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By Michael Savage. By Tommy Newberry. By James Delingpole. By Jerome Corsi. By Jack Cashill. ADDITIONAL IMPORTANT FEATURES: Democrat Barack Hussein Obama, Jr. was elected President of the United States on November 4, 2008. Prior to that, he had served four years as a U.S. Business Textbook? senator from How to write an argumentative essay viewer, Illinois (2005-2008) and eight years as an Illinois state senator (1996-2004). “In Islam, religion passes from the father to the child. Barack Hussein Obama, Sr. Writing The Argumentative Essay? [his Kenyan birth father] was a Muslim who named his boy Barack Hussein Obama, Jr. Only Muslim children are named ‘Hussein’. Viewer? [Barack Obama’s] stepfather, Lolo Soetoro, was also a Muslim.

In fact, as Obama's half-sister, Maya Soetoro-Ng explained to Jodi Kantor of the How to a cosmetology on myself New York Times : ‘My whole family was Muslim, and How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer most of the people I knew were Muslim.’ An Indonesian publication, the Banjarmasin Post reports a former classmate, Rony Amir, recalling that ‘All the relatives of Barry's [Barack’s] father were very devout Muslims.’” * As a child in Indonesia, Obama attended Koranic classes at a Muslim school known as Besuki. At tha same time, he attended the Business St. Francis of Assisi Catholic School. * In February 2009, Obama said: I was not raised in a particularly religious household. I had a father who was born a Muslim but became an atheist, grandparents who were non-practicing Methodists and Baptists, and How to essay powerpoint viewer a mother who was skeptical of Business help organized religion. I didn't become a Christian until I moved to the South Side of Chicago after college. * In a March 2009 interview, Obama's then-30-year-old half-brother, George Hussein Onyango Obama , said that “on the inside Barack Obama is write essay viewer Muslim.” * In September 2010, Obama said: I came to my Christian faith later in Business textbook life. * Author Edward Klein , while researching his 2012 book The Amateur , once asked the Rev.

Jeremiah Wright, Obama's longtime pastor at Trinity United Methodisy Church in Chicago: Did you convert Obama from Islam to How to powerpoint Christianity? Wright replied enigmatically: That's hard to tell. * Daniel Pipes writes that many pieces of evidence argue for Obama having been born and raised a Muslim Specifically, says Pipes: (1) Islam is a patrilineal religion : In Islam, the a cosmetology essay on myself father passes his faith to the children; and when a Muslim male has children with a non-Muslim female, Islam considers the children Muslim. Obama's grandfather and write an argumentative essay father having been Muslims the extent of their piety matters not at all means that, in Muslim eyes, Barack was born a Muslim. (2) Arabic forenames based on the H-S-N trilateral root : All such names (Husayn or Hussein, Hasan, Hassân, Hasanayn, Ahsan, Muhsin, and others) are exclusively bestowed on Muslim babies. (The same goes for names based on the H-M-D root.) Obama's middle name, Hussein, explicitly proclaims him a born Muslim.

(3) Registered as Muslim at SD Katolik Santo Fransiskus Asisi : Obama was registered at a Catholic school in writer Jakarta as Barry Soetoro. A surviving document correctly lists him as born in Honolulu on Aug. 4, 1961; in addition, it lists him having Indonesian nationality and Muslim religion. (4) Registered as Muslim at SD Besuki : Although Besuki (also known as SDN 1 Menteng) is a public school, Obama curiously refers to it in Audacity (p. 154) as the Muslim school he attended in Jakarta. Write Essay Viewer? Its records have not survived but several journalists (Haroon Siddiqui of the Toronto Star , Paul Watson of the Los Angeles Times , David Maraniss of the Washington Post ) have all confirmed that there too, he was registered as a Muslim. (5) Islamic class at SD Besuki : Obama mentions ( Audacity , p. 154) that at a term writer Besuki, the teacher wrote to How to write powerpoint viewer tell my mother that I made faces during Koranic studies. Pdf Vtu? Only Muslim students attended the weekly two-hour Koran class, Watson reports: two of his teachers, former Vice Principal Tine Hahiyari and third-grade teacher Effendi, said they remember clearly that at this school too, he was registered as a Muslim, which determined what class he attended during weekly religion lessons.

Muslim students were taught by a Muslim teacher, and Christian students were taught by a Christian teacher, said Effendi. Andrew Higgins of the Washington Post quotes Rully Dasaad, a former classmate, saying that Obama horsed around in an argumentative powerpoint viewer class and, during readings of the a cosmetology Koran, got laughed at How to because of his funny pronunciation. Maraniss learned that the class included not only studying how to pray and how to read the Koran, but also actually praying in the Friday communal service right on for sale lined the school grounds. (6) Mosque attendance : Maya Soetoro-Ng, Obama's younger half-sister, said her father (namely, Barack's stepfather) attended the mosque for big communal events, Barker found that Obama occasionally followed his stepfather to the mosque for Friday prayers. Watson reports: The childhood friends say Obama sometimes went to write an argumentative Friday prayers at the local mosque. We prayed but not really seriously, just following actions done by older people in the mosque. But as kids, we loved to meet our friends and went to the mosque together and played, said Zulfin Adi, who describes himself as among Obama's closest childhood friends.

Sometimes, when the muezzin sounded the call to prayer, Lolo and Barry would walk to the makeshift mosque together, Adi said. His mother often went to College zbug the church, but Barry was Muslim. He went to How to essay powerpoint viewer the mosque, Adi said. (7) Muslim clothing : Adi recalls about Hire a term writer Obama, I remember him wearing a sarong. Likewise,Maraniss found not only that His classmates recalled that Barry wore a sarong but written exchanges indicating that he continued to wear this garment in the United States.

This fact has religious implications because, in Indonesian culture, only Muslims wear sarongs. (8) Piety : Obama says that in Indonesia, he didn't practice [Islam], an assertion that inadvertently acknowledges his Muslim identity by implying he was a non-observant Muslim. How To An Argumentative? But several of textbook help those who knew him contradict this recollection. Rony Amir describes Obama as previously quite religious in Islam. A former teacher, Tine Hahiyary, quoted in the Kaltim Post , says the How to powerpoint viewer future president took part in advanced Islamic religious lessons: I remember that he had studied mengaji . In the context of Southeast Asian Islam, mengaji Quran means to recite the Koran in Arabic, a difficult task denoting advanced study. In summary, the College essay zbug record points to How to powerpoint viewer Obama having been born a Muslim to a non-practicing Muslim father and having lived for four years in a fully Muslim milieu under the auspices of his Muslim Indonesian stepfather.

For these reasons, those who knew Obama in Indonesia considered him a Muslim. * Daniel Pipes has pointed out the significance of the manner in which Obama typically addresses Muslim audiences: “When addressing Muslim audiences, Obama uses specifically Muslim phrases that recall his Muslim identity. He addressed audiences both in Writing help Cairo (in June 2009 ) and How to write essay powerpoint viewer Jakarta (in Nov. 2010 ) with 'as-salaamu alaykum,' a greeting that he, who went to Koran class, knows is textbook and support reserved for one Muslim addressing another.” Further, Pipes notes that “In Cairo, he [Obama] also deployed several other pious terms that signal to write powerpoint Muslims he is one of them: (a) 'the Holy Koran' (a term mentioned five times): an exact translation from the standard Arabic reference to Hire paper the Islamic scripture, al-Qur'an al-Karim ; (b) 'the right path': a translation of the Arabic as-sirat al-mustaqim , which Muslims ask God to guide them along each time they pray; (c) 'I have known Islam on three continents before coming to the region where it was first revealed': non-Muslims do not refer to Islam as revealed ; (d) 'the story of Isra, when Moses, Jesus, and Mohammed joined in prayer': this Koranic tale of a night journey establishes the leadership of Muhammad over all other holy figures, including Jesus; (e) 'Moses, Jesus, and Mohammed, peace be upon them': a translation of the How to an argumentative essay Arabic 'alayhim as-salam , which pious Muslims say after mentioning the names of dead prophets other than Muhammad.” * Pipes offers also the following insight about Obama's use of the phrase Peace be upon them: “Obama's saying 'Peace be upon them' has other implications beyond being a purely Islamic turn of phrase never employed by Arabic-speaking Jews and College board essay Christians. How To An Argumentative Powerpoint Viewer? First, it contradicts what a self-professed Christian believes because it implies that Jesus, like Moses and Muhammad, is dead; Christian theology holds him to have been resurrected, living, and the immortal Son of God. Textbook Help And Support? Second, including Muhammad in this blessing implies reverence for an argumentative powerpoint viewer him, something as outlandish as a Jew talking about Jesus Christ . Third, a Christian would more naturally seek peace from Jesus rather than wish peace on him.” “[Obama] drastically overestimates both the number and Research for sale the role of Muslims in the United States, announcing in June 2009 that 'if you actually took the number of Muslims Americans, we'd be one of the largest Muslim countries in the world.' (Hardly: according to How to write an argumentative powerpoint one listing of Muslim populations , the Business United States, with about 2.5 million Muslims , ranks about 47 th largest.) Three days later , he gave a bloated estimate of 'nearly 7 million American Muslims in our country today' and bizarrely announced that 'Islam has always been a part of America's story. since our founding, American Muslims have enriched the United States.' Obama also announced the How to write essay powerpoint dubious fact, in Apr. 2009 , that many Americans 'have Muslims in their families or have lived in Business a Muslim-majority country.' When ordering religious communities in the United States, Obama always gives first place to Christians but second place varies between Jews and Muslims, most notably in his Jan. 2009 inaugural speech: 'The United States is a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus and an argumentative non-believers.' Obama so wildly overestimates the Muslim role in American life that they suggest an Islamic supremacist mentality specific to someone coming from a Muslim background.” The 1970s and CPUSA Member Frank Marshall Davis: In 1971, Obama was sent back to Hawaii to be raised largely by his white, middle-class, maternal grandparents, and to attend the prestigious Punahou Academy. For only one month of help yourself his life, also when he was ten, Obama was visited by his biological father.

To avoid being mistaken for essay powerpoint viewer a sellout,I chose my friends carefully. Hire A Term Writer? The more politically active black students. The foreign students. The Chicanos.The Marxist Professors and the structural feminists and punk-rock performance poets.We smoked cigarettes and wore leather jackets. Write Essay Viewer? At night,in the dorms,we discussed neocolonialism, [the socialist, anti-colonialist revolutionary] Franz Fanon,Eurocentrism,and patriarchy. Essay Help? When we ground out our cigarettes in the hallway carpet or set our stereos so loud that the walls began to shake, we were resisting bourgeois society's stifling constraints.

We weren't indifferent or careless or insecure. We were alienated. John C. Drew's Recollections of Obama as a Student at Occidental College: What’s missing from How to write viewer, this story is that the 'social justice' young men and women were, in fact, simply left-wing socialists. They found a hero in Professor Boesche because he made complex texts easier to understand and Research because he encouraged them to fight even though they would be inevitably ground up in the gears of history. An Argumentative Essay Powerpoint? The outrage that Obama felt when he got a 'B' from Boesche was due to the idea that Obama felt he was held to a higher standard because he was a revolutionary who shared Boesche’s perspective. Obama felt he was held to a higher standard because he was one of the student[s] in greatest ideological agreement with what Professor Boesche was teaching at that time. In February 2010, John C. Mba Assignments? Drew shared the following recollections he had of How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint Obama: I met Barack Obama face-to-face later that same year in late December 1980.

By then, I was in my second year of graduate school at How to a cosmetology essay on myself Cornell. I was doing my first, official teaching. Powerpoint Viewer? The young Ann Coulter was a student in Theodore J. The Argumentative Essay Help? Lowi’s Introduction to American Government course in How to an argumentative powerpoint viewer 1980 and I was the teaching assistant responsible for guiding her small group discussion section. Business Help And Support? Back on the West Coast for Christmas break, I was visiting a girlfriend who was still attending Occidental College who introduced me to write an argumentative powerpoint 'Barry' Obama and his housemate Mohammed Hasan Chandoo, a wealthy Pakistani student. From Occidental, Obama transferred to Columbia University in New York City, where he graduated in 1983 with a degree in political science. In 1982, Obama's biological father -- Barack Obama, Sr. -- died in a car crash. In Dreams From My Father , Obama reveals that during his student years at Columbia he “went to socialist conferences at Mba assignments pdf vtu Cooper Union and write essay viewer African cultural fairs in Brooklyn.” Specifically, these were Socialist Scholars Conferences (SSC), which featured the the argumentative essay help elite of socialist academia as well as union activists, political revolutionaries, reformers, and opponents of “corporate greed.” According to the libertarian writer Trevor Loudon, guest speakers at these conferences included “members of the Communist Party USA and its offshoot, the Committees of Correspondence, as well as Maoists, Trotskyists, black radicals, gay activists and radical feminists.” Matthew Vadum and Jeremy Lott provide an excellent explanation of How to an argumentative essay viewer what a community organizer does. They write: “What does a “community organizer” do? Good question. Ever since former New York mayor Rudy Giuliani mocked Senator Barack Obama at the Republican convention in September 2008, for the senator’s community organizing past, and Alaska Governor Sarah Palin said that her previous experience as mayor was “sort of like a ‘community organizer,’ except that you have actual responsibilities,” [Obama’s] supporters have been furiously spinning this one.

They’ve suggested a fanciful interpretation of “community organizer” that includes organizing church picnics and bake sales. Some have even had the cheek to suggest that Jesus Christ was a community organizer. Dr. Thomas Sowell, the eminent Stanford University sociologist, offers this assessment of what community organizers do: For 'community organizers' . racial resentments are a stock in trade.

What does a community organizer do? What he does not do is organize a community. Hire A Term Paper? What he organizes are the an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer resentments and paranoia within a community, directing those feelings against other communities, from whom either benefits or revenge are to be gotten, using whatever rhetoric or tactics will accomplish that purpose. Political analyst Andrew McCarthy calls community organizing a gussied-up term for systematic rabble-rousing. He adds:

The quest for raw power is the gospel according to zbug the seminal organizer, Saul Alinsky. In Obama terminology, 'hope' is the possibility that power may be wrested from society’s 'haves' by infiltrating their political system. An Argumentative Viewer? Just as Willie Sutton robbed banks because that’s where the money is, organizers must target the very system they reject to lined acquire powermaking themselves attractive to the great mass of society despite having 'contemptuously rejected the values and the way of life of the middle class,' as Alinsky put it. This is the formula for How to viewer transformational 'change': the exploitation of power, once acquired, to redistribute wealth and elevate the left’s professionally aggrieved vanguard. The day after the rally, Marty [Jerry Kellman in Mba assignments pdf vtu Dreams] decided it was time for me to do some real work, and he handed me a long list of people to interview. Find out their self-interest, he said.

That’s why people become involved in organizingbecause they think they’ll get something out of How to essay it. Once I found an issue enough people cared about, I could take them into action. With enough actions, I could start to Research build power. Issues, action, power, self-interest. I liked these concepts. They bespoke a certain hardheadedness, a worldly lack of sentiment; politics, not religion. Obama's expenses at write an argumentative essay powerpoint DCP were signed and approved by the late Cardinal Joseph Bernardin, a far-leftist who founded the Catholic Campaign for Human Development (CCHD); who famously credited Mikhail Gorbachev, not Reagan or John Paul II, with having brought about the collapse of the Soviet Union; and who called for Hire a term paper a “consistent ethic of life,” in an effort to an argumentative essay viewer persuade anti-abortion Catholics to likewise embrace pacifism and wealth redistribution.

He pursued manifestly worthy goals; protecting people from Mba assignments, asbestos in government housing projects is an argumentative powerpoint viewer obviously a good thing and a responsibility of the government that built them. But [in every case except one] the proposed solution to every problem on How to write a cosmetology essay on myself the South Side was a distribution of government funds . [5] Nor was Obama reluctant to use intimidation as a tactic. Write Powerpoint? In one instance, he personally orchestrated a demonstration in which scores of protestors broke into a private meeting between bank executives and local community leaders, menacing them as they attempted to Mba assignments negotiate a deal vis a vis a controversial landfill issue. In 1987, when Obama was executive director of DCP, he asked Chicago mayor Harold Washington to support a community organizing project whose advisory board would include Obama's pastor Jeremiah Wright, the How to essay powerpoint leftist Catholic priest Michael Pfleger, Illinois State Senator Emil Jones, and John Ayers (brother of former Weather Underground terrorist Bill Ayers). In a followup letter addressed to Washington’s assistant three days later, Obama again laid out the argumentative essay his plans and an argumentative included a list of his advisory council members. Trained in the Saul Alinsky Method: Three of Obama's mentors in Chicago were trained at the Saul Alinsky-founded Industrial Areas Foundation (IAF) in the Windy City. (The Developing Communities Project itself was an affiliate of the Gamaliel Foundation, whose modus operandi for the creation of “a more just and a term paper democratic society” is rooted firmly in the Alinsky method.) Alinsky was known for having helped to establish the How to write powerpoint viewer aggressive political tactics that characterized the 1960s, and textbook and support which have remained central to all subsequent revolutionary movements in the United States. He was a natural, the undisputed master of agitation, who could engage a room full of recruiting targets in an argumentative a rapid-fire Socratic dialogue, nudging them to admit that they were not living up to their own standards. As with the panhandler, he could be aggressive and confrontational.

With probing, sometimes personal questions, he would pinpoint the source of pain in their lives, tearing down their egos just enough before dangling a carrot of hope that they could make things better. For several years, Obama himself taught workshops on the Alinsky method. “Grass-roots community organizing builds on indigenous leadership and direct action. The debate as to how black and other dispossessed people can forward their lot in the argumentative help America is not new. From W. How To Write Powerpoint? E. B. DuBois to Hire a term paper writer Booker T. Washington to Marcus Garvey to Malcolm X to Martin Luther King, this internal debate has raged between integration and nationalism, between accommodation and militancy, between sit-down strikes and boardroom negotiations. The lines between these strategies have never been simply drawn, and the most successful black leadership has recognized the need to bridge these seemingly divergent approaches. Author Andrew McCarthy makes the following observations about Obama's words: Breathtaking. How To Write An Argumentative Essay Powerpoint Viewer? Lawfulness and lawlessness, thuggishness and regular politicswe’re not to divine any moral or ethical differences.

They are just different 'approaches' to How to essay on myself empowerment. They only 'seem' to How to an argumentative essay viewer be 'divergent.' It may be important to maintain the veneer of respect for legal processes, but it is Hire a term paper writer just as legitimate to write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer stretch or break the rules whenever necessary to achieve the desired outcomesocial justice being a higher form of legitimacy than society’s rule of law. Separatism, menacing, and a term paper civil disobedience: none of these is beyond the viewer pale; they are simply choices on Business help the hard power menu Obama 'bridges' with soft power (i.e., the How to an argumentative essay viewer system’s mundane legal and political processes). As a young community organizer, Obama had close connections to the Midwest Academy, a radical training ground for activists of his political ilk. Business Textbook Help? Probably the most influential community-organizing-related entity in America at that time, the Midwest Academy worked closely with the DSA and synthesized Saul Alinsky’s organizing techniques with the practical considerations of electoral politics. Emphasizing “class consciousness” and “movement history,” the Academy’s training programs exposed students to How to write the efforts and achievements of veteran activists from earlier decades. Recurring “socialism sessions,” taught by Heather Booth, encompassed everything from Marx and Engels through Michael Harrington’s democratic socialism and the factional struggles of the Students for Mba assignments pdf vtu a Democratic Society, a radical organization that aspired to remake America’s government in How to write essay powerpoint viewer a Marxist image. Pdf Vtu? Knowing that many Americans would be unreceptive to straightforward, hard-left advocacy, the How to write an argumentative powerpoint viewer Midwest Academy in its formative years was careful not to Research paper for sale explicitly articulate its socialist ideals in its organizing and training activities. How To Essay Powerpoint Viewer? The group’s inner circle was wholly committed to a term building a socialist mass movement, but stealthily rather than overtly. As Midwest Academy trainer Steve Max and write powerpoint viewer the prominent socialist Harry Boyte agreed in a private correspondence: “Every social proposal that we make must be [deceptively] couched in College board terms of how it will strengthen capitalism.” This strategy of How to write essay viewer hiding its own socialist agendas below the proverbial radar, earned the Academy the designation “crypto-socialist organization” from Stanley Kurtz. “Nearly every thread of Obama’s career runs directly or indirectly through the Midwest Academy,” says Kurtz, and, as such, it represents “the hidden key to Barack Obama’s political career.” The author elaborates: “Obama’s organizing mentors had ties to [the Midwest Academy]; Obama’s early funding was indirectly controlled by it; evidence strongly suggests that Obama himself received training there; both Barack and Michelle Obama ran a project called ‘Public Allies’ that was effectively an extension of the Midwest Academy; Obama’s first run for public office was sponsored by Business and support, Academy veteran Alice Palmer; and Obama worked closely at two foundations for years with yet another veteran organizer from the Midwest Academy, Ken Rolling.

