described by Planta were rearranged, so that the description itself became out of date. This was communicated to readers, if at all, by brief written notes, often very inadequate or confusing, in the margins of copies of Planta's catalogue in the Reading Room. Not surprisingly, towards the end of Madden's time as Keeper, readers became very frustrated with this situation. Madden's personal diary for 6 December 1861 contains the following entry: Saw Mr Panizzi in his room, who shewed me a printed sheet sent to Speech, him by the post, anonymously, in which some person bearing no good will to Dissertation de philo annonce, the Dept. of MSS. has taken the Speech written, trouble to collect from my Annual Reports to the House of Commons the critical paper comment, references to the injured Cottonian MSS. Speech In Verse. which have been restored by my direction and under my superintendence, and then by way of a grievance, asking why a copy of Smith's Catalogue of 1696 has not been placed in marks the Reading Room, with an Speech in verse account of those MSS. which had been restored. My answer is Essay proofreading, thus, to this anonymous piece of spite.

1. There is a copy of written in verse, Smith's Catalogue in the Reading Room always has been. 2. At the end of Casley's Catalogue of the Royal Library there is a short list of an essay, those MSS. damaged or lost by fire in 1731. 3. A great part of the MSS. so restored have been bound placed on the shelves, are accessible to every reader. 4. Practically the whole are easily accessible, for every reader who wishes to know of any remains of a MS. (said by in verse, Planta to be lost ), exist, has only to Do college u get, ask, and he is immediately informed. 5. For a long time past I have [purposed] an interleaved copy of Planta's Catalogue for the Reading Room, in which are to be entered descriptions of the MSS. wholly or in written part recovered or restored; but up to the present time, it has been found impossible to execute this, since it would require the services of an Dissertation annonce extra assistant devoted especially to the task.(342)

Despite his dusty reply to this anonymous criticism, Madden was conscious of the need to provide better information about the availability of particular Cotton Manuscripts. In June 1861, he had pointed out to the Trustees that all the restored manuscripts needed to be described, and that Planta's catalogue 'requires careful revision, and additions to be made; to Speech, do which would require a good palaeographer one well versed in English History and Middle Age literature'.(343) As Madden approached the end of his work on de philo the manuscripts, he had prepared a detailed account of the Speech, current condition of those reported as lost or injured by the parliamentary committee of 1732.(344) This information was inserted in two interleaved copies of the committee's report. One was retained for internal Departmental use. The other was placed at the catalogue desk in Write critical comment the Reading Room shortly before Madden submitted his resignation.(345) This provided an authoritative account of the in verse, restoration work, but unfortunately it did not stay in to write allan poe quill the Reading Room for Speech written in verse very long.

It was withdrawn from the catalogue desk, perhaps when a separate Manuscripts Students' Room was opened in 1885. It was at first placed in the general printed book collections with the pressmark 362.b.14, but was afterwards returned to research, the Manuscripts Department, where it rejoined its companion in the Departmental Reference Library.(346) The two volumes remained there until 1983, when the copy originally intended for the Reading Room was incorporated in the Manuscript collections as Additional MS. 62573. In 1984 this information was finally made available in print, when one of the volumes was published in facsimile in Speech Colin Tite's indispensable edition of Thomas Smith's catalogue.(347) The interleaved copy of the parliamentary report is the only convenient statement available of the work done by Do college homework, Madden on the Cotton Manuscripts but is nevertheless unsatisfactory in a number of ways.

It was not kept up to Speech in verse, date and does not record the further work on the collection done after Madden left the Museum.(348) Moreover, Madden's notes are restricted to the manuscripts listed by Casley as lost or effectively destroyed but his work was far more wide-ranging than this. Many leaves were added to manuscripts described by Casley as damaged but usable, and there are only indirect references to the extensive work undertaken in rearranging and Do college sorting the written, manuscripts in the Appendix. Had it been made more widely available, the interleaved copy of the parliamentary report would have provided a useful stop-gap, but it was never a replacement for Write critical research paper comment a new catalogue. The preparation of a new catalogue was a constant aspiration of successive Keepers of Manuscripts, rather as the restoration of the fragments had been up to Madden's time. In the 1870s, while George Warner was arranging the loose inlaid fragments left by in verse, Madden into a separate series, he compiled detailed descriptions of with assignment uk engineering, them.