Perhaps more important, Barack Obama’s approach to write politics is Business textbook clearly inspired by that of the Midwest Academy.” Obama and How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer the Alliance for Better Chicago Schools: In 1988 Obama applied for admission to Writing the argumentative essay help Harvard Law School. At the time, a Muslim attorney and black nationalist named Khalid Abdullah Tariq al-Mansour asked civil rights activist Percy Sutton to send a letter of recommendation to write an argumentative powerpoint his (Sutton's) friends at Harvard on Obama's behalf. In an interview published by the Daily Herald on March 3, 1990, Barck Obama said: I feel good when I'm engaged in what I think are the core issues of the essay zbug society, and those core issues to me are what's happening to poor folks in this society. There's certainly racism here [at Harvard Law School]. There are certain burdens that are placed [on blacks], more emotionally at this point than concretely.

Hopefully, more and How to an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer more people will begin to feel their story is somehow part of this larger story of how we're going to reshape America in a way that is less mean-spirited and more generous. I mean, I really hope to be part of a transformation of this country. In May 2012, Breitbart News reported that it had obtained a 36-page promotional booklet produced in 1991 by Barack Obama's then-literary agency, Acton Dystel, which stated that Obama was born in Kenya and raised in Indonesia and Hawaii. The booklet, which was distributed to people in the publishing industry, includes a brief biography of Obama and 89 other authors represented by a term writer, Acton Dystel. Obama’s biography in an argumentative powerpoint viewer the booklet reads as follows: Barack Obama, the first African-American president of the Harvard Law Review , was born in Kenya and raised in Indonesia and Hawaii.

The son of an American anthropologist and a Kenyan finance minister, he attended Columbia University and worked as a financial journalist and editor for Business International Corporation. He served as project coordinator in Research paper for sale Harlem for the New York Public Interest Research Group, and was Executive Director of the Developing Communities Project in Chicago’s South Side. His commitment to social and write racial issues will be evident in help his first book, Journeys in an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer Black and Business textbook and support White . The booklet also included biographies of such notable authors as former Speaker of the How to essay powerpoint House Tip O’Neill, sports legends Joe Montana and Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, and a number of textbook Hollywood celebrities. Jay Acton (of Acton Dystel) told Breitbart News that the booklet had cost the agency tens of thousands of write essay viewer dollars to pdf vtu produce. He said that while almost nobody wrote his or her own biography, the How to an argumentative viewer non-athletes in College the booklet were probably approached to approve the text as presented.

His most traditional course was in the due process and equal protection areas of constitutional law. His voting rights class traced the evolution of election law, from the disenfranchisement of blacks to contemporary debates over districting and campaign finance. His most original course, a historical and political seminar as much as a legal one, was on racism and How to write essay powerpoint law [In] one class on race, he imitated the way clueless white people talked. Paper For Sale? 'Why are your friends at the housing projects shooting each other?' he asked in a mock-innocent voice. . Mr. Obama was especially eager for his charges to understand the horrors of the past, students say. Write An Argumentative? He assigned a 1919 catalog of lynching victims, including some who were first raped or stripped of their ears and fingers, others who were pregnant or lynched with their children, and some whose charred bodies were sold off, bone fragment by bone fragment, to gawkers. 'Are there legal remedies that alleviate not just existing racism, but racism from the past?' Adam Gross, now a public interest lawyer in essay Chicago, wrote in write an argumentative essay his class notes in April 1994. Liberals flocked to Business help and support his classes[.] After all, the professor was a progressive politician[.] . Karen McQuillan writes, in How to write an argumentative viewer American Thinker , that Obama was a lecturer, and not a full professor, because he did not have the qualifications to be a professor. Adds McQuillan: Obama never published a single law paper. He was hired by the University of Chicago when they learned he had been given a book contract on race and law directly after graduating from Harvard. There was no book just the contract, which he later reneged on.

This is Business textbook help and support not the normal level of How to powerpoint viewer accomplishment for a University of textbook help Chicago professor or even lecturer. Introduction to ACORN and Project Vote: In the early to mid-1990s, Obama worked with ACORN, a grassroots political organization that grew out of George Wiley's National Welfare Rights Organization (NWRO). In the late 1960s and early 70s, NWRO members had invaded welfare offices across the U.S. -- often violently -- bullying social workers and loudly demanding every penny to which the law “entitled” them. [6] Litigator for Davis, Miner, Barnhill Galland, P.C .: In 1993 Barack Obama took a job as a litigator of voting rights and employment cases with the law firm Davis, Miner, Barnhill Galland, P.C. (a.k.a.

Davis Miner). That same year, he also became a lecturer at the University of Chicago Law School. Obama -- along with such notables as Al Sharpton and Jeremiah Wright -- helped organize the October 1995 Million Man March in Washington, DC, which featured Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan. Said Obama in How to essay powerpoint the immediate aftermath of the March: “What I saw was a powerful demonstration of an lined, impulse and need for African-American men to come together to How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer recognize each other and essay zbug affirm our rightful place in the society. Historically, African-Americans have turned inward and towards black nationalism whenever they have a sense, as we do now, that the mainstream has rebuffed us, and that white Americans couldn’t care less about the profound problems African-Americans are facing.” Obama Smears White Executives in the Suburbs: I worked as a community organizer in How to write an argumentative powerpoint Chicago.

I was very active in low-income neighborhoods, working on issues of crime and education and employment, and seeing that in some ways, certain portions of the for sale African American community are doing as bad if not worse, and recognizing that my fate remained tied up with their fates, that my individual salvation is write essay not going to come about without a collective salvation for the country. Unfortunately I think that recognition requires that we make sacrifices, and How to write a cosmetology this country has not always been willing to make the write essay sacrifices necessary to textbook and support bring about a new day and a new age. By no means was this the only time Obama spoke about collective salvation. Write An Argumentative Essay Viewer? In a 1998 radio interview he said: . my individual salvation is not going to come about without a collective salvation for the country. Um, unfortunately I think that recognition requires that we make sacrifices and the argumentative help this country has not always been willing to make the sacrifices necessary to bring about a new day and write an argumentative a new age. Obama Identifies White Suppression of Blacks As a Problem in the United States, As Elsewhere: . [T]he truth of the matter is that many of the problems that Africa faces, whether it's poverty or political suppression or ethnic conflict is just as prominent there and can't all be blamed on essay yourself the effects of colonialism. What it can be blamed on an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer is some of the common factors that affect Bosnia or Los Angeles or all kinds of College board essay zbug places on this earth, and that is the tendency for one group to try to How to essay viewer suppress another group in Writing the argumentative essay the interest of power or greed or resources or what have you. In an environment of scarcity, where the cost of living is rising, folks begin to get angry and bitter and look for write scapegoats. Paper? Historically, instead of looking at essay viewer the top 5% of this country that controls all the wealth, we turn towards each other, and Writing the argumentative essay help the Republicans have added to the fire. In that same interview, Obama said that his perspective on the “top 5%” had been shaped by his experiences abroad: It's about viewer power.

My travels made me sensitive to the plight of How to write those without power and write an argumentative the issues of class and inequalities as it relates to Writing the argumentative yourself wealth and power. Anytime you have been overseas in these so-called third world countries, one thing you see is the How to an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer vast disparity of wealth of those who are part of power structure and those outside of it. Bill Ayers, Bernardine Dohrn, and Obama's Entry into Politics: In the help mid-1990s, Obama developed a friendship with fellow Chicagoans Bill Ayers and an argumentative essay powerpoint his wife Bernardine Dohrn, university professors who hosted a fundraiser at their home to introduce Obama to Research paper lined their neighbors during his first run for the Illinois state senate in 1996. (This fundraiser was likely organized by the socialist New Party.) Ayers (who contributed money to How to essay powerpoint Obama’s 1996 campaign) and Dohrn had been leaders of the 1960s domestic terrorist group Weatherman, a Communist-driven splinter faction of for sale Students for a Democratic Society. The pair had participated personally in the bombings of New York City Police Headquarters in 1970, the essay viewer Capitol building in 1971, and the Pentagon in write 1972. To this day, both have remained unrepentant about their former terrorist activities and their hatred of the How to an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer United States. [9] “This is a guy who lives in my neighborhood, who is Hire a professor of English in Chicago, who I know, and who I have not received some official endorsement from.

He is How to write an argumentative essay viewer not somebody who I exchange ideas from [with] on a regular basis. And the notion that somehow, as a consequence of me knowing somebody who engaged in detestable acts forty years ago when I was eight years old, somehow reflects on me and my values doesn't make much sense [T]his kind of game, in which anybody who I know, regardless of how flimsy the relationship is, [that] somehow their ideas could be attributed to me, I think the American people are smarter than that. They’re not gonna suggest somehow that that is reflective of Business textbook help my views, because it obviously isn’t.” Chicago Annenberg Challenge and Bill Ayers: But in reality, Obama's ties to write an argumentative viewer Ayers were deep and longstanding. In 1995, for Hire paper instance, Obama was appointed as the first Chairman of the Chicago Annenberg Challenge (CAC), a “school reform organization” founded by Ayers, who would later write, in his book Teaching Toward Freedom , that his educational objective was to “teach against oppression” as embodied in “America’s history of evil and racism, thereby forcing social transformation.” “Ayers made presentations to board meetings chaired by Obama. Ayers also spoke for the Chicago School Reform Collaborative before Obama's board, while Obama periodically spoke for How to write the board at meetings of the collaborative According to the documents, the CAC granted money to far-leftist causes, such as the radical Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now, or ACORN, which has done work on a term behalf of Obama's presidential campaign.” WorldNetDaily reported further that “while Obama chaired the board of the CAC, more than $600,000 was granted to an organization founded by Ayers and run by essay, Mike Klonsky, a former top communist activist.

Klonsky was leader of the Marxist-Leninist Communist Party, which was effectively recognized by China as the all-but-official U.S. College Board? Maoist party.” Said Stanley Kurtz: “Instead of funding schools directly, [the CAC] required schools to affiliate with ‘external partners,’ which actually got the write an argumentative essay money. Proposals from groups focused on math/science achievement were turned down. College Essay Zbug? Instead CAC disbursed money through various far-left community organizers, such as ACORN.” Kurtz has provided the following synopsis of the essay viewer CAC/Ayers agendas: The CAC's agenda flowed from Mr. Mba Assignments Pdf Vtu? Ayers's educational philosophy, which called for infusing students and their parents with a radical political commitment, and which downplayed achievement tests in favor of activism. In the mid-1960s, Mr. Ayers taught at a radical alternative school, and served as a community organizer in Cleveland's ghetto. Between 1995 and 1999, Obama and CAC distributed $110 million to How to write an argumentative powerpoint a variety of leftist education enterprises for experiments in Chicago's public schools. During his time teaching at the University of Chicago, Obama told then-colleague John Lott directly: “I don’t believe people should be able to own guns.”

Obama Endorses Ayers' Book: In December 1997 Obama wrote a blurb praising Ayers' recently published book, A Kind and Just Parent: The Children of Hire paper writer Juvenile Court , calling it a searing and timely account of the juvenile court system, and the courageous individuals who rescue hope from despair. A notable attendee at How to an argumentative essay viewer the aforementioned political gatherings which Ayers and How to a cosmetology essay Dohrn hosted on behalf of Obama (in the mid-1990s) was Democratic state senator Alice J. Palmer (of Illinois’ 13th District), who quickly developed a friendly relationship with Obama. Prior to her stint in How to politics, Palmer had worked for the Black Press Institute and was editor of the Black Press Review . During the Mba assignments Cold War, she supported the Soviet Union and spoke out against the United States. In the 1980s she served as an executive board member of the U.S. Peace Council, which the FBI identified as a Communist front group (and which was an How to write an argumentative powerpoint, affiliate of the Writing the argumentative help yourself World Peace Council, an How to powerpoint viewer, international Soviet front). Palmer participated in the World Peace Council’s Prague assembly in 1983 -- just as the USSR was launching its “nuclear freeze” movement, a scheme that would have frozen Soviet nuclear and military superiority in place. Obama Betrays Palmer: But in for sale November 1995, Jesse Jackson, Jr. defeated Palmer in a special election for How to write essay powerpoint viewer Reynolds’ empty congressional seat. At that point, Palmer filed to retain the Democratic nomination for the state senate seat she had encouraged Obama to the argumentative yourself pursue; that seat would be up for write an argumentative viewer grabs in the November 1996 elections.

She asked Obama to politely withdraw from the race and offered to help him find an alternative position elsewhere. In 1995 Barack Obama sought the endorsement of the so-called New Party for his 1996 state senate run. He was successful in obtaining that endorsement, and he used a number of Mba assignments New Party volunteers as campaign workers. Obama was involved as early as 1993, with a New Party sister organization - Progressive Chicago. This organization was formed by members of the New Party as a support group for progressive candidates.

It's main instigators included New Party members Madeline Talbott of write an argumentative essay Chicago ACORN and Dan Swinney, a Chicago labor unionist. Barack Obama was probably approached to join Progressive Chicago as early April 7, 1993, as this unsigned handwritten note suggests [see image here]. According to the same note Obama was more than happy to be involved [see image here]. By September 1993 Obama was one of pdf vtu 17 people listed as a signatory on all Progressive Chicago letters - as shown by the second page of write essay this September 22 Progressive Chicago letter to Joe Gardner [see image here]. It appears beyond doubt that Barack Obama was involved, more than two years before his Illinois State Senate run, with a New Party founded, sister organization - Progressive Chicago.

In a 2010 interview, Carl Davidson, a Marxist activist who helped establish the New Party, recalled Obama's involvement with the New Party: A subcommittee met with [Obama] to College essay interview him to see if his stand on the living wage and similar reforms was the same as ours. We determined that our views on How to essay these overlapped, and we could endorse his campaign in Writing yourself the Democratic Party. Recently obtained evidence from the How to write an argumentative powerpoint updated records of Illinois ACORN at the Wisconsin Historical Society now definitively establishes that Obama was a member of the New Party. He also signed a 'contract' promising to publicly support and associate himself with the New Party while in a cosmetology on myself office. Barack Obama, candidate for State Senate in the 13th Legislative District, gave a statement to write an argumentative essay powerpoint the membership and answered questions. He signed the New Party 'Candidate Contract' and paper lined requested an endorsement from the an argumentative powerpoint viewer New Party. He also joined the New Party. Consistent with this, a roster of the Business Chicago chapter of the How to an argumentative New Party from early 1997 lists Obama as a member, with January 11, 1996, indicated as the date he joined. Obama Calls for Collective Action; Says the Christian Right is Characterized by Intolerance and Narrow-mindedness; Blames Society for paper for sale lined Failing to How to an argumentative powerpoint Educate Teens Who Get in essay Trouble:

In a 1995 story in the Chicago Reader , Obama was quoted saying: In America, we have this strong bias toward individual action. You know, we idolize the John Wayne hero who comes in to correct things with both guns blazing. But individual actions, individual dreams, are not sufficient. We must unite in collective action, build collective institutions and organizations. The right wing talks about this but they keep appealing to that old individualistic bootstrap myth: get a job, get rich, and get out. Instead of investing in How to write an argumentative our neighborhoods, that's what has always happened.

Our goal must be to help people get a sense of building something larger. People are hungry for community; they miss it. They are hungry for change. The Marxist Carl Davidson and Obama's 1996 State Senate Run: Obama’s 1996 senate campaign also secured the endorsement of the Democratic Socialists of America (DSA), the largest socialist organization in the United States and the principal U.S. affiliate of the Socialist International. Obama’s affiliation with DSA was longstanding, as evidenced by his reference, in Dreams From My Father , to the fact that during his student years at Columbia University he “went to College essay socialist conferences at Cooper Union,” a privately funded college for the advancement of science and art. From the write viewer early 1980s until 2004, Cooper Union had served as the usual venue of the annual Socialist Scholars Conference. According to Mba assignments Trevor Loudon, guest speakers at write an argumentative essay viewer these conferences included “members of the Communist Party USA and its offshoot, the Committees of Correspondence, as well as Maoists, Trotsyists, black radicals, gay activists and radical feminists.” London observes that “Obama speaks of ‘ conferences ’ plural, indicating [that] his attendance was not the paper lined result of accident or youthful curiosity.” So, what’s in the play? It truly is a love song to write an argumentative essay powerpoint Alinsky.

In the essay zbug first few minutes of the play, Alinsky plays Moses yes, the write an argumentative powerpoint viewer Biblical Moses talking to God. Pdf Vtu? The play glorifies Alinsky stealing food from viewer, restaurants and organizing others to do the same, explaining, 'I saw it as a practical use of College essay zbug social ecology: you had members of the intellectual community, the hope of the future, eating regularly for six months, staying alive till they could make their contributions to society.' Joining Obama on the discussion panel were the following individuals: Also in How to essay 1937, Despres and his wife met with, and delivered a suitcase of “clothing” to, Leon Trotsky, who was then in Mexico City, hiding from Stalin’s assassins. The Joyce Foundation:

I Actually Believe in Redistribution: At an October 19, 1998 conference at Loyola University, Barack Obama said: There has been a systematic . propaganda campaign against lined, the possibility of government action and its efficacy. And I think some of it has been deserved. The trick is, how do we structure government systems that pool resources and hence facilitate some redistribution, because I actually believe in redistribution, at least at a certain level, to How to write make sure that everybody's got a shot. “to the extent that we are doing research figuring out what kinds of government action would successfully make their [the working poor's] lives better, we are then putting together a potential majority coalition to pdf vtu move those agendas forward”; the one good thing that comes out of [the welfare-reform bill of 1996] is that it essentially desegregates the welfare population,” merging urban blacks with “the working poor, which are the How to write an argumentative other people; and such a coalition becomes one batch of textbook help folks . that is increasingly a majority population” whose policy needs would grow to write powerpoint encompass health care, job training, education, and writer a system where government would “provide effective child care.” The Woods Fund of Chicago and Bill Ayers: Obama also had been a board member of the Woods Fund of an argumentative viewer Chicago since 1993. In 1999 he was joined on this board by Bill Ayers, who would serve alongside Obama until the latter left the Fund in December 2002. (In 2002 -- while Obama was still on board the board -- the Woods Fund made a grant to Northwestern University Law School's Children and Family Justice Center, where Ayers' wife, Bernardine Dohrn, was employed.) In 2000, Obama ran against former Black Panther and incumbent congressman Bobby Rush in the Democratic Primary for the U.S. House of Representatives. Rush denounced Obama as an “elitist” who “wasn’t black enough,” and crushed him by nearly a two-to-one vote margin.

Obama returned to the Illinois state senate for another four-year term. As noted earlier, during his state senate years Obama was a lecturer at How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer the University of Chicago law school, where he became friendly with Rashid Khalidi, a professor in Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations. Obama and his wife were regular dinner guests at Khalidi’s Hyde Park home. Khalidi and his wife Mona had founded in 1995 the Arab American Action Network (AAAN), noted for Research paper lined its contention that Arab Americans face widespread discrimination in the United States, and for its view that Israel’s creation in 1948 was a catastrophe for essay powerpoint Arab people. In 2001 and again in Mba assignments 2002, the Woods Fund of Chicago, while Obama served on its board, made grants totaling $75,000 to AAAN. Shortly after Obama’s unsuccessful run for Congress in 2000, he was deeply in write an argumentative powerpoint debt, with little cash at write on myself his disposal (his annual part-time salary as a state senator was $58,000) and a stagnant law practice that he had largely neglected during a year of political campaigning. “Even as I hope for write essay viewer some measure of yourself peace and an argumentative essay powerpoint comfort to a cosmetology essay the bereaved families, I must also hope that we as a nation draw some measure of write powerpoint viewer wisdom from this tragedy. Certain immediate lessons are clear, and we must act upon those lessons decisively. We need to pdf vtu step up security at our airports. An Argumentative? We must reexamine the College board essay zbug effectiveness of our intelligence networks. And we must be resolute in identifying the write essay powerpoint viewer perpetrators of these heinous acts and dismantling their organizations of destruction.

Depicting America as a Racially and Writing the argumentative essay yourself Economically Unjust Society: Obama was an How to write an argumentative essay viewer, outspoken opponent of the Iraq War ever since it was first discussed as a possible means of unseating Saddam Hussein from power. On October 2, 2002, Obama gave an antiwar speech alongside Jesse Jackson on the very day that President Bush and Congress agreed on board essay zbug a joint resolution authorizing the use of force against Iraq. It was with this speech that Obama first caught the attention of the American public. Now, let me be clear I suffer no illusions about Saddam Hussein. An Argumentative Essay Powerpoint? He is a brutal man. A ruthless man.

A man who butchers his own people to secure his own power. He has repeatedly defied U.N. resolutions, thwarted U.N. inspection teams, developed chemical and biological weapons, and Business coveted nuclear capacity. He's a bad guy. Write? The world, and the Iraqi people, would be better off without him. Also in his 2002 speech, Obama said that instead of using force to depose Saddam, America should “fight” for democratic reforms in the Middle East, for stronger international nuclear safeguards, and for energy independence: “Those are the battles that we need to Research for sale fight. An Argumentative Essay Powerpoint Viewer? Those are the essay battles that we willingly join the battles against an argumentative viewer, ignorance and intolerance, corruption and greed. Business And Support? Poverty and How to write powerpoint viewer despair.” In July 2004, Obama delivered the keynote address at Research paper for sale lined the Democratic National Convention in Boston.

He used the speech to introduce himself to write an argumentative essay powerpoint a national audience while impugning the Bush administration and the War in Iraq. In 2004 Obama ran for one of Illinois’ two seats in the U.S. Senate. The Chicago Tribune endorsed Obama’s campaign. More importantly, the Tribune persuaded a Democrat-appointed judge in California to open the sealed divorce records of Obama’s Republican opponent to the media.

The resulting sex scandal, based on allegations in a cosmetology essay the divorce records by a Hollywood actress eager to prevent her ex-husband from getting custody of their children, prompted the Republican to resign from the race. One month before the 2004 Democratic primary for the U.S. Senate, Obama was down in the polls, about to lose to Blair Hull, a multimillionaire securities trader. But then the Chicago Tribune leaked the claim that Hull’s second ex-wife, Brenda Sexton, had sought an order of protection against an argumentative viewer, him during their 1998 divorce proceedings. Obama then used similar techniques to win the general election, as Human Events again explains: As luck would have it, Obama’s opponent in the general election had also been divorced! Jack Ryan was tall, handsome, Catholic and shared a name with one of Research paper lined Harrison Ford’s most popular onscreen characters! He went to Dartmouth, Harvard Law and Harvard Business School, made hundreds of millions of dollars as a partner at Goldman Sachs, and How to write an argumentative viewer then, in his early 40s, left investment banking to teach at an inner city school on the South Side of Chicago. With a $10 million campaign war chest from contributors, and with no Republican opponent who could garner much support, Obama had an open road to become the pdf vtu next U.S. Senator from Illinois.

His friend and write an argumentative essay political supporter, the longtime Chicago alderwoman Dorothy Tillman, helped him win the voting in Chicago’s predominantly black wards. He also received valuable backing from the Jesse Jacksons, Junior and Senior, and Rev. Jackson’s Rainbow Coalition. In March 2005 Obama joined forces with the Web-based, grassroots political network MoveOn -- which seeks to use its fundraising clout to push the Democratic Party ever further to the political left -- in an effort to raise campaign money for West Virginia Senator Robert Byrd’s 2006 reelection bid. Research For Sale? In a letter to How to essay viewer MoveOn members, Obama wrote: “You and millions of others, working through MoveOn, have helped change the How to way politics works in this country.” In a 2005 commencement address, Obama described the conservative philosophy of government as one that promises “to give everyone one big refund on their government, divvy it up by individual portions, in the form of essay tax breaks, hand it out, and encourage everyone to use their share to go buy their own health care, their own retirement plan, their own child care, their own education, and Hire a term paper writer so on.” “In Washington,” said Obama, “they call this the Ownership Society. But in How to essay powerpoint our past there has been another term for it, Social Darwinism, every man or woman for him or herself. It's a tempting idea, because it doesn't require much thought or ingenuity.”

The fact that Obama socialized with Ayers and Dohrn contradicts the statement that Obama campaign spokesman Ben LaBolt gave the New York Times in 2008: 'Mr. LaBolt said the men . have not spoken by phone or exchanged e-mail messages since Mr. Hire A Term Writer? Obama began serving in the United States Senate in January 2005 and last met more than a year ago when they bumped into each other on the street in Hyde Park.' Obama Accuses the Bush Administration of Racism: In September 2005, Obama spoke at a town hall meeting of the How to an argumentative viewer Congressional Black Caucus. Nominally devoted to the subject of “eradicating poverty,” the meeting was replete with condemnations of Mba assignments President George W. An Argumentative Essay? Bush, the Republican Party, and America’s purportedly intractable racial inequities.

Obama stopped short of suggesting that the Mba assignments allegedly slow federal response to the victims of Hurricane Katrina (which had devastated New Orleans and the Gulf Coast earlier that month) -- especially black victims -- was motivated by racism. But he nonetheless claimed that racism was the cause of what he perceived to How to an argumentative essay powerpoint be the Business and support Bush administration’s lack of How to write an argumentative viewer sensitivity to the struggles of African Americans generally: “The incompetence was colorblind. What wasn’t colorblind was the indifference. Human efforts will always pale in comparison to nature’s forces. But [the Bush administration] is a set of folks who simply don’t recognize what’s happening in large parts of the country.” Blacks in hurricane-hit areas were poor, Obama further charged, because of the Bush administration’s “decision to give tax breaks to essay zbug Paris Hilton instead of providing child care and education ” Obama Advocates Welfare State; Says Much Success Is Due to How to powerpoint viewer “Blind Luck”: Obama Endorses Dorothy Tillman, Proponent of Reparations and Admirer of Louis Farrakhan: In 2006 Obama endorsed the aforementioned Dorothy Tillman in the Third Ward race for the Chicago City Council. A passionate admirer of write essay on myself Louis Farrakhan, Tillman was a leading proponent of reparations for slavery.

Claiming that America remains “one of the essay powerpoint cruelest nations in the world when it comes to black folks,” Tillman continues to declare that the zbug U.S. Write An Argumentative Essay Viewer? “owes blacks a debt.” In December of 2006, Obama, who by then was contemplating a run for the presidency, met in New York with billionaire financier George Soros, who previously had hosted a fundraiser for Obama during the latter’s 2004 campaign for the U.S. Senate. promoting the view that America is College board essay zbug institutionally an oppressive nation promoting the election of leftist political candidates throughout the an argumentative essay United States opposing virtually all post-9/11 national security measures enacted by Research paper for sale lined, U.S. government, particularly the Patriot Act depicting American military actions as unjust, unwarranted, and immoral promoting open borders, mass immigration, and a watering down of How to essay powerpoint viewer current immigration laws promoting a dramatic expansion of social welfare programs funded by ever-escalating taxes promoting social welfare benefits and amnesty for illegal aliens defending suspected anti-American terrorists and their abetters financing the recruitment and training of future activist leaders of the political Left advocating America’s unilateral disarmament and/or a steep reduction in its military spending opposing the death penalty in all circumstances promoting socialized medicine in the United States promoting the tenets of radical environmentalism, whose ultimate goal, as writer Michael Berliner has explained, is “not clean air and clean water, [but] rather . the demolition of technological/industrial civilization” bringing American foreign policy under the control of the United Nations promoting racial and ethnic preferences in Mba assignments pdf vtu academia and the business world alike promoting taxpayer-funded abortion-on-demand advocating stricter gun-control measures advocating the legalization of marijuana. Obama's Activities in Support of a Socialist Bidding to Be Elected President of Kenya: McCarthy says Obama undermined U.S. How To An Argumentative Essay Powerpoint Viewer? relations with a strong antiterrorism ally in an African region where al-Qaida operates. In 2006 . Obama campaigned for a pro-communist candidate running against Nairobi's pro-American government 'in outrageous contravention of U.S. policy and, probably, federal law.'

Running for President: On January 16, 2007, Obama announced the creation of Research lined a presidential exploratory committee. Within hours after the announcement, Soros sent the How to write senator a contribution of How to write essay on myself $2,100, the maximum amount allowable under campaign finance laws. Later that week, the How to write powerpoint New York Daily News reported that Soros would back Obama over Senator Hillary Clinton, whom he had supported in the past. Obama’s wife Michelle quickly emerged as one of the a term new candidate’s most vocal campaigners. In a February 2007 appearance with her husband on the television program 60 Minutes , Mrs. Obama implied that America’s allegedly rampant white racism posed a great physical threat to her husband. Said Mrs. Obama: “As a black man, you know, Barack can get shot going to the gas station.” In April 2007, Obama addressed the activist Al Sharpton’s National Action Network, telling an How to write powerpoint viewer, overflow crowd of yourself listeners about his success as an Illinois lawmaker in making health insurance available to children and reducing the cost of prescription drugs for senior citizens.

He also expressed his opposition to racial profiling in law enforcement, detailing how he had helped pass legislation against the practice. In addition, he asserted that society must help ex-convicts escape an How to an argumentative essay, “economic death sentence” by securing jobs for them when they leave prison. “Jackie Kendall, executive director of the Midwest Academy, was on the team that developed and delivered the first Camp Obama training for volunteers aiding Obama’s campaign through the 2008 Iowa Caucuses. Hans Riemer, who served as national youth vote director for the Obama campaign, said of the camp: 'We are training them, teaching them how to be effective, showing them what their role is in our strategy to win the election We’re taking people from raw enthusiasm to capable organizers.' Support from Jodie Evans of Code Pink:

In February 2007, Evans co-hosted (along with her now-deceased husband Max Palevsky and the Dreamworks team of Steven Spielberg, David Geffen and zbug Jeffrey Katzenberg) a key Obama fundraiser just weeks after he announced his presidential candidacy. Evans donated the How to an argumentative essay viewer maximum $2,300 to Obama’s campaign. In April 2007, the Obama campaign announced that Evans was one of its early fundraising bundlers. In June 2008, Evans met with Obama at a high-priced fundraiser. In late August 2008, Evans attended the Democratic National Convention and, because of her status as a bundler, was invited to two private receptions with Obama and his running mate, Joe Biden. In September 2008, Evans attended two exclusive Hollywood fundraisers with Obama. Two weeks later, she met with Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad in How to a cosmetology essay New York City.

In October 2008, Evans worked with Code Pink’s Los Angeles chapter on a get-out-the-vote campaign in Obama's behalf. Robert Malley and the Hamas Incident: In 2007 Obama appointed Robert Malley, the Middle East and North Africa Program Director for the International Crisis Group, as a foreign policy advisor to his campaign. ICG receives funding from the Open Society Institute (whose founder, George Soros, serves on the ICG Board and Executive Committee). How To Write Powerpoint Viewer? Prior to joining ICG, Malley had served as President Bill Clinton’s Special Assistant for Arab-Israeli Affairs (1998-2001); National Security Advisor Sandy Berger’s Executive Assistant (1996-1998); and the National Security Council’s Director for Democracy, Human Rights, and Humanitarian Affairs (1994-1996). Malley’s father, Simon Malley, had been a key figure in the Egyptian Communist Party. Rabidly anti-Israel, Simon Malley was a confidante of the pdf vtu late PLO leader Yasser Arafat; an inveterate critic of “Western imperialism”; a supporter of various leftist revolutionary “liberation movements,” particularly the Palestinian cause; a beneficiary of Soviet funding; and How to an argumentative viewer a supporter of the 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.

“Thanks to all of you at How to write essay Planned Parenthood for all the work that you are doing for women all across the country and for How to write an argumentative powerpoint families all across the countryand for men, who have enough sense to realize you are helping them, all across the country. Planned Parenthood is the largest abortion provider in the United States, with some 850 clinics across the country. It purports to Mba assignments pdf vtu offer “a wide range of medical and write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer counseling services and health care education,” but its primary business is providing abortion services. In 2004 Planned Parenthood completed 138 abortions for every adoption referral it made to an outside agency. During the 2004-2005 fiscal year, the organization reported 1,414 adoption referrals (one adoption for every 180 abortions).

During its 2005-2006 fiscal year, Planned Parenthood performed a record 264,943 abortions; garnered $345.1 million in College board essay clinic income; took in $212.2 million in essay powerpoint donations; and the argumentative essay help received record taxpayer funding of $305.3 million. Write Essay Powerpoint? Total income reached a record $902.8 million. In August 2007, Obama appeared at the national convention of the leftist political weblog Daily Kos. Hire Paper? According to essay viewer a New York Times report: Mr. Obama, who has built his candidacy upon the mantra of change, received booming applause when he was introduced to the audience of zbug more than 1,500. When the moderator mentioned that the senator turned 46 years old on Saturday, several of those gathered in the ballroom began to serenade him with 'Happy Birthday.' In October 2007 Obama stated that, if elected, he would offer a high-level position in his administration to How to essay former Vice President Al Gore. On December 4, 2007, Obama’s campaign announced the creation of its African American Religious Leadership Committee.

Among the committee's more notable members were Rev. Jeremiah Wright, Rev. Otis Moss III, and Rev. Joseph E. Lowery. From March 1972 until February 2008, Jeremiah Wright -- whom Barack Obama described as his “spiritual advisor,” his “mentor,” and “one of the greatest preachers in America” -- was the pastor of Chicago's Trinity United Church of Research paper Christ (TUCC), where Obama had attended services since 1988, and where he (Obama) had been a member since 1992. Said Obama of Wright: “What I value most about How to an argumentative viewer Pastor Wright is not his day-to-day political advice. He’s much more of a sounding board for me to make sure that I am speaking as truthfully about what I believe as possible and College essay that I’m not losing myself in How to write an argumentative viewer some of the hype and hoopla and stress that’s involved in national politics.” Rev. Otis Moss III -- whom Obama has extolled as a “wonderful young pastor” -- served as assistant pastor of College board essay TUCC from 2006-2008 and write an argumentative essay then succeeded Jeremiah Wright as pastor when the latter retired. In one notable sermon, Moss likened the condition of contemporary black Americans to that of the write a cosmetology on myself hapless lepers referenced in biblical stories.

He further implied that whites -- who, in his estimation, continue to subjugate blacks both socially and economically -- are the “enemy” of African Americans. “Our society creates thugs,” Moss added. “Children are not born thugs. Thugs are made and How to an argumentative not born.” Rev. Joseph Lowery is a prominent figure in the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Viewing the United States as a nation that is “not committed to serious efforts to address the issue of racism,” he has warned that “white racism is gaining respectability again,” and that “there’s a resurgence of College essay racism at almost every level of life.” Lowery has expressed contempt for Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas, specifically because the black conservative Thomas opposes the use of affirmative action (i.e., race preferences) in business and academia. Says Lowery: “I have told [Thomas] I am ashamed of him, because he is becoming to the black community what Benedict Arnold was to the nation he deserted; and what Judas Iscariot was to How to write viewer Jesus: a traitor ; and what Brutus was to Caesar: an assassin .” Another notable religious supporter of College board essay zbug Barack Obama is How to essay viewer Rev. Michael Pfleger, a white Roman Catholic priest who has been the pastor of Saint Sabina Catholic Church in Chicago since 1981. Mba Assignments Pdf Vtu? A great admirer of Louis Farrakhan and Jeremiah Wright, Pfleger views America as a nation plagued by “classism and racism,” and he identifies white racism as “the number one sin in this country.” Pfleger has had a longstanding friendly relationship (since the How to essay powerpoint viewer late 1980s) with Obama and has played a significant role as a spiritual advisor who, Obama once said, had helped him maintain his moral compass. Yet another religious figure affiliated with Obama is Rev.

James Meeks, a Democratic member of the Illinois state senate, where he served alongside Obama from 2002-2004 (prior to Obama’s election to the U.S. Senate). Meeks also has been the pastor of Chicago’s 22,000-member Salem Baptist Church since 1985, and essay help yourself he was once the executive vice president of Jesse Jackson’s Rainbow/PUSH coalition. For his 2008 presidential run, Obama formed a Black Advisory Council whose members included, most notably: (a) Marxist professor Cornel West, a longtime member of the Democratic Socialists of America and a great admirer of Obama’s former pastor, Rev. Jeremiah Wright; and How to write an argumentative powerpoint viewer (b) Harvard law professor Charles Ogletree, a reparations-for-slavery proponent who has advised Obama on such matters as criminal-justice reform. Obama Clearly Articulates His Desire to Remake the World and board essay zbug Change This Country: After Obama's victory in the Iowa Caucus, longtime Communist Party USA supporter Frank Chapman -- who had previously chaired the write an argumentative viewer National Alliance Against Racist Political Oppression and served as a board member of the U.S. Peace Council, both Communist Party fronts -- wrote a letter that was published in the January 12, 2008 edition of the textbook CPUSA publication, Peoples Weekly World : Now, beyond all the optimism I was capable of mustering, Mr. Obama won Iowa! He won in write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer a political arena 95 percent white.

It was a resounding defeat for the manipulations of the ultra-right and their right-liberal fellow travelers. Also it was a hard lesson for liberals who underestimated the political fury of the masses in Research lined these troubled times. Accusing Republicans of Having Failed Minorities: During a Democratic presidential debate on January 21, 2008, Obama expressed his belief that Republican politicians had failed to provide adequate opportunities for the social and economic advancement of How to viewer minorities: “I am absolutely convinced that white, black, Latino, Asian, people want to move beyond our divisions, and they want to join together in order to create a movement for change in this country. The Republicans may have a different attitude. The policies that they have promoted have not been good at providing ladders for Mba assignments pdf vtu upward mobility and opportunity for all people.” Tony Rezko, the Federally Indicted Real-Estate Developer:

Also in January 2008, Obama’s relationship with a federally indicted real estate developer came to essay viewer light when rival candidate Hillary Clinton said, during a South Carolina Democratic Party presidential debate: “I was fighting against [Republican] ideas when you were practicing law and representing your contributor, Rezko, in his slum landlord business in board essay zbug inner city Chicago.” Clinton’s reference was to Tony Rezko, a Syrian-born, Chicago-based restaurateur and real estate developer who had been one of the first major financial contributors to Barack Obama’s political campaigns in essay viewer the 1990s. For a full explanation of write a cosmetology on myself Rezko’s relationship with Obama, see footnote number [10] . At a February 12, 2008 campaign stop in Wisconsin, Obama said: The politics of an argumentative viewer hope does not mean hoping things come easy. Because nothing worthwhile in this country has ever happened unless somebody somewhere stood up when it was hard, stood up when they were told, no you can't, and said, yes we can. And where better to affirm our ideals than here in pdf vtu Wisconsin, where a century ago the progressive movement was born. It was rooted in How to an argumentative essay powerpoint the principle that the voices of the people can speak louder than special interests, that citizens can be connected to their government and to one another, and that all of us share a common destiny, an American Dream. On other occasions, Obama described himself as a pragmatic progressive who tries to and support make decisions based on what works.

Praise from Louis Farrakhan: In February 2008 Louis Farrakhan called Obama “a herald of the Messiah.” “Barack has captured the write an argumentative powerpoint viewer youth,” said the Nation Of Islam leader, referring to the passionate support Obama had drawn from young people in America. “And he has involved young people in a political process that they didn’t care anything about. That’s a sign. When the messiah speaks, the youth will hear. And the paper messiah is absolutely speaking.” In March 2008 the controversial Al Sharpton, a strong supporter of Obama’s presidential candidacy, revealed publicly that he was in the habit of How to write powerpoint speaking to Obama on a regular basis -- “two or three times a week.” Sharpton also said that he had told Obama four months earlier, “I won’t either endorse you or not endorse you.

But I will tell you I can be freer not endorsing you to Hire paper writer help you and everybody else.” According to Sharpton, Obama then protested and asked for his public support: “No, no, no. I want you to write an argumentative powerpoint endorse.” In early 2008, MoveOn executive director Eli Pariser announced that he and his organization were endorsing Obama for U.S. President. “We’ve learned that the key to achieving change in Washington without compromising core values is having a galvanized electorate to How to a cosmetology back you up,” said Pariser, “and Barack Obama has our members ‘fired up and ready to go’ on that front.” In April 2008 Ahmed Yousef, a political advisor for the terrorist group Hamas, told interviewer Aaron Klein that his (Yousef’s) organization was hopeful that Obama would win the How to presidential election and change America’s foreign policy vis a vis the Arab-Israeli conflict. When reporters subsequently asked Obama what he thought of the Writing essay Hamas leader’s endorsement, Obama said: “My position on Hamas is How to an argumentative powerpoint viewer indistinguishable from the position of Business textbook and support Hillary Clinton or [Republican presidential candidate] John McCain. I said they are a terrorist organization, and I've repeatedly condemned them. I’ve repeatedly said, and essay viewer I mean what I say: Since they are a terrorist organization, we should not be dealing with them until they recognize Israel, renounce terrorism, and abide by previous agreements.” During an April 2008 campaign stop in San Francisco, Obama said: “You go into some of these small towns in Pennsylvania, and like a lot of small towns in Mba assignments pdf vtu the Midwest, the powerpoint jobs have been gone now for 25 years, and nothing’s replaced them. And they fell through the Clinton administration and the Bush administration, and each successive administration has said that somehow these communities are gonna regenerate, and they have not. And it’s not surprising then they get bitter, they cling to Mba assignments guns or religion or antipathy to How to write essay viewer people who aren't like them or anti-immigrant sentiment or anti-trade sentiment as a way to write explain their frustrations.”

Anthony Lake, Foreign Policy Advisor: In June 2008, Obama named former New Leftist Anthony Lake as one of powerpoint his leading foreign policy advisors. Lake served as a special assistant for national security affairs under President Nixon in the argumentative help yourself 1969-70, but soon thereafter he stepped down from that post to protest the Nixon administration’s bombing raids in Cambodia -- raids that were designed to support the write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer existing government against the power-grabbing efforts of Pol Pot and Mba assignments his bloodthirsty Khmer Rouge. At a June 2008 campaign stop in Jacksonville, Florida, Obama suggested that his political opponents were trying to exploit the issue of an argumentative powerpoint race to undermine his candidacy. Write A Cosmetology On Myself? “It is an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer going to be very difficult for Republicans to College board essay zbug run on their stewardship of the economy or their outstanding foreign policy,” he said. “We know what kind of How to powerpoint viewer campaign they’re going to run. They’re going to try to make you afraid.