Shortly before the First World War, Eric Millar described the bulk of the appendix and the remaining loose fragments. These descriptions may perhaps have been intended to be the first stage in the preparation of a new catalogue. With the outbreak of the First World War, however, this project was abandoned, and Millar and Warner's descriptions filed away. They were not finally typed up until 1973, and only made available in the Students' Room in 1981.(349) In 1931, the Speech written in verse, tercentenary of Cotton's death, a special exhibition of Do college homework u get, his finest manuscripts was held in in verse the King's Library. The then Keeper, Sir Harold Idris Bell, expressed a hope in the preface to the exhibition catalogue that it would be soon be possible to start work on a new catalogue, similar to homework, that recently produced for the Royal and King's Manuscripts.(350) Shortly afterwards, the Trustees gave permission for this work to begin.(351) Manuscripts in Speech in verse the Julius, Tiberius and homework Caligula groups were assigned for description to Speech, various officers including Bell himself, Robin Flower, Francis Wormald, Eric Millar, and Theodore Skeat. The rules drawn up for the new catalogue still survive. De Philo Annonce Du Plan. They stressed that 'The new catalogue was sanctioned by the Trustees on the understanding that the work for it would be done concurrently with that on the General Catalogue. It is important that it should not interfere too much with the latter, the written in verse, arrears in which, though reduced, are as yet by marks, no means overtaken. It has therefore been decided that Officers should devote no more than two days a week to the Cotton catalogue'. It was proposed to issue the Speech, catalogue in a series of fascicules, with the Write paper comment, first volume containing descriptions of the earlier manuscripts, arranged in Emperor order.

It was hoped to Speech written, draw on the expertise of readers and an appeal for information on homework the manuscripts was to be circulated among readers. F. M. Powicke and V. H. Galbraith were to be consulted on the treatment of chronicles and F. M. Stenton was to act as advisor on the cartularies. This ambitious scheme, which would undoubtedly have produced a first-rate catalogue, was again cut short by the outbreak of war. Speech Written In Verse. The dispersal of staff and collections during the assignment uk engineering, war, as well as such vicissitudes as the destruction during the Blitz of the printers stock of the descriptions of the Catalogue of Additions to the Manuscripts for 1921-1925 and part of 1926-1930, meant that an Speech in verse arrear of publication built up which is only just being eradicated.(352) The retirement of Madden did not mark the conclusion of work on Dissertation de philo annonce du plan the restoration of the Cotton Manuscripts. He had passed over to Maunde Thompson a large pile of inlaid fragments not yet identified and a little loose material.

The annual reports of the Museum for 1867 and 1868 indicate that work continued on these fragments,(353) but it was soon abandoned as Madden's successor, Bond, began to concentrate on his pet project, the creation of the classed catalogue. When Maunde Thompson himself became Keeper in 1878, the decision seems to Speech in verse, have been taken to Help assignment uk engineering, bind up the remaining inlaid fragments in separate volumes. Speech In Verse. Rather than attempting to reunite these with their parent volumes, detailed descriptions were prepared which indicated as far as possible the provenance of particular fragments. This was the origin of the present series of Cotton fragments, which represent the Essay marks, remnant of the material found by Madden in the garret in Speech written 1837. The loose material which had not been inlaid by Essay writing, Madden was kept respectively in a 'case', a 'portfolio' and Speech written in verse 'box'. Detailed work on the identification of this material was undertaken by Millar, but does not seem to have led to any extensive rearrangement. The loose material was not generally available for public consultation. Eventually in Do college u get 1990 the decision was taken to sew the loose material into Speech written in verse, inert transparent plastic sleeves to facilitate its use in the Students' Room. This work was undertaken by Cyril Titus of the critical paper comment, Manuscripts Conservation Studio under the supervision of Rachel Stockdale, relying on the work of Millar and Warner. The material from the Speech written in verse, former 'case' is now available as Fragments XXX. It is intended that the contents of the 'box' and 'case' will also be bound up in this fashion.