They’re going to try to make you afraid of paper writer me. He’s young and inexperienced and he’s got a funny name. And did I mention he’s black?” Speaking at How to an argumentative essay a July 2008 gathering of Writing essay hundreds of minority journalists in Chicago, Obama said the an argumentative essay United States should acknowledge its history of How to a cosmetology poor treatment of certain ethnic groups: “There's no doubt that when it comes to our treatment of Native Americans as well as other persons of color in write essay powerpoint viewer this country, we've got some very sad and difficult things to account for. Paper For Sale Lined? I personally would want to see our tragic history, or the tragic elements of our history, acknowledged.

I consistently believe that when it comes to whether it's Native Americans or African-American issues or reparations, the most important thing for How to essay the U.S. government to do is paper for sale not just offer words, but offer deeds.” Joe Biden, Running Mate: In August 2008, Obama named Senator Joe Biden to be his vice presidential running mate. Fannie Mae . has been under increasing pressure from the Clinton Administration to expand mortgage loans among low and moderate income people and felt pressure from stock holders to maintain its phenomenal growth in profits. In addition, banks, thrift institutions and mortgage companies have been pressing Fannie Mae to write essay help them make more loans to so-called subprime borrowers. These borrowers whose incomes, credit ratings and savings are not good enough to qualify for conventional loans, can only get [so-called 'subprime'] loans from finance companies that charge much higher interest rates -- anywhere from three to Mba assignments four percentage points higher than conventional loans. Demographic information on How to write these borrowers is sketchy. But at How to a cosmetology least one study indicates that 18 percent of the loans in the subprime market went to How to an argumentative powerpoint black borrowers, compared to Writing the argumentative help 5 per essay viewer cent of loans in the conventional loan market. In moving, even tentatively, into this new area of lending, Fannie Mae is and support taking on significantly more risk, which may not pose any difficulties during flush economic times. But the government-subsidized corporation may run into trouble in an economic downturn, prompting a government rescue similar to that of the write viewer savings and loan industry in the 1980's.

The Editors of National Review Online explain the connection between the the argumentative essay yourself foregoing policies and Barack Obama: One of the reasons so many bad mortgage loans were made in the first place is that Barack Obama’s celebrated community organizers make their careers out of forcing banks to do so. ACORN, for which Obama worked, is one of many left-wing organizations that spent decades pressuring banks and write essay bank regulators to do more to make mortgages available to people without much in Mba assignments the way of powerpoint viewer income, assets, or credit. Paper Writer? These campaigns often were couched in racially inflammatory terms. The result was the Community Reinvestment Act. The CRA empowers the FDIC and other banking regulators to How to an argumentative viewer punish those banks which do not lend to the poor and How to on myself minorities at the level that Obama’s fellow community organizers would like. Among other things, mergers and acquisitions can be blocked if CRA inquisitors are not satisfied that their demands which are political demands have been met. There is an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer a name for loans made to people who do not have the Writing essay yourself credit, assets, income, or down payment to qualify for a normal mortgage: subprime.

As Forbes magazine points out, Obama has been a staunch supporter of the CRA throughout his public life. In an October 15, 2008 presidential debate, Republican John McCain raised the issue of Obama’s ties to ACORN. At the time, ACORN was in the news for two major reasons. First, the organization was under investigation in write an argumentative essay viewer 14 separate states for massive voter fraud. Strongly pro-Democrat, ACORN claimed to have registered 4 million new voters (most of whom were Democrats) during the How to write a cosmetology essay preceding four years.

Many tens of thousands of these registrations already had been found to How to write an argumentative essay be fraudulent -- they bore phony names, fake or nonexistent addresses, inaccurate personal information, duplicate signatures, etc. The full extent of the fraud, however, was impossible to Business help determine. “The only involvement I’ve had with ACORN was I represented them alongside the U.S. Justice Department in making Illinois implement a motor voter law that helped people get registered at DMVs. ACORN is essay powerpoint a community organization. Apparently what they’ve done is they were paying people to go out and register folks, and Business textbook help apparently some of the people who were out there didn’t really register people, they just filled out write an argumentative essay a bunch of names. It had nothing to paper writer do with us. We were not involved.” He said nothing about the years he had spent training ACORN activists; nothing about the How to an argumentative essay viewer laudatory statements he had made about ACORN in the recent past; and essay nothing about the $800,000+ his campaign had given to the ACORN front group Citizens' Services Inc. (an ACORN-dominated subsidiary whose headquarters were located at precisely the same address as ACORN's national headquarters in New Orleans, Louisiana) to fund his campaign's 2008 voter-registration efforts. To conceal the purpose of these payments to ACORN and Citizens' Services Inc., the Obama campaign misidentified the $800,000+ payment as money that had been spent for election services. Well, first of all my relationship with ACORN is pretty straightforward.

It’s probably 13 years ago when I was still practicing law, I represented ACORN and How to an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer my partner in that investigation was the essay US Justice department in having Illinois implement what was called the motor voter law, to make sure people could go to viewer DMV’s and driver license facilities to get registered. It wasn’t being implemented. Mba Assignments Pdf Vtu? That was my relationship and is my relationship to ACORN. There is an ACORN organization in Chicago. Write An Argumentative Essay? They’ve been active.

As an College board, elected offiical, I’ve had interactions with them. But, they’re not advising my campaign. We’ve got the best voter registration in politics right now and we don’t need ACORN’s help. Obama's statements from the aforementioned debate and interview are contradicted, however, but the How to write an argumentative viewer words he himself had spoken in other venues. For example, during his presidential campaign, Obama was a featured speaker at one particularly notable political event in which ACORN played a prominent role -- a December 1, 2007 forum exclusively for thousands of community organizers from across the United States. He was inroduced to the crowd by Deepak Bhargava, ACORN's leader of community reinvestment and fair housing (and Executive Director of the Center for Community Change). In his introductory remarks, Bhargava characterized America as a society that is still deeply structured by racism and sexism.

When Obama took the microphone (to thunderous applause), he did not refute Bhargava's comments in any way. He was then asked, If elected President of the College board zbug United States, would you agree, in your first one-hundred days, to meet with a delegation of representatives from these various community organizations . How To Write An Argumentative Essay Powerpoint? Obama replied: Yes, but let me even say, before I even get inaugurated, during the transition we're gonna be calling all of you in to help us shape the agenda. We're gonna be having meetings all across the country with community organizations so that you have input into the agenda for the next presidency of the United States of paper writer America. Similarly, in an interview with ACORN representatives in 2007, candidate Obama said the following: You know you've got a friend in me.

And I definitely welcome ACORN's input. You don't have to ask me about How to write an argumentative powerpoint viewer that. I'm going to call you even if you didn't ask me. The Argumentative Yourself? When I ran Project Vote, the voter registration drive in Illinois, ACORN was smack dab in the middle of powerpoint it. How To A Cosmetology Essay On Myself? Once I was elected, there wasn't a campaign that ACORN worked on down in Springfield that I wasn't right there with you. Since I have been in the United States Senate I've been always a partner with ACORN as well. Write Essay Viewer? I've been fighting with ACORN, along side ACORN, on Research paper issues you care about write an argumentative essay viewer my entire career. In 2008, Obama's presidential campaign furnished the ACORN affiliate Project Vote with a list of donors who had already contributed (to the campaign) the maximum amount of money permitted by law. Anita Moncrief, a former Washington, DC staffer for Project Vote, later revealed that her organization had contacted these big donors and urged them to Mba assignments give money to Project Vote -- money which could then be funneled directly into the Obama campaign coffers, thereby evading election-law limits on campaign contributions. F oreign Contributions to Presidential Campaign: A Federal Election Commission (FEC) employee has reportedly been warning for months about How to write essay evidence that the Obama campaign has received as much as $200 million, almost half of his total donations, in amounts less than $200.

That is below the threshold for donor information [which] Mr. Obama has chose[n] to report to the FEC -- unlike the Clinton and McCain campaigns, which have reported all donor information. In August 2008, Pamela Geller wrote, in Mba assignments the American Thinker , that among the write powerpoint myriad foreign donations Obama had received was a $33,000 contribution from Palestinian brothers based in College the Hamas-controlled Rafah refugee camp in Gaza, who had proudly declared their love for Obama. The Obama campaign claimed that it had returned that money to essay powerpoint the brother donors, but the latter said they had never received such a return. Moreover, Geller catalogued several dozen of the paper writer foreign cities and nations from which illegal contributions to the Obama campaign had originated. How To Write An Argumentative Powerpoint Viewer? In many cases, the donors' names and contact information were fraudulent -- sometimes consisting of essay nothing more than letters arranged in How to write an argumentative powerpoint random, nonsensical sequence.

On October 30, 2008, Obama told a large crowd of cheering supporters: We are five days away from board zbug, fundamentally transforming the United States of America. What makes Obama different is that he has also been a community organiser. He has read left literature, including my works, and How to an argumentative essay he understands what socialism is. A lot of the people working with him are, indeed, socialists with backgrounds in the Communist Party or as independent Marxists. There are a lot of Mba assignments pdf vtu people like that in How to write an argumentative powerpoint viewer Chicago who have worked with him for years. Obama’s Policy Positions and on myself Voting Record as State Senator, U.S. Senator, and Presidential Candidate: During his eight-year career in the Illinois state senate, Barack Obama avoided making controversial votes approximately 130 times -- which, according to other Illinois state senators, is much higher than average. Rather than vote yea or nay on the legislation in How to write an argumentative powerpoint question, Obama on those occasions simply voted present.

In the Illinois state senate, this was the equivalent of Business and support a nay vote when tallying up support or opposition to a given bill. But, as David Freddoso points out: [F]or rhetorical purposes, a 'present' vote is different in write an argumentative essay viewer that critics and journalists must discuss it differently. For example, Barack Obama did not vote against a bill to a term paper writer prevent pornographic book and video stores and strip clubs from How to an argumentative, setting up within 1,000 feet of Writing essay yourself schools and churches -- he just voted 'present.' Obama voted 'present' on an almost unanimously passed bill to How to write an argumentative powerpoint prosecute students as adults if they fire guns on schol grounds. He voted 'present' on the partial-birth abortion ban and other contentious issues . [11] Obama favors racial preferences for minorities in university admissions, public employment, and Hire a term writer state contracting. “I still believe in affirmative action as a means of overcoming both historic and potentially current discrimination,” said Obama in April 2008.

[W]henever we define a pre-viable fetus as a person that is protected by the equal protection clause or other elements in the Constitution, what we're really saying is, in fact, that they are persons that are entitled to the kinds of How to an argumentative powerpoint protections that would be provided to a -- a child, a nine-month-old -- child that was delivered to term. Hire A Term Paper? That determination, then, essentially, if it was accepted by a court, would forbid abortions to take place. How To Write An Argumentative Essay Powerpoint? For that reason, I think it would probably be found unconstitutional. As David Freddoso observes, Obama's argument: implies that babies born prematurely without abortions might not be 'persons.' They might have to be 'nine months old' before they count. How To A Cosmetology? [O]ne might even conclude from [his words] that he actually does think they are persons. But, he argues, we cannot legally recognize them as 'persons.' Because if we do, then somewhere down the road it might threaten someone's right to an abortion.

Barack Obama's actions indicate he thinks that before any other rights are granted to 'persons,' the an argumentative essay viewer Constitution exists to guarantee abortion rights. [13] Though it did not in essay any way conflict with, or compromise, Roe v. Wade , Obama voted against this same legislation in 2003. As chair of the Health and Human Services Committee, he blocked another attempt to bring the bill to the floor of the Illinois Senate. As I understand it, this [bill] puts the burden on the attending physician who has determined, since they were performing this procedure, that, in fact, this is write an argumentative a nonviable fetus; that if that fetus, or child however way you want to describe it is now outside the How to write a cosmetology on myself mother’s womb and How to write essay powerpoint the doctor continues to think that it’s nonviable but there’s, let’s say, movement or some indication that, in fact, they’re not just coming out for sale lined limp and dead, that, in fact, they would then have to call a second physician to monitor and check off and make sure that this is not a live child that could be saved. But Obama knew quite well that children were being born alive and were not looked after by the abortion doctors; that in 10 to 20 percent of the How to write an argumentative powerpoint cases where induced labor abortion was practiced, the infants survived and were then being left, uncared for, to die; and that these facts were precisely what had prompted the legislation in the first place. In committee he took the Mba assignments pdf vtu opinion of the ACLU attorney and said that he thought that this would be something that would overturn Roe v. Wade , and he opposed it in committee, and then he took a leadership role opposing this to go on and be the sole senator to speak against this bill on the Senate floor, not once, but two years in a row. And he brags on his Web site now that he strategized with Planned Parenthood to How to an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer defeat this bill.

He said on the Senate floor as a matter of fact that he thought that this would ultimately be considered unconstitutional, and he said that he strategized with Planned Parenthood to vote present because in Illinois a present vote is the paper for sale same as a no vote. And he thought by doing this that he would lure some squeamish senators who didn't really want to vote to How to write essay viewer endorse infanticide. In 2006 Obama voted “Yes” on a Senate Budget amendment allocating $100 million to: “increas[e] funding and access to family planning services”; “fun[d] legislation that requires equitable prescription coverage for paper for sale lined contraceptives under health plans”; and “fun[d] legislation that would create and How to an argumentative essay powerpoint expand teen pregnancy prevention programs and education programs concerning emergency contraceptives.” [14] Well, you know, I think that whether you're looking at it from a theological perspective or a scientific perspective, answering that question with specificity, you know, is above my pay grade. “Latinos have such a high dropout rate. What you see consistently are children at a very early age are starting school already behind.

That’s why I’ve said that I’m going to How to write a cosmetology essay put billions of dollars into early childhood education that makes sure that our African-American youth, Latino youth, poor youth of every race, are getting the kind of help that they need so that they know their numbers, their colors, their letters.” [20] Obama opposed the Supreme Court’s 2007 split decision that invalidated programs in Seattle and Louisville (Kentucky) which sought to maintain “diversity” in local schools by factoring race into write an argumentative essay viewer decisions about which students could be admitted to any particular school, or which students could be allowed to transfer from one school to another. Mba Assignments? Under these programs, parents were not free to send their children to How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer the schools of their choice. Instead they were obliged to writer abide by write essay powerpoint viewer, the quotas preordained by help, bureaucrats who had never met any of the children whose educational lives they sought to micromanage. Both the Seattle and Louisville programs were representative of similar plans in hundreds of other school districts nationwide. In 1997 Obama opposed an Illinois welfare-reform bill, proposed by Republican senator Dave Syverson, which sought to move as many people as possible off the state welfare rolls and into paying jobs. Essay? He tried to weaken the legislation by calling for exceptions not only to the requirement that welfare recipients make an effort to paper writer find employment, but also to the bill's proposed five-year limit on benefits. My commitment is to make sure that we've got universal healthcare for write powerpoint all Americans by Business and support, the end of my first term as President.

I would hope that we can set up a system that allows those who can go through their employer to access a federal system or a state pool of some sort. How To Write Viewer? But I don't think we're going to be able to eliminate employer coverage immediately. There's going to be, potentially, some transition process. I can envision a decade out, or 15 years out, or 20 years out. On April 3, 2007, Obama said: Let's say that I proposed a plan that moved to Business a single payer system. Let's say Medicare Plus. It'd be essentially everybody can buy into Medicare for example. Transitioning a system is a very difficult and costly and lengthy enterprise. It's not like you can turn on How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint a switch and you go from Writing the argumentative help yourself, one system to another. How To Write Essay Powerpoint Viewer? So it's possible that upfront you would need not just, I mean, you might need an additional $90 or $100 billion a year.

On August 4, 2007, Obama said: This [health care] is College board essay zbug a two-trillion dollar part of How to write an argumentative our economy. And it is my belief that, not just politically but also economically, it's better for us to start getting a system in College board essay zbug place, a universal health care system signed into law by the end of How to essay powerpoint my first term as president, and build off that system to further, to make it more rational. By the the argumentative yourself way, Canada did not start off immediately with a single payer system. They had a similar transition step.

On November 21, 2007, Obama said he favored the implementation of a transitional system building on the existing systems that we have. He elaborated: [T]ransitional hopefully because the system currently is so, such a patchwork of inefficiency that over How to powerpoint time I would want to see Medicaid, Medicare, the children's health insurance program, SCHIP -- all those integrated more effectively. In the summer of 2008, when asked by a campaign audience about single-payer healthcare, Obama said, If I were designing a system from scratch, I would probably go ahead with a single-payer [government-run] system . Help And Support? my attitude is let’s build up the write an argumentative powerpoint system we got, let’s make it more efficient, we maybe over board zbug time . decide that there are other ways for us to provide care more effectively. (Obama would sound this theme again in June 2009, when he told an unreceptive American Medical Association: I'll be honest, there are countries where a single-payer system works pretty well.) “It is hard to an argumentative essay powerpoint overstate the the argumentative essay degree to which our addiction to oil undermines our future. A large portion of the $800 million we spend on foreign oil every day goes to some of the world's most volatile regimes. Write An Argumentative Viewer? And there are the environmental consequences. Just about every scientist outside the White House believes climate change is real. The Argumentative Yourself? We cannot drill our way out essay of the How to write essay on myself problem. Instead of subsidizing the oil industry, we should end every single tax break the industry currently receives and demand that 1% of the revenues from oil companies with over $1 billion in quarterly profits go toward financing alternative energy research and infrastructure.” At a July 30, 2008 campaign stop in Missouri, Obama said: “There are things that you can do individually . to save energy; making sure your tires are properly inflated, simple thing, but we could save all the oil that they’re talking about getting off [from] drilling, if everybody was just inflating their tires and getting regular tune-ups. You could actually save just as much.”

To produce five gallons of ethanol from corn, one must spend the energy equivalent of roughly four galons of How to viewer ethanol for farming, shipping, and processing. (In other words, ethanol has a 25 percent net energy yield.) . America's entire 6.5 billion gallon ethanol production created the net energy equivalent of 2.2 days' worth of American gasoline consumption. [24] (Emphasis in original) In exchange for that miniscule output, adds Freddoso, federal and state governments provide between $6.3 billion and $8.7 billion in annual direct and pdf vtu indirect subsidies. How To Write Viewer? When government subsidized corn ethanol production in paper lined 2007, it was like spending $9.00 to create a gallon of gasoline, and doing it 853 million times. [25] “When I was asked earlier about the issue of coal, you know, under my plan of essay powerpoint viewer a cap and a term paper trade system, electricity rates would necessarily skyrocket. Even regardless of write powerpoint what I say about whether coal is good or bad. College Board? Because I’m capping greenhouse gases, coal power plants, you know, natural gas, you name it, whatever the plants were, whatever the industry was, uh, they would have to retrofit their operations. That will cost money. They will pass that money on to consumers.” “Global warming is real, is How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer happening now and Research for sale lined is the result of human activities. Essay Viewer? The number of Category 4 and 5 hurricanes has almost doubled in the last 30 years. The Argumentative Essay Help Yourself? Glaciers are melting faster; the How to write an argumentative polar ice caps are shrinking; trees are blooming earlier; oceans are becoming more acidic, threatening marine life; people are dying in heat waves; species are migrating, and eventually many will become extinct.

Scientists predict that absent major emission reductions, climate change will worsen famine and drought in some of the poorest places in the world and wreak havoc across the globe. In the U.S., sea-level rise threatens to cause massive economic and ecological damage to our populated coastal areas.” [26] During a 2008 campaign stop in help and support Oregon, Obama called on How to write an argumentative essay the United States to Writing essay “lead by example” on How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint global warming. “We can’t drive our SUVs and eat as much as we want and keep our homes on 72 degrees at all times . and then just expect that other countries are going to essay say OK,” he said. Write An Argumentative? “That’s not leadership. That’s not going to board essay happen.” In 2004 Obama spoke out against the Republican-led Congress' budgets generally, and against an argumentative powerpoint, the 2001 anti-terrorism bill known as the Patriot Act specifically, suggesting that the Act infringed upon Americans' civil liberties. Said Obama: When you rush these budgets that are a foot high, and nobody has any idea what's in them and nobody has read them . It gets rushed through without any clear deliberation or debate, then these kind of things happen, and I think this is in some ways what happened to a term paper the Patriot Act. I mean, you remember, there was no real debate about that.

It was so quick after 9/11 that it was introduced, that people felt very intimidated by write powerpoint viewer, the [Bush] administration. Obama voted “No” on a bill to the argumentative help yourself remove the need for How to an argumentative essay viewer a FISA [Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act] warrant before the government may proceed with wiretapping in terrorism-related investigations of suspects in textbook other countries. “Warrantless surveillance of American citizens, in How to write essay viewer defiance of essay zbug FISA, is unlawful and unconstitutional,” said Obama. [27] “Why don’t we close Guantanamo and restore the How to an argumentative essay viewer right of habeas corpus, because that’s how we lead, not with the might of our military, but the power of our ideals and the power of our values. It’s time to show the world we’re not a country that ships prisoners in the dead of night to be tortured in far off countries.” On June 19, 2008, political analyst Dick Morris described Obama's prescription for dealing with terrorism as follows: [Obama has] urged us to go back to the era of criminal-justice prosecution of terror suspects, citing the successful efforts to imprison those who bombed the essay help World Trade Center in write an argumentative essay powerpoint 1993. [He said] 'It is my firm belief that we can crack down on threats against Hire a term, the United States, but we can do so within the How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer constraints of our Constitution. In previous terrorist attacks -- for example, the essay first attack against the World Trade Center, we were able to arrest those responsible, put them on trial. Write Essay Powerpoint? They are currently in U.S. prisons, incapacitated.' The War in Afghanistan and the Iraq War: In July of '04 [you said]: 'I'm not privy to Senate intelligence reports. What would I have done? I don't know,' in terms of how you would have voted on the war [in 2002].

In June 2006 Obama spoke out against the idea of setting a firm withdrawal date for U.S. troops in Iraq. Immediately after the midterm election five months later, however, Obama declared that it was vital to change our policy and to bring home all American troops. In January 2007 Obama proposed legislation calling for the withdrawal of all troops within 14 months. “. would immediately begin to pull out troops engaged in combat operations at a pace of one or two brigades every month, to be completed by the end of the argumentative yourself [2009]. Write An Argumentative Powerpoint Viewer? He would call for a new constitutional convention in Iraq, convened with the How to write a cosmetology essay on myself United Nations, which would not adjourn until Iraq’s leaders reach a new accord on reconciliation. How To An Argumentative Powerpoint Viewer? He would use presidential leadership to surge our diplomacy with all of the nations of the region on behalf of a new regional security compact. And he would take immediate steps to a cosmetology essay confront the humanitarian disaster in How to essay powerpoint viewer Iraq, and to hold accountable any perpetrators of potential war crimes.” Claiming that the Hire a term U.S. How To An Argumentative Viewer? presence in paper Iraq was “illegal,” Obama campaigned publicly in 2007 and 2008 for a speedy withdrawal of American troops from Iraq.

But in a July 2008 discussion he held with Iraqi leaders in How to an argumentative viewer Baghdad, Obama privately tried to College board zbug persuade them to delay an agreement on a timetable for such a withdrawal until after the November elections. According to Iraqi Foreign Minister Hoshyar Zebari, “He asked why we were not prepared to delay an agreement until after the U.S. elections and How to write essay powerpoint viewer the formation of a new administration in Hire a term writer Washington. However, as an How to write an argumentative essay, Iraqi, I prefer to have a security agreement that regulates the activities of foreign troops, rather than keeping the matter open.” “Because . it's pretty straightforward. By us putting $10 billion to $12 billion a month, $200 billion, that's money that could have gone into College essay zbug Afghanistan. Those additional troops could have gone into write powerpoint Afghanistan. Help And Support? That money also could have been used to shore up a declining economic situation in the United States. That money could have been applied to having a serious energy security plan so that we were reducing our demand on oil, which is helping to fund the insurgents in many countries. So those are all factors that would be taken into consideration in my decision -- to deal with a specific tactic or strategy inside of Iraq.” In mid-July 2008, the portions of Obama's campaign website that had emphasized his opposition to the troop surge and his statement that more troops would not change the course of the war, were suddenly removed. On the matter of write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer using enhanced interrogation techniques (such as waterboarding) on Writing the argumentative essay help yourself high-level terrorist suspects, Obama emphatically pledged to end that practice: “This means ending the practices of shipping away prisoners in the dead of night to be tortured in How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer far-off countries, of detaining thousands without charge or trial, of maintaining a network of a cosmetology secret prisons to jail people beyond the reach of law.

That will be my position as president. That includes renditions.” Which passages of scripture should guide our public policy? Should we go with Leviticus, which suggests slavery is OK and that eating shellfish is an abomination? Or we could go with Deuteronomy which suggests stoning your child if he strays from the an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer faith. Or should we just stick to Sermon on yourself the Mount, a passage that is so radical that it's doubtful that our own Defense Department would survive its application. Obama has consistently opposed America's development of a missile defense system. In a February 2008 campaign ad, he stated: “I will cut tens of billions of dollars in wasteful spending.

I will cut investments in unproven missile defense systems. I will not weaponize space. I will slow our development of future combat systems. I will institute an independent Defense Priorities Board to ensure that the Quadrennial Defense Review is How to an argumentative essay powerpoint not used to textbook help and support justify unnecessary defense spending. I will set a goal of write an argumentative viewer a world without nuclear weapons. To seek that goal, I will not develop new nuclear weapons. I will seek a global ban on the production of fissile material.” Redistribution of Wealth: You know, if you look at the victories and failures of the civil-rights movement, and its litigation strategy in the court, I think where it succeeded was to vest formal rights in pdf vtu previously dispossessed peoples. So that I would now have the right to vote, I would now be able to sit at write an argumentative viewer a lunch counter and order and as long as I could pay for it, I’d be okay, but the Research paper for sale lined Supreme Court never entered into the issues of redistribution of wealth, and an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer sort of more basic issues of political and Research paper for sale economic justice in this society. A caller then asked: “The gentleman [Obama] made the point that the write essay powerpoint viewer Warren Court wasn’t terribly radical.

My question is (with economic changes) my question is, is College it too late for that kind of reparative work, economically, and is that the appropriate place for reparative economic work to change place?” You know, I’m not optimistic about bringing about major redistributive change through the courts. The institution just isn’t structured that way. You start getting into all sorts of powerpoint separation of Research paper for sale lined powers issues, you know, in terms of the court monitoring or engaging in a process that essentially is administrative and takes a lot of time. How To Write An Argumentative Powerpoint Viewer? You know, the court is just not very good at it, and politically, it’s just very hard to College zbug legitimize opinions from the How to essay court in that regard. In October 2008, Bill Whittle of National Review Online analyzed Obama's words (from 2001) as follows: There is help yourself nothing vague or ambiguous about this. How To An Argumentative Essay? Nothing. His plan would boost the top marginal [income tax] rate to Hire a term paper writer well over 55 percentbefore the inclusion of state and local taxesresulting in many individuals seeing their marginal tax rate double. Essay Viewer? Senator Obama would end the Bush tax cuts and allow the top two tax rates to return to 36 and 39.6 percent.

He also would allow personal exemptions and deductions to be phased out for those with income over $250,000 [and] would end the Research lined Social Security payroll tax cap for those over $250,000 in earnings. How To Write An Argumentative Powerpoint Viewer? (The cap is a term writer currently set at $102,000.) These individuals will then face a tax rate of 15.65 percent from payroll taxes and the top income tax rate of an argumentative powerpoint 39.6 percent for a combined top rate of over 56 percent on Mba assignments pdf vtu each additional dollar earned. In an April 2008 Democratic primary debate, Obama was asked, by journalist Charlie Gibson, a question about his proposal to How to an argumentative essay powerpoint nearly double the capital gains tax (from 15 percent to 28 percent). Said Gibson: “ In each instance when the rate dropped [in the 1990s], revenues from the textbook tax increased. How To Write An Argumentative Essay Viewer? The government took in more money. And in the 1980s, when the help [capital gains] tax was increased to How to essay powerpoint 28 percent, the revenues went down. So why raise it at all, especially given the fact that 100 million people in this country own stock and Writing the argumentative yourself would be affected?” Democratic presidential candidate Barack Obama’s plan to cut taxes on 95 percent of taxpayers would effectively increase government spending by How to write an argumentative essay viewer, an average of $64.8 billion a year and effectively raise income tax rates for many Americans, even on some earning $20-$50,000 per year, according to the non-partisan Tax Policy Center.

The net result of the tax plan, according to pdf vtu the figures above, will be to increase by more than 25 percent the number of households that pay no taxes at all, thereby effectively increasing the powerpoint viewer size of the welfare state. At an Mba assignments pdf vtu, October 2008 campaign appearance in Ohio, Obama was approached by a man named Joe Wurzelbacher (who thereafter would become widely known in the media as “Joe the plumber”). Wurzelbacher told Obama that he was planning to purchase a business which was projected to earn in excess of $250,000 per hear, and that Obama’s tax plan, which would raise taxes (by 8.5 percent) on all small businesses earning over $250,000, would impose an unfair financial burden on him. Obama replied that the tax increase on businesses like his was justified because it would enable the write an argumentative essay government to give tax breaks to people earning considerably less than $250,000. “I think when you spread the wealth around, it’s good for everybody,” said Obama. Earmarking refers to the commonplace congressional practice of directing federal tax dollars to local projects which are often frivolous and of extremely limited utility. In fiscal year 2008, Obama was the Research sole Senate sponsor of 29 earmarks whose aggregate sum was $10.7 million. Earmarks are often informal quid pro quo arrangements, where recipients show gratitude by giving money to the political official who steered the write essay viewer earmarks their way.

For example, after Obama inserted earmarks into a 2008 defense appropriations bill, the recipients sent $16,000 in contributions to College board Obama's presidential campaign. In 1998 Obama proposed the creation of a study panel to examine the How to write essay viewer feasibility of having the government regulate and cap automobile insurance rates. In January 2000 he spoke out in favor of price controls for prescription drugs. Mba Assignments Pdf Vtu? A year later he called for How to an argumentative essay the establishment of a five-person government review board to place a cap on drug prices in Illinois. To read economist Thomas Sowell's explanation of why price controls have historically failed to lower costs or improve products and services, click here. [31] In September 2005, Obama sponsored Senate Concurrent Resolution 53, which expressed the help sense of write viewer Congress that any effort to impose photo identification requirements for voting should be rejected. “I will never walk away from the 12 million undocumented immigrants who live, work, and contribute to our country every single day. In July 2008, Obama again spoke to NCLR. College Zbug? Among his remarks were the following: “The theme of How to write essay powerpoint this [La Raza] conference is the work of your lives: strengthening America together. Business Textbook Help And Support? It's been the work of write essay this organization for four decades --lifting up families and transforming communities across America. And for Business help that, I honor you, I congratulate you, I thank you, and I wish you another forty years as extraordinary as your last.

The U.S. How To Write An Argumentative Viewer? Border Control (USBC), a nonprofit citizen's lobby dedicated to ending illegal immigration and securing America’s borders, reports that Obama’s immigration-related votes are consistent with USBC’s values only 8 percent of the Hire a term writer time. By USBC’s definition, Obama’s stance on an argumentative viewer immigration qualifies him as an “open borders” advocate. Obama voted against a bill to How to on myself declare English the viewer official language of the Mba assignments pdf vtu U.S. How To Write Essay Viewer? government. Essay Zbug? Under this bill, no person would be entitled to have the government communicate with him (or provide materials for him) in any language other than English. Nothing in the bill, however, prohibited the use of a language other than English.

“When we get in a tussle, we appeal to the Founding Fathers and the Constitution’s ratifiers to give direction. Some, like Justice Scalia, conclude that the original understanding must be followed and if we obey this rule, democracy is How to write respected. Others, like Justice Breyer, insist that sometimes the original understanding can take you only so far -- that on Hire a term paper the truly big arguments, we have to take context, history, and How to write the practical outcomes of Business help a decision into account. Write Powerpoint Viewer? I have to side with Justice Breyer’s view of the Constitution -- that it is not a static but rather a living document and must be read in the context of an ever-changing world.” When President Bush in 2005 nominated John Roberts to be Chief Justice of the How to write on myself Supreme Court, Obama stated that few Supreme Court cases involve any controversy at How to write essay powerpoint all, “so that both a [conservative like] Scalia and a [leftist like] Ginsburg will arrive at the same place most of the time on those 95 percent of How to write essay cases.” In the other 5 percent, he said, “the critical ingredient” was neither the law nor the Constitution says, but rather “what is in the judge’s heart.” “[W]hen I examined Judge Roberts’ record and history of public service, it is How to essay viewer my personal estimation that he has far more often used his formidable skills on behalf of the strong in opposition to the argumentative the weak. In his work in write essay powerpoint viewer the White House and the Solicitor General’s Office, he seemed to have consistently sided with those who were dismissive of efforts to eradicate the remnants of racial discrimination in our political process.

In these same positions, he seemed dismissive of concerns that it is harder to make it in Writing essay this world and in this economy when you are a woman rather than a man.” Obama was also “deeply troubled” by “the philosophy, ideology and record” of yet another Bush nominee to write viewer the Supreme Court, Samuel Alito. Mba Assignments? “There is no indication that he [Alito] is not a man of write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer fine character,” Obama said in a floor speech on January 26, 2006. “But when you look at essay help his record, when it comes to his understanding of the Constitution, I found that in almost every case he consistently sides on behalf of the powerful against How to an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer, the powerless.” “In contrast to his soaring campaign rhetoric about bringing America together, Obama’s Senate speeches against Roberts and Alito revealed a polarizing vision of America. Minorities, women, employees and write a cosmetology essay criminal defendants were among the How to write an argumentative viewer weak; majorities, men, employers and prosecutors were among the strong.” In April 2007, newsman Wolf Blitzer asked Obama, Are there . Justices right now upon whom you would model [appointments to the Supreme Court]? Obama replied, Well, you know, I think actually Justice [Stephen] Breyer, Justice [Ruth Bader] Ginsburg are very sensible judges. I think that Justice [David] Souter . is a sensible judge. We need somebody who's got the heart, the essay zbug empathy, to How to write essay viewer recognize what it's like to be a young teenage mom, the empathy to understand what it's like to How to write on myself be poor or African-American or gay or disabled or old--and that's the criterion by How to viewer, which I'll be selecting my judges.

I've spent my entire adult life working with SEIU. I'm not a newcomer to paper for sale this. I didn't just suddenly discover SEIU. Your agenda's been my agenda in essay powerpoint the United States Senate. Before debating health care, I talked to [SEIU President] Andy Stern and SEIU members. Before immigration debates took place in Washington, I talked with [SEIU Executive Vice President] Eliseo Medina and SEIU members. Before the EFCA [Employee Free Choice Act], I talked to essay help yourself SEIU. Obama supports an initiative known as the Global Poverty Act (GPA), which, if signed into law, would compel the U.S. President to How to write an argumentative essay develop “and implement” a policy to “cut extreme global poverty in half by 2015 through aid, trade, debt relief,” and other means.

“With billions of people living on just dollars a day around the College world, global poverty remains one of the essay powerpoint greatest challenges and tragedies the international community faces. It must be a priority of board essay American foreign policy to How to an argumentative commit to eliminating extreme poverty and ensuring every child has food, shelter, and clean drinking water. As we strive to rebuild America’s standing in the world, this important bill will demonstrate our promise and commitment to those in the developing world. Our commitment to the global economy must extend beyond trade agreements that are more about Mba assignments increasing profits than about helping workers and small farmers everywhere.” According to a February 2008 report by an argumentative, Accuracy in Media editor Cliff Kincaid, the yourself adoption of the essay GPA could “result in the imposition of a global tax on the United States” and would make levels “of U.S. foreign aid spending subservient to Writing the argumentative yourself the dictates of the United Nations.” Kincaid stated that the legislation would earmark some 0.7 percent of the U.S. How To An Argumentative? gross national product to foreign aid, which over a 13-year period would amount to roughly $845 billion “over and above what the U.S. already spends.” During a July 2007 Democrat primary debate, Obama was asked: [W]ould you be willing to meet separately, without preconditions, during the first year of your administration, with the leaders of Iran, Syria, Venezuela, Cuba and North Korea, in order to bridge the gap that divides our countries?

In January 2008 the National Journal published its rankings of textbook and support all U.S. How To An Argumentative Essay Powerpoint? senators -- based on Hire a term how they had voted on a host of foreign and domestic policy bills -- and rated Barack Obama “the most liberal Senator of 2007.” “Obama’s [foreign policy] liberal score of 92 and conservative score of 7 indicate that he was more liberal in that issue area than 92 percent of the senators and more conservative than 7 percent,” the researchers explained. In the area of How to an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer domestic policy voting, the Writing the argumentative essay study found that “Obama voted the liberal position on 65 of the 66 key votes on which he voted [and] garnered perfect liberal scores in both the economic and an argumentative essay social categories.” President Barack Obama: On November 4, 2008, Barack Obama was elected President of the paper lined United States. He defeated Republican opponent John McCain, capturing 364 electoral votes vs. McCain's 162. Obama received a total of 64,538,980 votes (52.5%), vs. McCain's 56,802,609 (46.2%). [1] David Horowitz and Jacob Laksin, The New Leviathan (2012), Chapter 2. [10] Rezko had initially met Obama in 1990, when the How to write an argumentative essay former was a low-income housing developer in paper Chicago and the latter was a Harvard Law School student. Powerpoint? In fact, Rezko offered Obama a job with his company, Rezmar Corporation, but Obama turned it down. When Obama announced in 1995 that he was running for an Illinois Senate seat (which would be up for grabs in 1996), two of Tony Rezko’s companies donated a total of $2,000 to Obama’s campaign.

Over the course of the entire primary season, Rezko raised between $10,000 and $15,000 of the roughly $100,000 Obama collected overall. College Board? Obama won the November 1996 election, and write essay viewer the district he represented included 11 of Rezko's 30 low-income housing projects. Rezko served on the campaign committee for Obama’s failed congressional run against U.S. Rep. Bobby Rush in 2000, raising between $50,000 and $75,000 of the estimated $600,000 Obama collected for that race.

In 2001 Rezko’s Rezmar Corporation stopped making its mortgage payments on the old nursing home it had converted into apartments, and the state of Illinois foreclosed on the building, which was located in Obama's Senate district. In 2003 Obama announced that he would run for an Illinois seat in pdf vtu the U.S. Senate which would be open the following year. He again named Rezko to his campaign finance committee. It is estimated that Rezko raised some $160,000 for Obama during the Senate primary season.

In November 2004 Obama was elected U.S. How To Write An Argumentative Viewer? Senator. Business? A few months later, he and Rezko's wife, Rita, purchased adjacent pieces of property in Chicago's Kenwood neighborhood. Essay Viewer? Obama’s portion of the deal involved a mansion for which he paid $1.65 million -- $300,000 below the seller’s asking price. Meanwhile, Rezko's wife (who earned only $37,000 per year and How to write a cosmetology on myself owned few assets) paid the full asking price -- $625,000 -- for a vacant lot adjacent to Obama’s mansion. At this time, Mr. Rezko was being pursued by an argumentative, creditors seeking more than $10 million which Rezko owed on board zbug defaulted loans and failed business ventures. At least 12 lawsuits had been filed against Rezko and his businesses from November 2002 to January 2005, including one by the G.E. Commercial Finance Corporation, which had extended more than $5 million in loans for Rezko’s 17 Papa Johns’ Pizza parlors in Detroit, Chicago and How to write powerpoint Milwaukee. Pdf Vtu? In November 2004, G.E. obtained a court judgment against Mr. How To Write Powerpoint? Rezko for the $3.5 million that it said was outstanding on its loans.

Obama says he does not know why the Rezkos decided to purchase the vacant lot at that time. But the Rezkos’ involvement was crucial because the owners of the house and the lot had stipulated that neither property could be sold unless a deal for the argumentative help the other also closed on the same day. Both deals indeed closed on the same day in June 2005. At the time of the How to an argumentative essay purchase, Mr. Rezko was ostensibly destitute; that is write a cosmetology essay on myself why his wife was named officially as the sole purchaser of the vacant lot.

In December 2005 Obama paid Rita Rezko $104,500 for write an argumentative viewer a strip that constituted one-sixth of her newly acquired lot, so that he could increase the width of help and support his yard by ten feet. At the time of this deal, Tony Rezko was under federal investigation on charges that he had solicited kickbacks from companies seeking state pension business under his friend, Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich, for whom Rezko reportedly had raised as much as $500,000. For more than two years before the an argumentative powerpoint viewer property purchases, news articles also had raised questions about Mr. Textbook? Rezko’s influence over state appointments and contracts. Moreover, reports swirled that the FBI was investigating accusations of a shakedown scheme in which Mr. Rezko had suggested appointments to a state hospital board. Obama rejects any suggestion that the Rezkos, by paying full price for the vacant lot, had enabled him to save $300,000 on his home’s purchase price and were perhaps seeking political favors in return. “Frankly, I don’t think he [Mr. How To Write An Argumentative Viewer? Rezko] was doing me a favor,” Obama has said.

In October 2006, Mr. Rezko was indicted on extortion charges. According to federal prosecutors, Rezko had funneled $10,000 in kickback fees to Obama's 2004 Senate campaign. Rezko remained free on bail until January 28, 2008, when a U.S. District Judge jailed him for having disobeyed a court order to keep the Judge apprised of his (Rezko’s) financial status. Paper? Most notably, Rezko had failed to tell the judge about write a $3.5 million loan he had received (in mid-2005) from London-based Iraqi billionaire Nadhmi Auchi -- a loan that Auchi later forgave in exchange for shares in a prime slice of Chicago real estate. According to the Associated Press, Rezko “gave $700,000 of the [$3.5 million] to his wife [for the purchase of the Hire paper writer vacant lot adjacent to Obama’s mansion] and used the How to write essay powerpoint viewer rest to College board essay pay legal bills and funnel cash to How to write powerpoint various supporters.” [11] David Freddoso, The Case Against Barack Obama , p. Writing Help? 116. [14] Such an approach to “pregnancy prevention” had been tried before, with disastrous results. In the 1960s, leftists in politics and academia demanded that sex education be added to an argumentative essay public-school curricula nationwide, and that government-funded “family planning” (abortion) services be made more widely available.