The story of the restoration is not yet ended. Indeed, it may be beginning afresh. Do College. Apart from the possibilities opened up by the use of computer imaging as demonstrated by Kevin Kiernan, Madden's restoration work is beginning to show signs of age. Vellum behaves in a different way to paper. As the vellum moves in one direction, the Speech, paper moves in another. Gough's paper frames are buckling and in one or two places the vellum is becoming detached from the paper frames. Even more seriously, in the later stages of the restoration process, acid paper was used for the mounts of some of the Do college u get, fragments. This accounts for the yellowing of some frames in a manuscript like Otho B. X.(354) In order to stabilise the situation, some of the burnt Cotton Manuscripts have been recently encapsulated in plastic(355) but, as David Dumville has observed,(356) this makes study of the manuscripts difficult. A conservation technique which balances the need to preserve the in verse, manuscripts against the requirements of public access needs to be developed. In some respects, we are back in the time of Ellis and Forshall. Again the words of Susan Sontag in respect of the Portland Vase seem apposite. 'A perfect job of de philo du plan, reconstruction, for its time.

Until time wears it out. Transparent glue yellows and bulges, making seamless joints visible. Can something shattered, then expertly repaired, be the same, the same as it was? Yes, to the eye, yes, if one doesn't look too closely. Speech In Verse. No, to the mind'.(357)

Reports of Someone an essay on edgar poe quill, Matthew Maty and Henry Rimius on the condition. of the Cotton Library, July 1756. These reports are printed from the copies in the minutes of the written, Standing Committee of the Museum Trustees, vol. 1, 1754-1757 (British Museum Archives CE 3/1), 102-106, 110-114. [ The initial report ] The report of Dr Maty and Mr Rimius concerning the state in which they have found the Essay writing, manuscripts and medals in the Cottonian collection. According to the order given us by the Honourable Committee of the Trustees of the Speech, British Museum, Friday July 16th, 1756, we waited upon Mr Widmore at the Cottonian Repository, and examined the manuscripts, by comparing them both with the catalogue, composed by Mr Smith and printed in 1695, and with the account which was given by Mr Casley in 1732 of the state of the manuscripts after the u get, fire. For this purpose we opened the several presses distinguished by the names of the twelve Caesars, those of Cleopatra and Faustina, and the Appendix; and having counted the number of volumes under every division, we took one or two of each and compared them with the catalogues, to be satisfied they answered to written in verse, the accounts given of them.

And though, for want of time, we could not be as particular as we could have wished in our examination, we hope the following account will be found agreeable to the actual state of this valuable, though hitherto much neglected, collection. The manuscripts contained in the presses called Julius, Augustus, Claudius, Nero, Vespasianus, Titus, Domitianus, Cleopatra, Faustina, and those of the Appendix, have suffered nothing by Write paper comment, the fire, and have been found to agree with Mr Smith's catalogue. Yet several of these being placed in presses much exposed to dampness in Speech in verse a cold and shady place, could hardly notwithstanding Mr Widmore's endeavours (which he has assured us to have been very assiduous) be preserved from Essay proofreading marks must and mouldiness and will want to written in verse, be aired and carefully dried up before they are placed in the Museum. The condition of the manuscripts contained in the presses called Tiberius, Caligula, Galba, Otho and Vitellius, obliges us to be a little more particular, as we could not find some of the articles specified by marks, Mr Casley, and as several of those which he declares to be entirely destroyed, may still be of some use in careful hands. Beginning therefore with Tiberius we find the division. A. Answering to the two catalogues; 12 and Speech 15 entirely destroyed; all the books damaged besides 1, 5 and 6. Yet the Do college, most damaged still capable of being read, either in part or entire.

B. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 8 still subsisting; 9, though said to Speech in verse, be burnt to a crust, very legible in the inside. C. Though nothing is Help assignment uk engineering, said of them in the account, have most of them greatly suffered by the fire. D. 6 is wanting; 9, marked with a star in the account as entirely destroyed, has been found by us. E. Answers to the catalogue compared with the report. A, B, C. Speech Written In Verse. Suffered nothing, or very little by the fire, and have been collated with Mr Smith's catalogue. D E. Answers to Mr Casley's account of the an essay on edgar allan, effect of the Speech, fire upon them. A. 6 is not found; 15 exists, though damaged; and Dissertation de philo du plan 18 which was referred to in Mr Smith's catalogue as being transferred to Caligula A.14 was reported to be lost by Mr Casley. B, C, D, E. Answer to the catalogues compared one with the other. A. According to the report consists of Speech written, 18 numbers all destroyed; yet we discovered the first part of number XII being the Life of Alfred by Someone to write on edgar allan, Asser Menevensis. C. In Verse. 1, 4 and 13, said to be destroyed, are in part legible.

The other numbers answer to the catalogue as well as. D E. Write Comment. Several bundles and loose papers not taken notice of by Speech written, Mr Casley may, in part, be recovered and read. Besides the damage done by Do college homework u get, the fire to the manuscripts in this press, it has suffered no less by the carelessness of those that have been the first employed in preserving them, as well as by the extraordinary moistness of the place. The great humidity, together with the extension of in verse, that hue, which the fire extracted from the volumes wrote on Essay writing on umbrella vellum, having rolled the edges of most of them, defaced the marks and afforded both lodging and food to numberless shoals of worms and other insects. In this state we cannot answer whether number 15, under the division C, all those that were under D, number 13 under E, and 15 and 17 under F, which were the written, only ones under the several divisions we could not find, besides those that have been marked in Mr Casley's report as entirely destroyed, may not still be recovered, at least in part, among the sad remains of this precious part of the collection. The medals or coins, of which Mr Pegge and the late worthy Mr Folkes gave some manuscript account in 1747 and Do college 1748 have been found by written, us in Dissertation de philo annonce a most confused state. In Verse. The Reverend Mr Widmore has never examined them according to Essay, these accounts, and answers only to in verse, the number, which we found to be as follows:

Pope's Heads, Seals co. Medals or English coins. The account of the Essay proofreading, charters, curiosities co. and of Major Edwards's books, we beg leave to refer to the meeting of the committee, as we have not had time hitherto to in verse, examine them. London. July 22 1756. [ The further report ] The charters, warrants, deeds and other records contained in the last press of the Cottonian cabinet might have been examined with more ease and in less time had we found them disposed in any order, properly endorsed, or at least regularly numbered and proofreading marks sufficiently described. But as nothing of all this has to our knowledge hitherto been done, and as no other assistance could be procured but the rough draft of in verse, a catalogue, which the Reverend Mr Widmore has made of them for his own use, we were obliged to look them over Write critical research paper, one by one, to pick up the written in verse, late learned Keeper's loose sheets, and to affix to every one of them a number by which they could more easily be found out. We cannot and indeed we ought not to Help with, be very particular in our account of these precious relicts, as such an account would not only be dry and tedious, but also in Speech a manner useless, since Mr Widmore has promised to Essay, lend his notes. These, though he himself modestly owns them imperfect, will still be of great use in the future arrangement of this part of the collection.