By 1968, almost half of help all U.S. schoolspublic and private, religious and secularhad instituted sex education programs for How to write an argumentative essay viewer their students; these programs continued to spread widely throughout the Research paper lined American educational system in the 1970s. “Family planning” clinics also proliferated exponentially from the an argumentative mid-Sixties to the mid-Seventies. Between the late Sixties and 1978, federal expenditures for paper “family planning” and “population” legislation grew from $16 million annually to $279 million. Whereas in powerpoint viewer 1969 fewer than 250,000 teenagers used the services provided by Business textbook and support, abortion clinics, by 1976 their number had risen to 1.2 million. Between 1970 and How to an argumentative viewer 1980, the pregnancy rate among 15- to 19-year-olds rose by Mba assignments, more than 40 percent.

Among unmarried girls aged 15 to How to write 17, birth rates rose 29 percent between 1970 and 1984even as the number of abortions more than doubled during the same period. [15] David Freddoso, The Case Against Barack Obama , p. Research Lined? 203. [17] These rules to deter racial profiling, say critics, lead to How to write powerpoint viewer “de-policing.” To avoid charges of racism if they question or arrest too many minority suspects, police find it easier to protect their careers by turning a blind eye and leaving minority criminals alone. [18] Obama’s premise of a discriminatory justice system is entirely mistaken, as Manhattan Institute scholar Heather MacDonald points out: “Let’s start with the Writing help yourself idea that cops over-arrest blacks and How to write an argumentative essay ignore white criminals. In fact, the race of criminals reported by crime victims matches arrest data. As long ago as 1978, a study of robbery and board zbug aggravated assault in eight cities found parity between the race of assailants in victim identifications and in arrestsa finding replicated many times since, across a range of crimes.

No one has ever come up with a plausible argument as to why crime victims would be biased in their reports. “Moving up the enforcement chain, the campaign against the criminal-justice system next claims that prosecutors overcharge and judges oversentence blacks. In 1997, criminologists Robert Sampson and Janet Lauritsen reviewed the massive literature on charging and sentencing. They concluded that ‘large racial differences in criminal offending,’ not racism, explained why more blacks were in an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer prison proportionately than whites and for longer terms. A 1987 analysis of essay Georgia felony convictions, for example, found that blacks frequently received disproportionately lenient punishment. A 1990 study of 11,000 California cases found that slight racial disparities in sentence length resulted from blacks’ prior records and other legally relevant variables. How To Write Essay Powerpoint? A 1994 Justice Department survey of felony cases from the country’s 75 largest urban areas discovered that blacks actually had a lower chance of prosecution following a felony than whites did, and Writing help yourself that they [blacks] were less likely to be found guilty at trial. Following conviction, blacks were more likely to How to receive prison sentences, howeveran outcome that reflected the gravity of a term paper their offenses as well as their criminal records.

“Another criminologisteasily as liberal as Sampsonreached the same conclusion in 1995: ‘Racial differences in patterns of How to write an argumentative essay viewer offending, not racial bias by write a cosmetology, police and other officials, are the principal reason that such greater proportions of How to viewer blacks than whites are arrested, prosecuted, convicted and imprisoned,’ Michael Tonry wrote in How to write essay Malign Neglect . The media’s favorite criminologist, Alfred Blumstein, found in write an argumentative essay 1993 that blacks were significantly underrepresented in paper for sale lined prison for homicide compared with their presence in arrest.” [21] Many critics of the How to an argumentative essay Court’s decision contended that it had undone the Mba assignments landmark Brown v. Board of Education ruling of 1954. Write An Argumentative Essay Powerpoint Viewer? But these charges were untrue. The Brown case addressed the issue of mandatory racial segregation in America’s public schools, an zbug, issue which had become an international embarrassment for the United States. Write Essay Powerpoint? The case centered around a black third-grader named Linda Brown who had been denied admission to an all-white school located just a few blocks from her home in Topeka, Kansas, and was forced instead to Mba assignments take a bus to an all-black school in a more distant neighborhood. Because millions of other blacks nationwide faced the essay viewer same dilemma, her case had far-reaching, monumental implications. Miss Brown’s father successfully sued the writer Topeka Board of Education on grounds that, contrary to a previous Supreme Court ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), segregated schools were separate but not equal and thus failed to How to write powerpoint fulfill the Fourteenth Amendment’s guarantee of equal protection under the laws.

On May 17, 1954, the Court handed down a 9-0 decision which stated unequivocally: “Where a State has undertaken to provide an opportunity for write essay on myself an education in its public schools, such an opportunity is a right which must be made available to all on equal terms.” In other words, Brown overturned the write notion that it was permissible to use race as the basis for denying students the Research paper for sale lined right to attend the schools they preferred. Like the How to an argumentative essay viewer 1964 Civil Rights Act that would become law ten years later, Brown was intended to write a cosmetology essay on myself remove barriers to integration by How to an argumentative, outlawing de jure segregation, but it issued no mandate for measures (like busing or racial quotas) to help and support forcibly integrate America’s schools or workplaces. [22] Hoover Institution fellow and Stanford University sociologist Thomas Sowell, who has studied this matter in great depth, explains that the write powerpoint “‘compelling’ benefits of How to a cosmetology essay on myself ‘diversity’ are “as invisible as the proverbial emperor’s new clothes”; that “[n]ot only is there no hard evidence that mixing and matching black and white kids in How to an argumentative school produces either educational or social benefits, there have been a number of studies of all-black schools whose educational performances equal or exceed the Writing the argumentative essay national average”; that “[s]ome black students -- in fact, whole schools of them -- have performed dramatically better than other black students and exceeded the norms in white schools,” and that this phenomenon dates back as far as the write late 19th century; that black students who have been bussed into Research for sale lined white schools have seen no discernible rise in How to essay viewer their standardized test scores -- “not even after decades of bussing”; and that “[n]ot only is there no hard evidence” for Research paper for sale lined the dogma “that there needs to powerpoint viewer be a ‘critical mass’ of black students in a given school or college in order for How to write a cosmetology on myself them to write viewer perform up to standard,” but that “such hard evidence as there is points in the opposite direction. Bright black kids have benefited from being in classes with other bright kids, regardless of the other kids’ color.” [23] David Freddoso, The Case Against Barack Obama , p. College Board Essay? 114. [26] Contrary to Obama’s claim, in May 2008 it was announced that more than 31,000 scientists across the U.S. -- including more than 9,000 Ph.D.s in fields such as atmospheric science, climatology, Earth science, environment and write powerpoint dozens of other specialties -- had signed a petition rejecting the Mba assignments claim that the human production of greenhouse gases is causing global warming that damages the Earth's climate. There is no convincing scientific evidence that human release of carbon dioxide, methane, or other greenhouse gases is causing or will, in the foreseeable future, cause catastrophic heating of the Earth's atmosphere and disruption of the Earth's climate, the petition stated. Moreover, there is How to write an argumentative substantial scientific evidence that increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide produce many beneficial effects upon the natural plant and animal environments of the Earth. [27] Most legal scholars believe the president has inherent constitutional authority to conduct warrantless wiretaps to collect foreign intelligence, and no statute -- including FISA -- can reverse that.

Citing a 22-year-old precedent, the pdf vtu Federal Intelligence Surveillance Court of How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer Review ruled in 2002 that “the president did have inherent authority to conduct warrantless searches to obtain foreign intelligence information. We take for granted that the Research paper president does have that authority and, assuming that is so, FISA could not encroach on How to an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer the president’s constitutional power.” John Schmidt, President Clinton’s associate attorney general from Writing the argumentative essay yourself, 1994-97, wrote that NSA [National Security Agency] surveillance against How to essay powerpoint, al-Qaeda “is consistent with court decisions and with the positions of the Justice Department under prior presidents”; FISA, he explained, “did not alter the Writing the argumentative help constitutional situation.” Schmidt quoted Clinton Deputy Attorney General Jamie Gorelick’s 1994 testimony before the Senate Intelligence Committee: “The Department of Justice believes, and the case law supports, that the president has inherent authority to conduct warrantless physical searches for foreign intelligence purposes.” [28] Obama and his fellow critics of military commissions accuse such tribunals of trampling on the civil rights and How to viewer liberties of defendants who, the critics contend, should be entitled to College board all the rights and write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer protections afforded by the American criminal court system -- where the standards that govern the admissibility of evidence are considerably stricter than the counterpart standards in military tribunals. In November 2006 Congress passed the Military Commissions Act of 2006, formally authorizing the College board adjudication of war crimes and terrorism cases in How to write an argumentative powerpoint military courts. The House of Representatives vote was 253 to Hire a term paper writer 168 (Republicans voted 219 to 7 in favor, Democrats 160 to 34 against); the How to write an argumentative essay overall Senate margin was 65 to 34 in favor. According to the Defense Department, military tribunals, where military officers serve as the judges and jurors, are designed to yourself deal with offenses committed in the context of warfare including pillaging; terrorism; willfully killing or attacking civilians; taking hostages; employing poison or analogous weapons; using civilians as human shields; torture; mutilation or maiming; improperly using a flag of surrender; desecrating or abusing a dead body; rape; hijacking or hazarding a vessel or aircraft; aiding the enemy; spying; providing false testimony or perjury; soliciting others to How to write an argumentative powerpoint commit offenses that are triable by military jurisprudence; and intending or conspiring to commit, or to aid in the commission of, such crimes.

The issue of whether it is appropriate to try someone accused of the aforementioned transgressions in a military court depends upon how one answers a single overriding question: Is terrorism a matter of war, or is it a legal issue where redress should be pursued via the criminal-justice system like robbery, vandalism, or murder. [29] “Our government, the essay zbug Supreme Court has ruled, “by thus defining lawful belligerents entitled to be treated as prisoners of war, has recognized that there is a class of How to an argumentative essay viewer unlawful belligerents not entitled to that privilege, including those who, though combatants, do not wear ‘fixed and distinctive emblems.’” Apart from the question of whether military tribunals are a good idea philosophically, trying terrorists and war criminals in civilian rather than military courts poses a number of serious problems from a practical standpoint. For one thing, the for sale rules defining admissible and inadmissible evidence in each venue differ dramatically. In civilian trials, neither coerced testimony, nor confessions made in How to write essay viewer the absence of a Miranda warning, nor hearsay evidence can presented to the court; in Mba assignments pdf vtu military tribunals the opposite is true, provided that the powerpoint court determines such evidence to How to write essay have “probative value to a reasonable person.” Attorneys Spencer J. Crona and powerpoint Neal A. Richardson explain the profound significance of pdf vtu this: “A relaxation of the hearsay rule might become critical in a prosecution for terrorism where it may be impossible to produce live witnesses to an event which occurred years earlier in a foreign country. For example, the indictment in the Pan Am Flight 103 case details the write an argumentative essay viewer alleged purchase of clothing, by a term paper writer, Libyan intelligence agent Abdel Bassett, for How to write essay placement in the suitcase with the bomb. The clothing was used to disguise the contents of the suitcase containing the bomb, which was placed inside a radio-cassette player. Under the rules of evidence applicable in U.S. District Court, the prosecution would have to produce in person the Maltese shopkeeper to identify Abdel Bassett as the pdf vtu man who allegedly purchased the clothing back in 1988, as opposed to producing the essay viewer investigator who tracked down the shopkeeper and the argumentative essay yourself showed him a photograph of Abdel Bassett.

Even if we assume that the shopkeeper could be located six years or more after the fact, we recognize that it is nearly impossible to secure involuntary testimony from a witness who is a citizen of write powerpoint viewer a foreign country, especially one that historically has been less than sympathetic to the United States. The reach of a federal court subpoena simply does not extend to Malta.” Another exceedingly significant weakness inherent in civilian trials for terrorists is the Business help fact that in such proceedings, there exists a high likelihood that classified intelligence sources will be compromised. If the government wishes to present certain incriminating evidence in a civilian trial, which is an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer open to the public, it must disclose its sources as well as the techniques it used for obtaining the information from them. This obviously would place those sources in Hire a term writer grave danger and would quickly lead to How to an argumentative essay viewer the non-cooperation or disappearance of many of them to say nothing of the future potential informants who would undoubtedly choose to avoid placing themselves in similar peril. Board Essay? Moreover, the effectiveness of any publicly disclosed information-gathering techniques would thereafter be permanently compromised. By contrast, military tribunals permit incriminating evidence to How to write an argumentative viewer be presented to the judge and jury, while being kept secret from the public as well as from the defendant and his attorney. For those who are concerned about legal precedent, it must be understood that the use of military tribunals for the adjudication of war crimes is in no way a departure from past practices. College Zbug? military commissions were used commonly during the Civil War. Prior to that, General George Washington employed such tribunals during the American Revolution in write an argumentative essay viewer the late 18th century. Writing The Argumentative? In the era following the ratification of the How to write essay U.S.

Constitution, military tribunals were first convened by Major General Winfield Scott during the Mexican-American War of 1846-48, to adjudicate the Business help and support alleged war crimes of American troops and Mexican guerrilla fighters alike. World War II also saw the powerpoint viewer use of military courts, the most famous case involving eight marines of the Third Reich (one of whom was an American citizen named Herbert Haupt ) who rode a Nazi U-boat to the east coast of the United States, where, laden with explosives, they disembarked and College board set off toward various locations with the intent of How to write an argumentative essay viewer bombing railroads, hydroelectric plants, factories, department stores, and defense facilities across the country. The saboteurs were wearing no military uniforms or identifying emblems when they were captured, meaning that they were, in help the eyes of the law (as defined by the Supreme Court in Ex parte Quirin , quoted earlier in this article), “unlawful combatants.” Refusing to grant the perpetrators civilian jury trials, President Franklin D. Roosevelt quickly created a secret military commission to an argumentative essay hear their cases. All eight were convicted and sentenced to death, though two turncoats later had their sentences commuted to life in prison. [30] David Freddoso, The Case Against Barack Obama , p. Business? 96. [31] Thomas Sowell, Price Controls, Capitalism (November 16, 2005).

Dr. Sowell writes: It so happens there is a history of price controls and How to write an argumentative viewer their consequences in countries around the world, going back literally thousands of years. A Term? But most people who advocate price controls are unaware of, and uninterested in, that history . [32] David Freddoso, The Case Against Barack Obama, pp. How To Write Essay Powerpoint Viewer? 205-206.

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14 Skills and Values Employers Seek in How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint, Jobseekers. by Randall S. Hansen, Ph.D., and Katharine Hansen, Ph.D. Job Skills to list on College board, your Resume. Deals with acting in How to an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer, a responsible and Mba assignments fair manner in all your personal and work activities, which is seen as a sign of maturity and self-confidence; avoid being petty. How to describe this skill on your resume: Conscientious go-getter who is highly organized, dedicated, and committed to professionalism. Employers probably respect personal integrity more than any other value, especially in light of the many recent corporate scandals. Write Essay Powerpoint? How to describe this skill on your resume: Seasoned professional whose honesty and integrity create effective leadership and optimal business relationships.

Deals with openness to new ideas and concepts, to working independently or as part of a team, and to carrying out multiple tasks or projects. How to describe this skill on your resume: Highly adaptable, mobile, positive, resilient, patient risk-taker who is open to the argumentative essay yourself new ideas. Employers seek jobseekers who love what they do and will keep at How to powerpoint viewer, it until they solve the problem and get the job done. Essay Help Yourself? How to write essay powerpoint describe this skill on your resume: Productive worker with solid work ethic who exerts optimal effort in successfully completing tasks. 5.Dependability/Reliability/Responsibility. There#8217;s no question that all employers desire employees who will arrive to work every day? on time? and ready to work, and who will take responsibility for their actions.

How to describe this skill on your resume: Dependable, responsible contributor committed to excellence and success. Employers want employees who will have a strong devotion to the company? even at Mba assignments pdf vtu, times when the company is not necessarily loyal to its employees. How to describe this skill on your resume: Loyal and How to viewer dedicated manager with an excellent work record. 7.Positive Attitude/Motivation/Energy/Passion. The jobseekers who get hired and the employees who get promoted are the ones with drive and passion? and who demonstrate this enthusiasm through their words and actions. How to describe this skill on Mba assignments pdf vtu, your resume: Energetic performer consistently cited for unbridled passion for viewer work, sunny disposition, and the argumentative essay upbeat, positive attitude. Look at it this way: if you don#8217;t believe in yourself, in How to write essay viewer, your unique mix of skills, education, and board abilities, why should a prospective employer? Be confident in yourself and what you can offer employers.

How to describe this skill on your resume: Confident, hard-working employee who is viewer, committed to achieving excellence. 9.Self-Motivated/Ability to Work Without Supervision. While teamwork is always mentioned as an important skill, so is the ability to work independently, with minimal supervision. How to describe this skill on your resume: Highly motivated self-starter who takes initiative with minimal supervision. No matter what your age, no matter how much experience you have, you should always be willing to learn a new skill or technique. Jobs are constantly changing and evolving, and you must show an Business and support openness to grow and learn with that change. How to describe this skill on your resume: Enthusiastic, knowledge-hungry learner, eager to meet challenges and quickly assimilate new concepts. While there is some debate about whether leadership is something people are born with, these skills deal with your ability to an argumentative essay powerpoint take charge and manage your co-workers.

How to Hire paper writer describe this skill on your resume: Goal-driven leader who maintains a productive climate and confidently motivates, mobilizes, and coaches employees to meet high-performance standards. 12.Multicultural Sensitivity/Awareness. There is possibly no bigger issue in the workplace than diversity, and write an argumentative essay viewer jobseekers must demonstrate a sensitivity and awareness to other people and help yourself cultures. How to describe this skill on your resume: Personable professional whose strengths include cultural sensitivity and an ability to build rapport with a diverse workforce in multicultural settings. Deals with your ability to design, plan, organize, and implement projects and How to an argumentative powerpoint viewer tasks within an allotted timeframe. Also, involves goal-setting.

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film essay questions Common Sense + Film Theory = Common-Sense Film Theory? Start with this question, which I think is an argumentative essay one of the How to write on myself most fascinating we can ask: What enables us to understand films? All films? Well, set aside some hard cases, like Brakhage abstractions and transmissions of the Crab Nebula from the Hubble telescope (above). Let’s start with a prototype: a film whose moving images present more or less recognizable persons, places, and things caught up in what we intuitively call stories. Write Essay Powerpoint. In other words, an ordinary movie shown in theatres and on video.

At one time, film theorists were considerably interested in Mba assignments the issue of comprehension. The heyday of film semiology, roughly from the mid-1960s to the end of the 1970s, brought forth vigorous conjectures about how we grasp images and comprehend stories. How To Write An Argumentative Powerpoint. One of the boldest proposals was the idea that understanding rests upon codesrule-governed relations between the Writing the argumentative yourself signifier (a material thing, like an image) and a signified (a concept). In other words, a shot of write essay powerpoint a cat not only picked out Mba assignments pdf vtu a particular cat but signified the How to write an argumentative powerpoint viewer concept cat. Likewise, we understand a chase scene because we know the a cosmetology essay on myself cinematic code for this concept. In Naked City , we see alternating shots of two men running, and we decode the whole scene as showing a man pursued and his pursuer. Semiology was a promising attempt to study comprehension in a systematic way. This school of How to an argumentative essay viewer thought called our attention to the ways in which mainstream films are highly structured for audience pickup.

Everything we understand in a movie could be taken as the result of Hire a term paper writer our deciphering codes, governed by rules and presenting a coherent menu of How to write an argumentative viewer alternatives. 1. For some thinkers, the concept of codes promised to give substance to a term, the age-old “film grammar” metaphor. Despite some crucial differences, maybe film was really a sort of audiovisual language, with its own syntax. And since verbal languages vary dramatically across societies, so might the codes of picturing or of storytelling. How To Write An Argumentative Essay Powerpoint Viewer. Just as language must be learned, so too perhaps the codes of Business help and support cinema require learning. Semiological research reminded us that what seems natural is often very artificial, and relative to one society rather than another. In another culture, the code of an argumentative essay traffic signals might employ not red, yellow, and green lights, but any other colors. The notion of codes also suited an emerging view of what one influential book of the time called the “social construction of reality.” 2 Would people from cultures without cinema or television be able to essay, recognize the blobs on the screen as people and settings? Do codes go all the How to write essay powerpoint viewer way down to the very core of our perception? At some point someone was sure to bring up the idea that Eskimos had six or ten or thirty different words for what Americans just called “snow.” 3.

Today, classic semiologists are rare in film studies. You will seldom find a researcher talking of codes, or raising questions of comprehension. Nevertheless the Research paper for sale lined idea that filmic expression is quite arbitrary, socially constructed, and learned remains in the ether. Film academics assume, along with most humanists, that once you set aside some uninteresting aspects of the human creature, usually summed up as “physiology,” culture goes all the way down. Beyond cell division and digestion, let’s say, everything is cultural, and to invoke any other explanations risks rejection. In Narration in the Fiction Film (1985), I asked how we could best explain our grasp of an argumentative powerpoint one aspect of cinema, the flow of story information I called narration. I argued that since most narrative films were made in order to be experienced by viewers, we ought to Hire paper, study the strategies filmmakers used to elicit understanding. Most of How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer those strategies, it seemed to me, exploited rather general human perceptual and cognitive capacities. Perceptual research of the 1970s was dominated by a school of thought derived ultimately from the great psychophysicist Helmholtz. “New Look” perceptual psychologists like Jerome Bruner and essay zbug, Richard Gregory held that the stimuli hitting our sense organs were noisy, incomplete, and ambiguous; we needed higher-level faculties to sort them out. Illusions like the famous duck/ rabbit showed that when we could not decide between one visual configuration and another, endless ambiguity was the result. How To Write Essay. The eye, as was commonly said, was part of the mind.

Seeing in the full sense was a kind of inference to the best explanation: What could be out there that would produce this pattern on the retina? At first, this research tradition meshed neatly with the the argumentative help yourself emerging discipline of cognitive science. An Argumentative Powerpoint Viewer. In the early 1980s, cognitive scientists were largely focused on the argumentative yourself matters of language, reasoning, applying categories, and making decisions about action. An Argumentative Powerpoint. 4 As with New Look thinking, cognitive science saw mental activity as a quasi-Kantian interplay of input stimuli and conceptual structures, sometimes called schemas, that made sense of the data. Those structures might be all-purpose or specialized, diffuse (like, say, the ability to solve problems) or single-purpose (the ability to recognize faces). Again, inference was the model, although some mental inferences, like those involved in and support vision, were held to How to write an argumentative, be fast, automatic, and “informationally encapsulated” (i.e., ignorant of anything outside their dedicated domain).

5 Eventually, the inferential approach would become the basis of a computational approach to both perception and cognition, and it probably remains the dominant view in psychological research. How adequate were New Look perceptual theory and Research paper for sale, Cog Sci mental mechanics to How to an argumentative viewer, explaining everyday thinking? NiFF tried to be somewhat agnostic on certain points, but it did argue that these psychological frames of reference were helpful in studying films. Perceptually, films are illusions, not reality; cognitively, they are not the blooming, buzzing confusion of Research for sale lined life but rather simplified ensembles of elements, designed to be understood. They are made to engage thought, particularly thought that goes “beyond the information given.” 6 Film narratives, like narratives in all media, abstract and streamline their real-world components for smooth pickup and invite us to fill in what is left unshown and unsaid. How To Write Viewer. What outline drawings are to the eye, narratives are to the mind. So NiFF claimed that we could study films as ensembles of cues that prompt inferential extrapolation at essay zbug many levelsof perception, of comprehension, and of interpretation. In other words, films prompt us to How to write powerpoint, apply schemas, or knowledge structures, to Mba assignments, what we see moment by moment on the screen.

Those schemas can be based in real-world knowledge or filmic conventions. An Argumentative Essay Powerpoint. Each type posed problems for the concept of codes. Real-world knowledge may not be as strictly structured as the How to write a cosmetology concept of code suggests. A schema is less rigid than the traditional concept of How to write an argumentative powerpoint viewer code; it may not exist as binary alternatives or rule-governed choices. Some schemas are fuzzy, with their members conceived as prototypes or core/periphery structures. So for us a robin is a prototypical bird, a penguin or ostrich is not. The latter might be prototypes for write a cosmetology essay on myself people in other cultures, but that doesn’t invalidate the point that some categories are organized by “best-instance” criteria rather than hard and fast boundaries. Some cinematic conventions more crisply structured: You can end a scene with a cut or a fade or a dissolve or a wipe or a swish-pan.and that’s about it. So sometimes we encounter, particularly within certain cinematic traditions, a sort of menu of write an argumentative essay options we might call a code.

But a lot of conventions, like those indicating the overall space of a scene’s action, are looser. Mba Assignments Pdf Vtu. There is no rule that requires a long-shot to be followed by a close-up, the way a preposition in language requires an object. There is no code that dictates that a sexy scene must be red-tinted or accompanied by hazy saxophone music, but when such cues emerge, we make a probabilistic inference that seduction isn’t far off. How To Powerpoint Viewer. Not all conventions, it seems, are coded. Pdf Vtu. NiFF studied several of these conventions under the rubrics of causality, time, and space. How To An Argumentative Essay Powerpoint. Those three categories, NiFF claimed, are basic to narrative and to human cognition, and so they ought to play roles in the process by which we understand stories. Further, NiFF argued that the Hire a term paper conventions that guide our inferential extrapolation don’t simply float free in space.

There were recurring clusters of favored choices for presenting causality, time, and space. These modes included “classical” narration, “art-cinema” narration, and others. Powerpoint. The historical layout still seems valid to lined, me, and they seem to have proven useful to other researchers. Theoretically, however, NiFF ran into problems in an argumentative the role it assigned to inference. At the time of a term paper writer writing NiFF , I was aware of the writings of How to an argumentative essay J. J. Gibson and his insistence that perception evolved in a cosmetology essay on myself environments very different from the impoverished information that New Look theorists assumed triggered perception.

In the How to essay viewer three-dimensional world in which creatures like us live, the the argumentative help yourself stimuli are not typically partial or degraded; they are in fact quite rich, even redundant. Moving through space, we register an optic flow that specifies the layout of surfaces quite precisely. 7. NiFF finessed this problem by saying that even if Gibson’s account of ordinary perception were right, films don’t present the informational array afforded by the real world. How To Write An Argumentative Essay. Film imagesflat, often in Business help and support black-and-whiteare in principle as ambiguous as the duck/rabbit. How To Write Viewer. I invoked the splendid Ames Room as evidence that, being monocular, cinema images were inherently ambiguous. 8. This now seems to me misguided.

Films, as Gibson himself pointed out, disambiguate their images to lined, a huge extent by the sheer fact of movement. It would take a mental effort no one could summon up to see alternative ways to construe a normal shot of three men in a room. My mistake was the same as the New Look theorists: I picked the wrong prototype. Just as illusions aren’t fair samples of How to write an argumentative essay viewer perception in the wild, so the Hire Ames Room is an How to write powerpoint, extraordinary piece of Mba assignments filmmaking artifice, not a typical one. My old friends Barb and How to write an argumentative viewer, Joe Anderson were right: Gibson has the paper best of this argument. 9 (That still won’t settle whether the inferential/computational approach or the ecological approach is the better explanation of natural vision. On that I retreat to the amateur’s agnosticism.) I was on essay viewer surer ground, I think, in treating narrative comprehension as a version of inference-making. But NiFF pushed it in a problematic direction. Considering narrative comprehension as inferential led me to bring in the Russian Formalist distinction between fabula and syuzhet . These two terms have been used in several ways, but the a term paper writer most plausible way, it seemed to me then and seems still, is to see fabula as the chronological-causal string of events that may be presented by the syuzhet , the How to essay configuration of events in the narrative text as we have it. Clearly the distinction is useful as an analytical tool, to study how a narrative can “deform” its underlying story for aesthetic purposes.

But NiFF went beyond treating the Business textbook help and support distinction as purely a tool for analysis. It argued that it was psychologically real; that as we encountered events in the syuzhet , we were tacitly building up the fabula too. The process is a bit like double-entry bookkeeping, with the viewer keeping track not only of what is happening each moment on the screen but also slotting that into the chronological pattern of fabula events. This seemed to be a clear case that melded bottom-up input with top-down cognition. Unfortunately, some people argued, it’s psychologically implausible. Write An Argumentative Essay. Eventually I had to agree.

For one thing, we aren’t aware of building up a fabula in our heads, the way we can be at least partially aware of, say, solving a crossword puzzle. Help Yourself. For another, we can’t access it easily; try stopping a film on video and reciting the entire chain of events leading up to the moment of How to viewer pause. Business Textbook And Support. Worse, try at the end of the an argumentative powerpoint viewer movie to grasp mentally the entire fabula you’ve purportedly worked out. Chances are you can’t do it. Given that our memories are reconstructive rather than photographic, creating an College zbug, accurate fabula is extremely difficult. More theoretically, Julian Hochberg and Virginia Brooks proposed some reasons that the viewer’s mental representation for the most part cannot reflect the How to essay powerpoint viewer underlying structure of the film. 10. I think that NiFF made the valid point that our understanding of narrative is often inferential, and we do flesh out what we’re given. Paper Lined. But I now think that the inference-making takes place in a very narrow window of time, and it leaves few tangible traces. How To Write Essay Powerpoint. What is built up in our memory as we move through a film is something more approximate, more idiosyncratic, more distorted by strong moments, and more subject to error than the fabula that the pdf vtu analyst can draw up. Indeed, the real constraints on what we can recall make deceptive narration like that in Mildred Pierce and other films possible.

11. Still, I think the error was a productive one. In assigning to the spectator the How to write task of essay ongoing fabula construction, NiFF harmonized with one premise I consider central: a holistic sense of form. Even if we scan the an argumentative essay entire narrative through a narrow slit, it’s important for the analyst and theorist to consider the overall design of the College board work, the How to write more or less coherent principles that govern the Research paper for sale lined unfolding tale. I’m thinking of such matters as smoothly cascading character goals, psychological motives and personality change, gradual development of knowledge, shifts in viewpoint, repeated and write an argumentative powerpoint viewer, varied motifs, and finer-grained patterns of visual and sonic presentation. In an analysis of Mba assignments Jerry Maguire , for instance, I tried to show how such features were operating at an argumentative viewer many scales, creating a considerable formal richness. 12. Such design features need to be accounted for, especially when they crop up in Hire an otherwise innocuous popular movie. How To. Why are many movies more tightly organized than they need to be, given the drastic limits on viewer attention and memory? Clearly, goals, motifs, and the rest aim to for sale lined, shape the spectator’s experience in some respect, and we may well register many of them at some level of awareness. NiFF posited a too-sapient viewer, but methodologically at least, it’s better to How to write powerpoint viewer, point up many things that a spectator could respond to, even if no real spectator grasps or recalls all of Mba assignments them.

Indeed, some narrative traditions seem to try to pack things tightly, so that readers or viewers can return to the book or film and an argumentative powerpoint, notice things that escaped them on College a first pass. Here, as elsewhere, NiFF ’s desire to mix formal analysis with an account of spectator response created some gaps in the theory, but in some respects it’s better to have more to an argumentative essay powerpoint, explain (about the How to write on myself architecture and detail of the How to write essay film) than less. It’s a dynamic I’m still trying to refine many years later. For the most part, NiFF explicitly left aside the the argumentative help yourself emotional dimensions of narration. That was done on the assumption that comprehension as such was relatively insulated from affective response. You can follow a story, I claimed, without being moved by it. This emphasis was again consistent with mainstream 1970s and 1980s cognitive science; the index of How to powerpoint viewer Martin Gardner’s 1985 survey, The Mind’s New Science , contains no entry for “emotion.” And I did consider what we might call some “cognitive emotions”: curiosity, suspense, and surprise, all called up by the process of narration. Writing The Argumentative Essay Help. In the decades since the essay powerpoint book was written, however, the relation of help and support emotion to cognition has become central to cognitive science, and it has been explored by several film scholars working in the cognitivist paradigm. 13 It’s still not something I focus on, but it’s obviously of great importance. Finally, someone might ask: Why contrast NiFF ’s cognitive approach with semiology, which was passing out of favor when the How to essay book was written? Surely the dominant approaches emerging in the 80’s were neo-Marxism, psychoanalysis, cultural studies, and the study of modernity and writer, postmodernity.

Here’s my answer. These perspectives don’t play a role in NiFF , or in How to an argumentative essay viewer this essay, because their proponents weren’t asking about how films are understood. These writers focused on questions of how social, cultural, and psychodynamic processes were represented in films. Typically those questions were answered by interpreting individual films, reading them for traces of the larger processes made salient by the given theory. 14 My concern was explaining, not explicating; I wanted functional and causal-historical accounts of why films in various traditions displayed certain regularities in Research for sale their narrational strategies. That was, I thought, most pertinent to the semiological line of inquiry.

In the period since NiFF was published, cognitive film studies has moved in parallel with cognitive science generally. Viewer. We have had neurological studies of film viewing; we have seen appeals to evolutionary psychology; we have seen studies of suprapersonal patterns of for sale emergence. Write An Argumentative Powerpoint Viewer. 15 These all seem to me fruitful. In what follows, I want to sketch out some ideas that I’d develop in a new and improved version of NiFF . These bear on our perception of images, on folk psychology, and on social intelligence. A Term Paper. All of these have been developed, at least a little, in work I’ve done in more recent years.

We speak of “reading” an image, but do certain kinds of imagesthose that common sense declares “realistic”demand anything like the write deciphering that printed language does? How much does grasping an image depend on learned conventions of representation? In NiFF I waffled on the question too much. Although I accepting that some aspects of image perception rode on skills acquired in commerce with the world, I granted some role to learning and familiarity with a “carpentered world.” More subtle is Paul Messaris’s admirable Visual Literacy: Image, Mind, and Reality (1994). Messaris reviews the How to a cosmetology on myself anthropological and psychological literature in a very clear fashion. How To. He points out that some conventions for representing depth in Business still images may not be widely understandable; the classic example is the drawing above, which was interpreted by viewers in write some African cultures as a hunter pointing his spear at Research paper lined a very tiny elephant. 16 This suggested that some pictorial depth cues require repeated exposure or training. But when it comes to recognizing objects that viewers know from everyday experience, there is no problem. The African viewers recognized the tiny elephant as an elephant. When it comes to moving pictures, the issue is How to write an argumentative essay even clearer.

Messaris finds no evidence that people previously unacquainted with movies fail to grasp the Business textbook and support persons, places, and write an argumentative viewer, things shown on the screen. This is congruent with more recent research by Stephan Schwan and Sermin Ildirar, who studied adult viewers’ first experience of watching films. Help. 17 Indeed, all three researchers offer evidence that even some editing techniques are immediately understood by first-time viewers. On the “film as language” question Messaris’s conclusions are clear: What distinguishes images (including motion pictures) from language and from other modes of How to write an argumentative powerpoint viewer communication is the fact that images reproduce many of the informational cues that people make us of in their perception of Business textbook physical and How to write, social reality. Our ability to infer what is represented in an image is based largely on this property, rather than on How to write familiarity with arbitrary conventions (whereas the latter play a primary role in the interpretation of language, mathematics, and so on) . Write An Argumentative Essay. 18.

Messaris’s review suggests that grasping pictures rides on our abilities to identify objects and spatial layouts in the real world. Some intriguing research on infants reinforces the point. In a famous experiment, Julian Hochberg and Virginia Brooks kept their son away from pictures during his first eighteen months. He did occasionally see billboards and a few picture books and labels, but when a picture was encountered, the parents never pointed out a term paper writer its contents or tried to name them. At nineteen months, when the boy was starting to spontaneously call out names of things he spotted in accidental images, “It was evident that some form of How to essay powerpoint parental response to such identification would soon become unavoidable.” In a series of tests the write a cosmetology on myself boy was shown line drawings and pictures of write essay powerpoint viewer dolls, shoes, toy trucks, keys, and other familiar objects. He named them to a high degree of accuracy. Hochberg and Brooks concluded: It seems clear from the paper for sale results that at least one human child is How to an argumentative essay powerpoint capable of recognizing pictorial representations of solid objects (including bare outline drawings) without specific training or instruction.

This ability necessarily includes a certain amount of what we normally expect to occur in the way of figure-ground separation and contour formation. At the very least, we must infer that there is an unlearned propensity to respond to help, certain formal features of lines-on-paper in viewer the same way as one has learned to respond to the same features when displayed by the edges of pdf vtu surfaces. Hochberg and How to write essay powerpoint viewer, Brooks used only still pictures, although their son did once glimpse a horse on TV. (He cried, “Dog!”) What about moving images? For several years psychologists tested babies’ abilities to recognize facial expressions in lined still pictures and movies, with mixed results. 20 Babies’ attention can be captured by external stimuli at How to essay viewer an early age, and they start to control their focus and attention in the second month. Business Textbook Help And Support. By the seventh month, they are responding accurately to pictures and moving-image displays. Yet it’s possible that recognition starts much earlier. In ingenious experiments, Lynne Murray and Colwyn Trevarthen set up TV cameras so that nine-week-old babies and their mothers, stationed in different rooms, could see each other on monitors.

The experimenters wanted to record the interactions between them, as well as to vary the timing of responses through pauses and replays. 21. Murray and Trevarthen’s conclusions about the write powerpoint babies’ ability to synchronize their responses with the mothers’ expressions has touched off considerable debate and Hire a term paper, further experimentation. 22 That’s not what matters for us as students of cinema. What’s relevant for us is that the babies evidently did, in both real time and in tape delay, recognize the moving images of their mothers. What was methodology for Murray and Trevarthen is substantive evidence for us. Very young babies could grasp the video image, at How to essay viewer least to some extent, as a representation of the most familiar person in their lives. If babies do need to learn to help, recognize images, that learning seems to take place very fast. In fact, we might better speak of elicitation rather than learning: Given normal circumstances of human development, all that’s needed is How to write essay powerpoint viewer exposure to real-world persons, places, and things. Recognizing such things in a moving-image display seems to Research, come along for free.

This account makes sense in How to essay powerpoint the light of evolution, as others and I have argued elsewhere. 23. Folk psychology: Success stories. There is a lot more to Mba assignments pdf vtu, be said and How to write an argumentative, studied about grasping moving images as representations of real-world items, most saliently people, but let me turn now to some matters of College zbug narrative that I’ve rethought since NiFF was published. Recognizing the contents of realistic images, I’ve suggested, depends heavily upon our everyday perceptual abilities. Similarly, filmic storytelling relies upon cognitive dispositions and habits we’ve developed in a real-world context. That’s not to say that films capture reality straightforwardly; as we’ll see, there are plenty of dodges and How to write powerpoint viewer, feints.

It’s simply to say that ordinary perception and and support, cognition ground what narrative filmmakers do. On that foundation quite various, even fantastic, edifices can be built. Central to narrative psychology, I’ve come to suspect, is write essay that elusive thing called folk psychology. Folk psychology calls on “common sense”our everyday habits of attributing qualities, beliefs, desires, intentions, and pdf vtu, the like to ourselves and to How to write powerpoint viewer, people around us. There is considerable evidence that many core procedures of common-sense reasoning are cross-cultural universals. 24. Consider “person perception.” We tend to arrive at quick impressions about those around us. Business Textbook. At a glance we judge a person’s age, gender, race, and personal attributes (Birkenstocks tell us one thing, bling another). From their facial expressions, gestures, and voice, we judge their emotional states. Our habits obviously transfer to write an argumentative powerpoint, stories, which present persons, or at least person-like creatures like Daffy Duck. To follow the story we have to assign the Mba assignments pdf vtu characters certain qualities.

When introducing a character to us, a film narrative simply hijacks our everyday capacities to build up a quick impression, even (or especially) if that relies on stereotypes. That impression may be confirmed, tested, or repudiated as the How to write an argumentative powerpoint story develops, but our quick and dirty habits of person perception provide a point of pdf vtu departure. We also indulge in mind-reading. We attribute beliefs, desires, and intentions to ourselves and to others. You want a burger; you stop at a burger joint to get one. You act on your desire based on beliefs about the world, most notably the belief that you can get a burger at write powerpoint viewer that joint. Maybe you did it all without explicit thinking, but in a term retrospect you create a little story of powerpoint coherent causes. We interpret others’ actions the Mba assignments same way. If my friend says he wants a burger, and then I see him head for a burger joint, I infer that he’s acting on his beliefs and write essay viewer, desires. Of course that inference can be overridden; later I might find that he went to get a milkshake or to flirt with a waitress.

But even revising the inference requires the same schema. Essay Help Yourself. ( Aha, he really wanted a shake, or a date for tonight .) From first to last, stories ask us to an argumentative essay powerpoint, apply what Daniel Dennett calls “the intentional stance,” or what many would just call common sense. 25 At the start of The Big Clock (1947), we see George Stroud slinking along a corridor and avoiding a guard. He dodges behind a pillar and lets the guard pass before we hear his voice-over: “Whew! That was close.” George proceeds along a corridor, looking back nervously, as the voice-over continues: “What if I get inside the Research paper clock and the watchman’s there?”

From George’s disheveled appearance and furtive movements, as well as the How to write an argumentative essay viewer stream-of-consciousness commentary, we have no trouble inferring his beliefs (he’s being hunted) and his desire (to take refuge). We’ll accordingly judge his future actions as advancing his intentions to How to write a cosmetology, escape detection, even as his plans and write an argumentative powerpoint, his backstory will get specified further. The centrality of characters’ goals in classical filmmaking, of paper writer which Kristin and I have made much on How to write viewer this site and in our research, fits our folk-psychological tendency to pick out textbook help and support actions that fulfill desires in the light of characters’ beliefs. The web of intentions can get very complicatedthink of all the beliefs and desires at play in The Godfather but we’re very good at tracking them because we expect that social situations exhibit what people are planning to achieve. To bring babies back in, it seems that they too can do mind-reading. One-year-olds attribute goals to robotic blobs that chirp and move as if they had intentions. Write An Argumentative Essay. 26. There are enormous philosophical debates around the belief-desire component of folk psychology. Research For Sale Lined. 27 Is it truly explanatory, or just vacuous? But we don’t have to worry about whether it’s true; what matters is that filmmakers invoke it and How to write essay viewer, film viewers follow their lead.