We declare that of above five hundred pieces mentioned by him in his rough draft, no more than four or five have escaped our researches. These few appeared to us to be of little consequence, to lose more time than we could spare in looking for them amidst the rubbish of bits of Speech written in verse, parchment or of paper, scorched by the fire, or consumed by old age, which Mr Widmore thought too much destroyed to be either used or described. We think however a more particular examination will be necessary, as it is not impossible but some things may still be retrieved. As this Honourable Board required from us not an accurate description but simply a general survey of the whole, we flatter ourselves that what we have said hitherto and are now going to add will in Do college u get some measure answer their intention though not our desire of fulfilling our duty. The upper part of this last press contains sixteen, and the under one seven, drawers filled with papers or parchments. Several of them being entirely relative to the Cotton family seem to be of little use to the public, and the same may be said of many more, which only serve to swell but in our opinion by no means to Speech, enrich this collection. Some capital pieces are already sufficiently known, and their importance seems to require the greatest care of them. Among them deserves the first rank, King John's famous grant of Essay, privileges, which though one of the sufferers by the fire, is still very legible, and Speech in verse would be much more so had anything been done to Do college homework, repair the damages done by this dreadful accident. We have put this piece by itself in a separate drawer, viz. no. 16 at bottom.

The explanations of Magna Carta and of that of the written in verse, Forests by Edward the First are likewise subsisting, and ought we think to be brought nearer than they now are to the preceding piece. Amongst the public records preserved in our collection, we beg leave to mention Pope Innocent's Bull containing the cession of the weak king, Robert de Bruce's claim to the crown of Scotland as laid before Edward I in French in 1297, the Essay marks, Scotch Barons' submission to the English King's determination, the declaration of John, King of France, about the quarrel between the Dukes of written, Lancaster and Brunswick in 1352, the Archbishop of Canterbury and of York's letter to Henry VIII containing their synod's compliance with his desires in the affair of the divorce with Ann of Cleves, an instrument of the Dutch commissioners in 1585 confirming the cautionary cession of some of their towns. Critical Research Paper. Some original, though not very remarkable, letters of Queen Elizabeth, Prince Maurice and in verse co. are likewise found there. The antiquity of many of the pieces contained in assignment this press is alone sufficient to render them venerable. Several of them are of the Speech written in verse, ancient Saxon and Danish kings, viz. Ethelbert, Edred, Kinewolf, Canut, Alfred and co. and must be very near a thousand years old. Historical, chronological and genealogical rolls, drawn up by annonce, monks, in Speech written the ages of ignorance and darkness, may still afford some satisfaction. Inventories of the books and Write paper effects of the several monasteries, expenses for the table of their abbots, and orders for the table of some princes, will probably likewise be examined and compared.

But what constitutes by much the greatest part of these records relates to the church, viz. Pope's Bulls, indulgences, grants and dispensations, ordinations of bishops, but especially pious gifts and grants to monasteries. Some of them have appeared in Speech written print, others have not, though deserving of that honour, and an essay proper to ascertain the titles of several churches to their estates. The antiquities contained in three or four of the drawers of Speech in verse, this press do not appear to us of very great value. Some ancient little brass statues of Egyptian or other heathen gods or heroes, a few scales, instruments, and other trinkets neither remarkable for paper their rareness or workmanship do not deserve, at least at present, a more particular description, and we already too much fear to have abused the patience of this learned assembly by our hasty and very imperfect account. London. July 30th 1756. Description in chronological order of the lists, etc., of damaged Cotton Manuscripts in written in verse Add. Someone An Essay On Edgar Allan. MS. 62576. (1) Labels from boxes containing loose fragments of Caligula D. V (f.

11) and Vitellius E. IX (f. 15). (2) Notes of lost Cotton and Royal MSS., early 19th cent.(?). ff. 59-60. (3) List by Forshall of Speech in verse, 'Saxon MSS. wanting', circa 1827. Essay Proofreading. ff. 52-52v.