Storytellers are practical psychologists, preying (usually in a good sense) on our habits of mind in paper writer order to write powerpoint, produce experiences. Still, there are important ways in which folk psychology leads us astray. Film exploits those too. Folk psychology: The downside. In Everything Is Obvious* (*Once You Know the Answer) , Duncan J. Watts points out Business textbook that one problem with classic belief-desire psychology is that it is How to an argumentative designed to explain individual behavior in concrete circumstances.

It doesn’t scale up well to explain large-scale trends. A big event like the recent recession/ depression or the quieting down of violence in Iraq is easy to attribute to decisions taken by Bush or Obama or Petraeus. In fact, the actual causes of such macro-events are likely to be multiple, complex, and Writing the argumentative yourself, not visible to us. We tend to apply person-perception habits to How to essay viewer, events that occur on a scale beyond that of individual action. Watts’ book is a contribution to help and support, “Wrongology,” the study of our tendencies to overestimate our abilities, make simple logical errors, and act inconsistently. The research area has its roots in the studies of heuristics and How to an argumentative, biases conducted by Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky. Business Textbook Help. 28 Rationality, as postulated by How to write an argumentative viewer, philosophers and economists, seems to be a rare gift. Writing Essay Help Yourself. To take a now-classic example: Linda is 31 years old, single, outspoken, and very bright. How To Write An Argumentative Viewer. She majored in philosophy. As a student, she was deeply concerned with issues of discrimination and writer, social justice, and also participated in anti-nuclear demonstrations.

Now, which is more likely? Linda is a bank clerk and a feminist. Most people say the write an argumentative powerpoint viewer latter is more probable, although it can’t be. By adding a second condition to the first, we make the second statement less likely. If people reasoned according to formal logic, they would recognize this as a fallacy of conjunction. Clearly social beliefs about fairness are involved, along with some mind-reading on Veronica’s part ( If I offer her too little, she could get vindictive and I could lose it all ). Research For Sale Lined. Such factors have made the players’ behaviors depart from strict economic rationality. Economists and psychologists who recognize such “predictably irrational” pressures have created a discipline called behavioral economics. So folk psychology has its own biases. Linda is said to be a bank teller and How to write an argumentative powerpoint viewer, a feminist because her profile fits a stereotype of feminists. This is sometimes called the availability heuristic , the tendency to apply the Mba assignments pdf vtu handiest schema to powerpoint viewer, a situation. There is as well confirmation bias , the habit of How to write on myself looking only for evidence that supports the idea you’re leaning toward.

Once you’ve decided you’d really like an iPad, you’re likely to overlook all the critical comments on the gadget in reviews. An Argumentative Essay Powerpoint. If you believe in College board essay astrology, you’ll tend to remember the times that your horoscope seemed to predict what happened to How to powerpoint, you and forget the more numerous times when it failed to College board, do so. Watts points out the reconstructive nature of memory as another biasing effect. We tend to recast our recollection of viewer what happened in light of present circumstances. One of my favorite biases is the primacy effect , already discussed in a blog entry. Logically, the order in Mba assignments pdf vtu which items on a list are presented should not affect how we think of them, but it does. Take Hong Kong supermogul Leonard Ho’s three daughters. Which of their names doesn’t belong with the other two? Obviously, it’s Pansy that’s out of step, since she doesn’t rhyme with her sisters.

But present them in reverse order: and the outlier is Maisy, who isn’t named after a flower. The first item in an argumentative powerpoint viewer a series tends to serve as a benchmark against which we measure the ones that follow. I’ve always felt sorry that a brilliant writer like Donald Westlake inevitably sits low and distant on paperback racks while hacks like Jeffrey Archer benefit from the primacy effect. Again and again, narratives manipulate our psychological biases. For instance, once you’ve decided that George Stroud in The Big Clock is fleeing someone, everything he does tends to confirm that. The filmmakers exploit confirmation bias. Likewise, the syuzhet layout relies on the primacy effect.

The film starts at a point of crisis, with George fleeing his boss’s goons. The narration then flashes back to the beginning of the College zbug action, when George tried to escape from Janoth’s overweening control by taking a long-promised vacation with his family. The prologue warns us to watch for anything that will push Stroud into danger, and we quickly expect that he will not go on the vacation. Had the film begun with the more prosaic events that come earliest in the fabula , we would not have been on the alert for Stroud’s plunge into How to write essay powerpoint a critical situation. The prologue also signals the importance of the zbug clock as a sinister force and How to write powerpoint viewer, time as a motif through the help and support film. Alternatively, narratives can upset our biases, as when we’re forced to reevaluate a character about whom we formed firm initial impressions. How To An Argumentative Essay Powerpoint. We’re obliged to do this with Danny Ciello in the closing moments of Business textbook Prince of the City . Here the film lures us with the primacy effect and How to, the availability heuristic (Catholic cop plagued by a term paper, guilt decides to go straight). Confirmation bias keeps our sympathy with him across the film; everything supports him as righteous victim. But at the end a question emerges: might Danny be more corrupt than we had thought? Meier Sternberg describes this as the “rise and fall of How to write essay first impressions,” and for sale, it often depends on the power of the primacy effect.

29 At the limit, a narrative film can try to avoid setting up any clear-cut first impressions, as happens in “art films” like In the How to write an argumentative powerpoint City of Sylvia . 30. Sometimes one aspect of folk psychology can rescue another. For instance, Watts points out that the Ultimatum Game doesn’t work the same way in all societies. In experiments with the Machiguenga tribe of Peru, the write a cosmetology essay moneyed partner tended to offer only about a quarter of the total, and nearly all offers were accepted. Both parties were being more “rational” by the economists’ standards. But now belief-desire psychology kicks in. In Machiguenga society, the primary bonds are with the How to essay powerpoint immediate family, and strangers are of lower status. A Term Writer. So the moneyed partner felt little obligation to make a fair split, and the recipient was happy with whatever was offered. Write An Argumentative Essay Viewer. Once we know this, the write a cosmetology essay on myself Machiguenga strategy makes sense. 31 A similar sort of thing happens in How to viewer fantasy and science-fiction films.

Once we learn the unique laws and etiquette of Writing the argumentative yourself Hogwarts or the Matrix, then familiar belief-desire-intention patterns can lock in. Folk psychology takes us beyond the purely perceptual level I started with; it carries us into the realm of social intelligence. Mind-reading requires us to detect, sometimes on very faint cues, what people are expressing or signaling through their behavior. Elsewhere I’ve talked about How to write an argumentative essay this in cases involving eye behaviorblinking and Writing the argumentative yourself, eyebrows, in particular. But there’s much more to write powerpoint viewer, be done with the ways in which cinema mobilizes our social intelligence in order to track a narrative. Sometimes the help and support narrative eases our task by How to write powerpoint, making things redundant and clear; sometimes the How to a cosmetology film throws up problems, making it hard to understand characters’ intentions or reactions, as in How to an argumentative powerpoint the enigmatic veteran played by Henry Fonda in Daisy Kenyon . I found the concept of social intelligence especially useful in explaining a form of cinematic storytelling that has become prominent since the 1990s, what I called the network narrative. These “degrees of separation” tales rely on our socially cultivated ability to track how people are connected to paper, others by proximity, kinship, or acquaintance, and how their different states of knowledge create dramatic tension. How To An Argumentative Essay Viewer. 32 We might as well call it the Mba assignments soap-opera effect.

Again, however, such films are likely to write an argumentative essay, streamline the vast complexity of real-world social networks: the networks in movies like Love, Actually and Sunshine State tend to be simple and Writing, redundantly stated. More elliptically narrated films like Edward Yang Dechan’s Terrorizers and Benedek Fliegauf’s Forest may require more careful sorting and later rethinking of character connections. Another aspect of folk psychology, crucial to narrative but neglected in NiFF , merits more study: emotional response. In particular, some psychologists point to the infectiousness of emotion. Babies share smiles with us, perhaps partly as an evolutionary strategy to make us want to nurture them. (Even blind newborns smile, so it can’t be something learned from watching others.) Some researchers argue that our capacities for empathy depend on “mirror” cells tuned to respond to others’ movements and emotion and allow us to register some degree of mimicry. 33 Macaque monkeys’ mirror neurons fire not only when they watch a mate grasping a cup but also when they watch a film of a mate doing it. (More evidence that film images require no special code-learning.) V. S. Ramachandran suggests that mirror neurons could explain the fact that a mother sticking out How to an argumentative powerpoint her tongue provokes her newborn baby to do the same, a presumably innate response. 34 If assumptions about How to on myself mirror neurons in humans turn out to be well-founded, we may find that cinema, with its ability to capture gesture and the flickers of facial expressions, is an ideal medium for write an argumentative essay powerpoint triggering involuntary reactions (kinesthetic, emotional), which can in Business textbook and support turn can be recruited for narrative purposes. Uncommon sources of common sense. Someone might suggest that this general line of thinking leads to observations that are quite superficial.

What viewer doesn’t see that George Stroud in How to an argumentative essay viewer The Big Clock is trying to avoid the guards? I’d reply that once we move beyond the moment to look at Mba assignments strategies of patterning at different scales, we find things aren’t so obvious; that was the primary task of an argumentative essay NiFF . But I grant that our point of departure will seem very commonsensical. In fact, NiFF and other things I’ve written have been charged with committing “common-sense film theory.” In one way that’s true. The humanities have in the argumentative essay yourself general suffered from straining for the most far-fetched accounts of write viewer how art, literature, and music work. In the literary humanities in particular, ingenious interpretations often relying on free-association, wordplay, and talking points lifted from favored penseurs get more notice than plausible explanations do. How To Write A Cosmetology Essay On Myself. In various places I’ve argued for naturalistic and empirical explanations as the best option we have in answering middle-range questions, and even bigger ones like “How do we comprehend movies?” Sometimes our answers will not be counterintuitive. Viewer. To say that looking at College board essay images recruits our skills of looking at the world will not surprise many people; but it is How to essay viewer likely to be true.

What’s likely to be counterintuitive are the discoveries of mechanisms that undergird perception. Would common sense predict that an object’s form, color, movement, and spatial location are analyzed along distinct pathways in the visual system? Personally I find this idea more exciting than postmodernist puns and Business textbook help, term-juggling. 35. More important, we can embrace common sense at a meta-level. Recognizing that it is in How to write an argumentative play in narrative comprehension makes it something we need to analyze. We can understand filmic understanding better if we recognize what’s intuitively obvious, and then go on to ask what in the film, and in the argumentative our psychological and social make-up, makes something obvious. And those factors may not be obvious in How to write an argumentative essay powerpoint themselves. In other words, we may need a better understanding of how common sense works, and how films play off it and play with it. That understanding may in turn oblige us to College essay, accept empirical experiment, evolutionary thinking, and neurological researchall of which most literary humanists find worrisome. So worrisome, in fact, that many don’t recognize naturalistic explanations as being theoretical at all.

For them, the an argumentative powerpoint only theories that exist are Big Theories, and so efforts like the Mba assignments one I just mentioned are condemned as expressing a disdain for or suspicion of theorizing tout court . But that objection, feeble to start with, was blocked back in 1996 by the opening sentences Noël Carroll and I wrote in our Post-Theory: Reconstructing Film Studies : Our title risks misleading you. Is this book about the end of film theory? No. It’s about the end of Theory, and what can and should come after. 36. That introduction and many of the pieces included in the volume float arguments for How to theorizing as an a term, activity that asks researchable questions and comes up with more or less plausible answerssome commonsensical, some not, and some probing what counts as common sense. Ironically, just as filmic interpretation is How to essay viewer amenable to task analysis from a cognitive standpoint, a surprising amount of Grand Theory seems to me to rely on the sort of a term folk-psychological schemas and shortcuts that we find in ordinary life. But that’s a whole other essay. 1 : The most influential, and still informative, account of one such code was Christian Metz’s Grand Syntagmatique of narrative cinema. See Metz, “Problems of Denotation in the Fiction Film,” in Film Language: A Semiotics of the Cinema , trans.

Michael Taylor (New York: Oxford University Press, 1974), 108146. Metz’s more general consideration of cinematic codes is to be found in his Language and How to an argumentative essay powerpoint, Cinema , trans. Donna Jean Umiker-Sebeok (The Hague: Mouton, 1974). 2 : Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann, The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge (New York: Anchor, 1967). 3 : On this Golden Oldie of humanities lore, see Geoffrey Pullum, The Great Eskimo Vocabulary Hoax and How to a cosmetology, Other Irreverent Essays on the Study of Language (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991), 159175. 4 : See Howard Gardner, The Mind’s New Science: A History of the Cognitive Revolution (New York: Basic Books, 1985). 5 : The phrase appears in How to essay powerpoint viewer Jerry Fodor’s milestone 1983 book The Modularity of Mind (Cambridge: MIT Press), 6486.

6 : The phrase became something of a slogan for the New Look school. See Jerome S. Bruner, Beyond the Information Given: Studies in the Psychology of Knowing , ed. Board Essay. Jeremy M. Anglin (New York: Norton, 1973). 7 : J. J. How To An Argumentative Viewer. Gibson, Perception of the Visual World (Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1974 [orig. 1950]; J. J. Gibson, The Senses Considered as Perceptual Systems (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1966). 8 : On the Ames Room, see William H. Ittelson, The Ames Demonstrations in Perception, together with An Interpretive Manual by Adelbert Ames, Jr. (NewYork: Hafner, 1968). Go here for many videos employing the principles of the Ames Room. Interestingly, many of the voice-over commentators on these videos assume that prior knowledge, expectations, and other cognitive factors influence perception, indicating that New Look psychology remains a dominant paradigm for perceptual researchers. 9 : Gibson made his arguments about movies in The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1979), 292302. See Joseph D. Anderson, The Reality of Illusion: An Ecological Approach to board, Cognitive Film Theory (Carbondale: University of write an argumentative viewer Southern Illinois Press, 1996) and College board essay zbug, the articles collected in Moving Image Theory: Ecological Coniderations , ed.

Joseph D. Anderson and How to write essay viewer, Barbara Fisher Anderson (Carbondale: University of Southern Illinois Press, 2005). Had I been more alert, I would also have had to consider arguments in John M. Kennedy’s A Psychology of Picture Perception (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1974). 10 : Julian Hochberg and Virginia Brooks, “Movies in the Mind’s Eye,” in In the Mind’s Eye: Julian Hochberg on the Perception of Pictures, Films, and the World , ed. Mary A. Board Essay. Peterson, Barbara Gillam, and H. A. Sedgwick, (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007), 387395. 11 : See my “Cognition and Comprehension: Viewing and Forgetting in Mildred Pierce ,” Poetics of Cinema (New York: Routledge, 2008), 135150. The chart in the essay was printed inaccurately; an accurate one is at http://www.davidbordwell.net/books/poetics.php. 12 : See The Way Hollywood Tells It: Story and Style in essay viewer Modern Movies (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006), 6371. 13 : Major examples include Ed Tan, Emotion and the Structure of Narrative Film: Film as an Emotion Machine (Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 1996); Torben Grodal, Moving Pictures: A New Theory of Genres, Feelings, and Cognition (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), Carl Plantinga and help yourself, Greg M. Smith, eds., Passionate Views: Film, Cognition, and Emotion (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999), Greg M. Smith, Film Structure and the Emotion System (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007), and Carl Plantinga, Moving Viewers: American Film and How to write an argumentative essay, the Spectator’s Experience (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009). 14 : In another book, I tried to show how theory-driven interpretations, like interpretations that weren’t theory-driven, were amenable to cognitive and Mba assignments, rhetorical analysis. Viewer. See Making Meaning: Inference and Rhetoric in the Interpretation of Cinema (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1989). 15 : See my blog entry, “Now you see it, now you can’t” for more discussion of these trends.

16 : See William Hudson, “Pictorial Depth perception in Subcultural Groups in Research paper lined Africa,” Journal of write viewer Social Psychology 52 (1960), 183208, and “The Study of the Problem of College board essay Pictorial Perception among Unacculturated Groups,” International Journal of Psychology 2 (1967), 89107. 17 : See Stephan Schwan and Sermin Ildirar, “Watching Film for the First Time: How Adult Viewers Interpret Perceptual Discontinuities,” Psychological Science 21 (2010): 970976. Online access is at http://pss.sagepub.com/content/21/7/970.abstract. 18 : Paul Messaris, Visual Literacy: Image, Mind, and Reality (Boulder: Westview, 1994), 165. 19 : Julian Hochberg and Virginia Brooks, “Pictorial Recognition as an Unlearned Activity: A Study of One Child’s Performance,” in In the Mind’s Eye , 64. 20 : For a review of early experiments, see Charles A. Nelson, “The Perception and Recognition of Facial Expressions in Infancy,” in Social Perception in Infants , ed. Tiffany M. Field and write powerpoint, Nathan A. Fox (Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1985), 101125.

Later experiments in infant cognition are considered in the light of “folk” theories of mind, physics, and Mba assignments pdf vtu, the like, in Steven Pinker, How the Mind Works (New York: Norton, 1997), Chapter 5. 21 : Lynne Murray and Colwyn Trevarthen, “Emotional Regulation of Interactions between Two-month-olds and Their Mothers,” in Social Perception in Infants , ed. Field and How to write essay powerpoint viewer, Fox, 177197. Ellen Dissayanake has proposed a fascinating theory of the origins of art based in mother-child interactions; see Art and Intimacy: How the the argumentative essay help yourself Arts Began (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2000). 22 : See, for example, Phillipe Rochat, Ulric Neisser, and Viorica Marlan, “Are Young Infants Sensitive to Interpersonal Contingency?” Infant Behavior and How to an argumentative powerpoint, Development 21, 2 (1998): 355366. 23 : See Anderson, Reality of Illusion , Chapters 35; see my “Convention, Construction, and Cinematic Vision,” in Poetics of Cinema , 5782. 24 : See for a summary Donald E. Brown, Human Universals (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1991), 130140.

25 : Daniel C. Dennett, The Intentional Stance (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1987). 26 : Alison Gopnik, The Philosophical Baby: What Children’s Minds Tell Us about Truth, Love, and the Meaning of Life (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2009), 98. 27 : To get the flavor of some of the help yourself debates, see Barry Loewer and Georges Rey, ed., Meaning in Mind: Fodor and His Critics (Cambridge: Blackwell, 1991), especially Daniel C. Dennett, “Granny’s Campaign for How to write an argumentative Safe Science,” 8794 and Fodor’s reply: “The enormous practical success of How to a cosmetology essay on myself belief/desire psychology makes a prima facie case for its approximate truth” (277). By the way, I should make it clear that I use “intentions” in this paper in a nontechnical sense, not in the philosophical sense, as in Fodor’s references to “intentional states.” 28 : See Daniel Kahneman, Paul Slovic, and Amos Tversky, eds., Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982). 29 Meir Sternberg, Expositional Modes and Temporal Ordering in How to an argumentative essay powerpoint viewer Fiction (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1978), 99102. More generally, a great deal of Narration in the Fiction Film , including its focus on Research paper curiosity, suspense, and surprise, is indebted to Sternberg’s book, a trailblazing work of modern narratology. 30 : I discuss Prince of the City ’s narrational tactics a little bit here and a crucial sequence of In the How to City of Sylvia , at Mba assignments pdf vtu greater length, here. 31 : Duncan J. Watts, Everything Is Obvious* (*Once You Know the Answer): How Common Sense Fails Us (New York: Crown, 2011), 1213.

32 : “Mutual Friends and Chronologies of Chance,” in Poetics of powerpoint Cinema , 189250. 33 : See Giacomo Rizzolatti and Corrado Sinigaglia, Mirrors in the BrainHow Our Minds Share Actions and Emotions , trans. Frances Anderson (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008) and the argumentative help yourself, Marco Iacoboni, Mirroring People: The New Science of How We Connect with Others (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2008) 34 : V. Essay Powerpoint. S. Ramachandran, The Tell-Tale Brain: A Neuroscientist’s Quest for What Makes Us Human (New York: Norton, 2011), 121128. 35 : See Margaret Livingston and David Hubel, “Segregation of Form, Color, Movement, and paper writer, Depth: Anatomy, Physiology, and viewer, Perception,” Science 240 no 4853 (6 May 1988): 740749.

Available at http://www.sciencemag.org/content/240/4853/740.abstract. 36 : “Introduction,” Post-Theory: Reconstructing Film Studies , ed. David Bordwell and Noël Carroll (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1996), xiii. More generally, much of paper lined what I’ve said in this online essay was said more pointedly in essay powerpoint viewer Carroll’s pioneering 1985 article, “The Power of Movies.” See Carroll, Theorizing the Moving Image (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 7893. have comments about the state of this website? go here.